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Belki chłodzące 2009 / Chilled beams 2009

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FläktGroup Poland Sp. z o.o.
FläktGroup Poland Sp. z o.o.

The document provides technical specifications for Flexicool chilled beams. It includes details on various beam models, functions like cooling, heating, lighting, and installation methods. The models covered are Combi Cooler, Twin Wheel, suspended ceiling beams, passive chilled beams, and beams with variable airflow. Technical data, dimensions, and performance characteristics are provided for each type.

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Belki chłodzące 2009 / Chilled beams 2009

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  • 5. 6SLV WUHĂFL %HONL FKïRG]ÈFH ļ ]DOHFHQLD SURMHNWRZH 3RGVWDZRZH IXQNFMH )XQNFMD UHJXODFML NRPIRUWX
  • 6. )XQNFMD ZVRNLHJR QDWÚĝHQLD SU]HSïZX )XQNFMD VWHURZDQLD NLHUXQNLHP QDZLHZX )3
  • 7. )XQNFMD RJU]HZDQLD )XQNFMD RĂZLHWOHQLD )XQNFMD LQVWDODFML WUVNDF]RZHM 0RGXï GHGNRZDQH GR EHOHN FKïRG]ÈFFK RPEL RROHU 7ZLQ :KHHO :EUDQH UHDOL]DFMH %HONL GR VXğWöZ SRGZLHV]DQFK ,4$ ,4,' ,46$ %HONL ZROQRZLV]ÈFH ,4) ,4)' ,4)( ,47$ %HONL SDVZQH 436%'
  • 8. $ %HONL ]H ]PLHQQP SU]HSïZHP %HOND FKïRG]ÈFD L4 6WDU $675$ %HOND FKïRG]ÈFD L4 6WDU 67(//$ :SRVDĝHQLH VWHUXMÈFH :SRVDĝHQLH VWHUXMÈFH )OÄNW :RRGV
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  • 11. %HONL FKïRG]ÈFH ļ ]DOHFHQLD SURMHNWRZH '$1( 7(+1,=1( )OÄNW :RRGV 'DQH WHFKQLF]QH PRJÈ XOHF ]PLDQLH EH] XSU]HG]HQLD ,4,' ,4)' 436$ 43%$ ,46$ 43'$ ,47$ ,4)( ,4$ 5RG]DM EHONL KïRG]HQLH ] ZNRU]VWDQLHP GRSURZDG]DQHJR SRZLHWU]D ļ EHONL QDZLHZDMÈFH SRZLHWU]H KïRG]HQLH EH] GRSURZDG]DQHJR SRZLHWU]D ļ SDVZQH EHONL FKïRG]ÈFH )XQNFMD L XVWXRZDQLH ,4,' ,4)',4)( ,46$ ,47$ ,4$ 436$ 43%$ 43'$ =DNUWD SRZLHU]FKQLD JöUQD ļ SRZLHWU]H ] SRPLHV]F]HQLD MHVW GRSURZDG]DQH RG GRïX O O O O O ļ ļ ļ 2GNUWD SRZLHU]FKQLD JöUQD ļ SRZLHWU]H ] SRPLHV]F]HQLD MHVW GRSURZDG]DQH RG JöU ļ ļ ļ ļ ļ O O O :EXGRZDQH Z VXğW SRGZLHV]DQ O O ļ O O
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  • 14. NWyUD XPRŧOLZLD GRVWUDMDQLH ZGDMQRŋFL RUD] ]DVLĕJX QDZLHZX D SRQDGWR ]DSHZQLD X]VNDQLH ZVRNLHJR NRPIRUWX SRZLHWU]D Z SRPLHV] F]HQLX 3RZLHWU]H ] SRPLHV]F]HQLD MHVW GRSURZDG]DQH SU]H] RWZLHUDQć GROQć F]ĕŋþ REXGRZ FR XPRŧOLZLD ãDWZ GRVWĕS SRGF]DV F]QQRŋFL LQVSHNFMQFK L NRQVHUZDFM QFK %HONL V]HUHJX 43 Vć EHONDPL SDVZQPL IXQNFMRQX MćFPL QD ]DVDG]LH NRQZHNFML EH] QDZLHZX ŋZLHŧHJR SRZLHWU]D 2NUHŋODQLH ZPLDUyZ EHOHN FKãRG]ćFFK QDMãDWZLHM MHVW SU]HSURZDG]Dþ Z RSDUFLX R RSUDFRZDQ SU]H] ÀUPĕ )OlNW :RRGV SURJUDP GRERUX SURGXNWX ([6HO$LU %HONL FKïRG]ÈFH ļ RIHURZDQ DVRUWPHQW 'REyU VSRVREX SUDF GRVWĕSQFK IXQNFML L PLHMVFD LQVWDORZDQLD
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  • 34. %HONL FKïRG]ÈFH ļ ]DOHFHQLD SURMHNWRZH '$1( 7(+1,=1( )OÄNW :RRGV 'DQH WHFKQLF]QH PRJÈ XOHF ]PLDQLH EH] XSU]HG]HQLD P PHWU ELHĝÈF EHONL PPHWU ELHĝÈF EHONL 'RVWUDMDQLH ]DVLÚJX QDZLHZX Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX 'RVWUDMDQLH ]DVLÚJX QDZLHZX Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX %HONL )OlNW :RRGV ] URG]LQ ,4 SRVLDGDMć RGG]LHOQLH UHJXORZDQH GãXJRŋFL RWZRUyZ SR REX VWURQDFK 2]QDF]D WR ŧH QDWĕŧHQLD VWUX PLHQLD SRZLHWU]D ZSãZDMćFHJR ] OHZHM L SUDZHM VWURQ PRJć Eþ UHJXORZDQH GOD X]VNDQLD RSWPDOQHM SURSRUFML 1D SU]NãDG JG EHONL Vć XPLHV]F]RQH Z SREOLŧX ŋFLDQ WR VWUX PLHĸ SRZLHWU]D Z NLHUXQNX ŋFLDQ PRŧH ]RVWDþ RJUDQLF]RQ GR D Z SR]RVWDãP NLHUXQNX VWDQRZLþ EHG]LH 3RGF]DV SU]HEXGRZ LQVWDODFML F]ĕVWR PD PLHMVFH SU]HVWD ZLDQLH ŋFLDQHN G]LDãRZFK L ZWHG ]D SRPRFć UHJXORZDQFK GãXJRŋFL RWZRUyZ UR]SãZ VWUXPLHQLD SRZLHWU]D ZSãZDMćFHJR ] NDŧGHM EHONL PRŧH Eþ Z ãDWZ VSRVyE ]PLHQLDQ DE XQLNQćþ SUREOHPyZ ]ZLć]DQFK ] SRZVWDZDQLHP SU]HFLćJyZ 1LH]DOHŧ QLH RG WHJR VDP VWUXPLHĸ SRZLHWU]D PRŧH Eþ WDNŧH ]ZLĕNV]DQ OXE ]PQLHMV]DQ Z ]DOHŧQRŋFL RG SRWU]HE 'ODWHJR EDUG]R U]DGNR SRMDZLD VLĕ SUREOHP GRWF]ćF ]PLDQ XVWXRZDQLD EHOHN 0RŧOLZRŋþ UHJXODFML GãXJRŋFL V]F]HOLQ R]QDF]D ŧH EHOND SRVLDGD ZEXGRZDQć IXQNFMĕ SU]HSXVWQLF 0RJć Eþ GRNRQZD QH XPLDUNRZDQH ]PLDQ FLŋQLHQLD QDWĕŧHQLD SU]HSãZX EH] ZZLHUDQLD ]QDF]QHJR ZSãZX QD HIHNW FKãRG]HQLD 0LPR ŧH EHONL FKãRG]ćFH PDMć NUyWNL ]DVLĕJ WR Z SRPLHV] F]HQLDFK R ]QDF]QP ]DSRWU]HERZDQLX QD FKãRG]HQLH RUD] R GXŧFK QDWĕŧHQLDFK SU]HSãZX SRZLHWU]D PRŧH ZVWĕSRZDþ QLHEH]SLHF]HĸVWZR SRZVWDZDQLD SU]HFLćJyZ $E WHJR XQLNQćþ EHONL )OlNW :RRGV ] URG]LQ ,4 SRVLDGDMć WDN ]ZDQć IXQNFMĕ )3 )ORZ 3DWHUQ RQWURO ² UHJXODFMD ]DVLĕJX QDZLHZX
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  • 38. %HONL FKïRG]ÈFH ļ ]DOHFHQLD SURMHNWRZH '$1( 7(+1,=1( )OÄNW :RRGV 'DQH WHFKQLF]QH PRJÈ XOHF ]PLDQLH EH] XSU]HG]HQLD W]Q Z SU]SDGNX ZROQHM SRZLHU]FKQL VXILWX SRGZLHV]DQHJR L EHONL R V]HURNRŋFL PP RWU]PDP FF [ [ PP FF [ V]HURNRŋþ EHONL [ ZROQD SRZLHU]FKQLD VXILWX SRGZLHV]DQHJR =DOHFHQLD VVWHPRZH L SURMHNWRZH .DQDï GRSURZDG]DMÈFH SRZLHWU]H = SUDNWNL ZQLND ŧH QDMF]ĕŋFLHM VWRVXMH VLĕ MHGQć SU]HSXVWQLFĕ ZUyZQDZF]ć QD NDŧGć EHONĕ D ZLHONRŋFL QDWĕŧHQLD SU]HSãZX Vć RNUHŋODQH SRSU]H] SRPLDU FLŋQLHQLD QD ZORFLH EHONL 5R]ZLć]DQLH WDNLH MHVW V]F]HJyOQLH NRU]VWQH JG ZPDJDQD MHVW GXŧD HODVWF]QRŋþ SR]ZDOD RQR ERZLHP QD VZRERGQć UHJXODFMĕ QDWĕŧHQLD SU]HSãZX Z ]DOHŧQRŋFL RG SRWU]HE 6SDGHN FLŋQLHQLD QD EHOFH ZQRVL ]D]ZF]DM 3D 2]QDF]D WR ŧH QDZHW EHOHN ] UR]JDãĕ]LHQLDPL PRŧH Eþ SRGãćF]RQFK GR MHGQHJR NDQDãX ] PDNVPDOQP RGFKOHQLHP QDWĕŧHQLD SU]HSãZX ZQRV]ćFP “ SU] QRUPDOQP SU]HSãZLH SRZLHWU]D ZHZQćWU] NDQDãX 3R]ZDOD WR QD ]DVWRVRZDQLH MHGQHJR XU]ćG]HQLD GR SRPLDUX RUD] UHJXODFML SU]HSãZX QS SU]HSXVWQLF VRF]HZNRZHM
  • 39. GOD NLONX EHOHN -HVW WR RGSRZLHGQLH UR]ZLć]DQLH Z SU]SDGNX RNUHŋOHQLD QLVNLFK ZPDJDĸ RGQRV]ćFFK VLĕ GR HODVWF]QRŋFL 6WRVXMćF EHONL )OlNW :RRGV ] ZEXGRZDQć IXQNFMć UHJXODFML NRPIRUWX QLH PD SRWU]HE VWRVRZDQLD SU]HSXVWQLF GOD NDŧGHM EHONL SRQLHZDŧ UHGXNFMD SU]HSãZX MHVW ZEXGRZDQD Z NRQ VWUXNFMĕ EHONL 3R]ZDOD WR ]DUyZQR QD GXŧć HODVWF]QRŋþ MDN L QD PRŧOL ZRŋþ ZERUX QDMWDĸV]HJR UR]ZLć]DQLD ] SRMHGQF]ć SU]HSXVWQL Fć Z NDQDOH GOD NLONX EHOHN (XURSHMVNLH VWDQGDUG GRWF]ÈFH WHVWRZDQLD EHOHN FKïRG]ÈFFK :VSyãSUDFD Z UDPDFK 8QLL (XURSHMVNLHM GRSURZDG]LãD GR VWDQGDU]DFML PHWRG WHVWRZDQLD NWyUH PXV]ć Eþ VWRVRZDQH SU]H] SURGXFHQWyZ Z NUDMDFK 8( 1RUPD (1 RGQRVL VLĕ GR EHOHN SDVZQFK QDWRPLDVW QRUPD SU(1 RGQRVL VLĕ GR EHOHN QDZLHZDMćFFK SRZLHWU]H EHOHN DNWZQFK
  • 40. 3RQLHZDŧ FLHSãR RGSURZDG]DQH GR SRPLHV]F]HQLD W]Q QDGPLDU FLHSãD XVXZDQ Z EHOFH ZVNXWHN FKãRG]HQLD MHVW UR]SURZDG]DQ UyZQRPLHUQLH QD ŋFLDQ L QD SRGãRJĕ ZDUXQNL WHPSHUDWXURZH GOD SRZLHWU]D Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX SR]RVWDMć EDUG]R VWDELOQH L X]VNLZDQH Vć WDNLH VDPH ZQLNL WHVWyZ QLH]DOHŧQLH RG SU]HSURZDG]DMćFHJR MH ODERUDWRULXP 0HWRG WHVWyZ ZND]XMć GOD SRZLHWU]D Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX QLH]QDF]Q JUDGLHQW WHPSHUDWXU Z XNãDG]LH SLRQRZP KïRG]HQLH (IHNW FKãRG]HQLD SU] ]DVWRVRZDQLX EHONL FKãRG]ćFHM ]DOHŧ RG UyŧQLF WHPSHUDWXU SRPLĕG] WHPSHUDWXUć SRPLHV]F]HQLD L ŋUHGQLć WHPSHUDWXUć ZRG FKãRG]ćFHM Z ZĕŧRZQLF RUD] RG QDWĕŧHQLD SU]HSãZX SRZLHWU]D QDZLHZDQHJR %DUG]R ZDŧQH MHVW DE QD ZĕŧRZQLF RUD] QD UXU]H GRSUR ZDG]DMćFHM QLH GRFKRG]LãR GR VNUDSODQLD 3UDNWND SRND]XMH ŧH WHPSHUDWXUD ZRG QD ZHMŋFLX SRZLQQD ZQRVLþ ƒ 2JU]HZDQLH 'R RJU]HZDQLD SRPLHV]F]HQLD ZNRU]VWXMH VLĕ JU]HMQLN OXE REZyG JU]HZF] ]DPRQWRZDQ Z EHOFH 6WRVRZDQLH JU]HMQLND ]DSHZQL QDMPQLHMV]ć UyŧQLFĕ WHPSHUDWXU SRPLĕG] SRGãRJć L VXÀWHP :ĕŧRZQLFD ]DLQVWDORZDQD Z EHOFH PRŧH Eþ ZSRVDŧRQD Z GRGDWNRZ REZyG UXURZ QD ZRGĕ JU]HZF]ć NWyU PRŧH SUDFRZDþ ] GXŧć ZGDMQRŋFLć FLHSOQć SU] XWU]PDQLX QRUPDOQHM WHPSHUDWXU GRVWDUF]DQHM ZRG 'RNãDGQLH WDN VDPR MDN Z SU]SDGNX GIX]RUD VXÀWRZHJR ZPLDU EHOHN Vć RNUHŋODQH SRG NćWHP ]DSHZQLHQLD RGSRZLHG QLHJR UXFKX SRZLHWU]D Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX SRGF]DV SUDF Z UHŧL PLH FKãRG]HQLD : VWXDFML JG WHPSHUDWXUD GRSURZDG]DQHJR SRZLHWU]D MHVW QDGPLHUQLH ZVRND MDN WR PD PLHMVFH Z UHŧLPLH RJU]HZDQLD
  • 41. WR ZHQWODFMD ÅSU]HORWRZDµ Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX *UDGLHQW WHPSHUDWXU Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX : U]HF]ZLVWFK LQVWDODFMDFK ťUyGãD FLHSãD R ZVRNLP QDWĕŧHQLX SU]HSãZX NRQZHNFMQHJR EĕGć ZSãZDþ QD ]ZLĕNV]HQLH UyŧQL F SRPLĕG] WHPSHUDWXUć SRZLHWU]D FUNXOXMćFHJR GRSãZDMć FHJR GR ZĕŧRZQLF EHONL FKãRG]ćFHM RUD] WHPSHUDWXUć SRZLHWU]D Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX PLHU]RQć QD ZVRNRŋFL P SRQDG SRGãRJć -DNR WHPSHUDWXUĕ SRPLHV]F]HQLD SU]MPXMH VLĕ WHPSHUDWXUĕ SDQXMćFć QD ZVRNRŋFL P QDG SRGãRJć : VWXDFMDFK JG WHPSHUDWXUD SU] EHOFH MHVW ZŧV]D QLŧ QD SR]LRPLH P WD ZŧV]D WHPSHUDWXUD PXVL Eþ XZ]JOĕGQLDQD SU] REOLF]HQLDFK UyŧQLF WHPSHUDWXU SRPLĕG] WHPSHUDWXUć SRZLHWU]D L ŋUHGQLć WHPSHUDWXUć ZRG ¨W
  • 42. :ŧV]D ZDUWRŋþ ¨W EĕG]LH SRZRGRZDãD ]ZLĕNV]HQLH HIHNWX FKãRG]HQLD HPLWRZDQHJR SU]H] ZĕŧRZQLFĕ EHONL 7HPSHUDWXUD SU] EHOFH MHVW SU]MPRZDQD MDNR WHPSHUDWX UD SU] VXÀFLH 6WRVRZDQD MHVW SUDNWF]QD ]DVDGD ŧH Z RGQLHVLHQLX GR EHOHN QDZLHZDMćFFK SRZLHWU]H UyŧQLFD WHPSHUDWXU SRPLĕG] SRZLHWU]HP SU] EHOFH L SRZLHWU]HP QD SR]LRPLH P SU]MPRZDQD MHVW MDNR ZLHONRŋþ U]ĕGX ² ƒ: RGQLHVLHQLX GR EHOHN SDVZQFK WD ZDUWRŋþ ZQRVL ² ƒ %HONL LQVWDORZDQH SRZĝHM SHUIRURZDQHJR JïDGNLHJR
  • 43. VXğWX SRGZLHV]DQHJR : SHZQFK VWXDFMDFK SRMDZLD VLĕ ZPyJ DE EHONL FKãRG]ćFH Eã XNUWH SRZŧHM SHUIRURZDQHJR VXÀWX SRGZLHV]DQHJR 3UyE SU]HSURZDG]DQH Z ZDUXQNDFK U]HF]ZLVWFK ZND ]Dã ŧH EHONL FKãRG]ćFH )OlNW :RRGV SU]HZLG]LDQH GOD PRQWDŧX VZRERGQLH ]DZLHV]RQHJR EHONL ,4)' L ,4)(
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  • 67. %HONL FKïRG]ÈFH ļ ]DOHFHQLD SURMHNWRZH '$1( 7(+1,=1( )OÄNW :RRGV 'DQH WHFKQLF]QH PRJÈ XOHF ]PLDQLH EH] XSU]HG]HQLD 5VXQHN 5VXQHN 5VXQHN =DOHFHQLD VVWHPRZH L SURMHNWRZH -HGHQ ]DZöU QD EHONÚ 3RGãćF]HQLH NLONX EHOHN GR ZVSyOQHJR ]DZRUX VWHUXMćFHJR PRŧH ZLć]Dþ VLĕ ] NRQLHF]QRŋFLć ]EXGRZDQLD GRGDWNRZHJR XNãDGX UXURFLćJyZ MDN SRND]DQR QD UVXQNX 5VXQHN 1DMZLĕNV]ć HODVWF]QRŋþ X]VNXMH VLĕ SU] ]DLQVWDORZDQLX MHGQHJR ]DZRUX QD NDŧGHM EHOFH MDN SRND]DQR QD UVXQNX -HGHQ ]HVSyã VWHUXMćF PRŧH VWHURZDþ SUDFć MHGQHM OXE ZLĕFHM EHOHN : UD]LH HZHQWXDOQHM SU]V]ãHM SU]HEXGRZ XNãDGX Z PDJDQH EĕG]LH GRNRQDQLH SU]HãćF]HQLD HOHNWUF]QHJR SRPLĕG] ]HVSRãDPL VWHUXMćFPL =DVDGD WD GRWF] EXGQNyZ ELXURZFK ] UXUDPL VVWHPX PH GLyZ RGELHUDMćFFK FLHSãR SRSURZDG]RQPL QD NRUWDU]X RUD] SRPLHV]F]Hĸ ELXURZFK Z XNãDG]LH ÅFHOO RIÀFHµ SRPLHV]F]HQLD ELXURZH WSX ÅMHGQD RVRED Z SRNRMXµ@ OXE SU]V]ãHJR XNãDGX ÅFHOO RIÀFHµ Z]GãXŧ IDVDG EXGQNX ] SRG]LDãHP QD PRGXã )LUPD )OlNW :RRGV RIHUXMH UHJXODWRU SR]ZDODMćFH QD VWHURZDQLH ZLHORPD ]DZRUDPL NDŧG ]QDMGXMćFPL VLĕ SR VWURQLH FKãR G]HQLD L JU]DQLD 3RSU]H] ]EXGRZDQLH VVWHPX ] UHJXODWRUDPL SRGU]ĕGQPL SRMHGQF] UHJXODWRU PRŧH XUXFKDPLDþ GR ]DZRUyZ Z OLQLL FKãRG]HQLD L ]DZRUyZ Z OLQLL JU]DQLD :VSöOQ ]DZöU VWHUXMÈF GOD NLONX EHOHN .LOND EHOHN FKãRG]ćFFK PRŧH ]RVWDþ SRGãćF]RQFK UD]HP GR ZVSyOQHJR ]DZRUX VWHUXMćFHJR ]JRGQLH ] UVXQNLHP 3RQLHZDŧ ]PLDQ VWUHI UHJXODFML ZPDJDMć SU]HEXGRZ VVWHPX UXU ZLĕF PHWRGD WDND MHVW ZNRU]VWZDQD WONR Z SU]SDGNX RELHNWyZ JG]LH QLH PD ZPRJX ]DSHZQLHQLD HODVWF]QRŋFL 1D SU]NãDG Z SU]SDGNX GXŧFK SRPLHV]F]Hĸ ELXURZFK ORNDOL KDQGORZFK V]Nyã LWS 3RUyZQDQLH NRV]WyZ ] VWRVRZDþ ZVSyOQ ]DZyU GOD NLONX EHOHN F] SRMHGQF] ]DZyU GOD NDŧGHM EHONL =DZRU VWHUXMćFH RUD] VLãRZQLNL VWRVRZDQH Z SU]SDGNX SRMHGQF]FK EHOHN Vć XU]ćG]HQLDPL VWRVXQNRZR PDãR VNRPSOL NRZDQPL L WDQLPL QDWRPLDVW GXŧH ]DZRU SR]ZDODMćFH QD VWH URZDQLH NLONRPD EHONDPL MHGQRF]HŋQLH Vć HOHPHQWDPL R ]XSHãQLH LQQHM NRQVWUXNFML L GXŧR GURŧV]PL ]ĕVWR RND]XMH VLĕ ŧH Z VVWHPDFK VNãDGDMćFFK VLĕ ] SR PLHV]F]Hĸ ELXURZFK WSX ÅFHOO RIÀFHµ Z]GãXŧ NRUWDU]D NRV]W ]DVWRVRZDQLD RGG]LHOQHJR ]DZRUX VWHUXMćFHJR GOD NDŧGHM EHONL RNDŧć VLĕ QLHZLHOH ZŧV]H D SR]ZROL WR GRGDWNRZR QD VWZRU]H QLH VVWHPX R GXŧHM HODVWF]QRŋFL 6VWHP VWHURZDQLD 2JU]HZDQLH L FKïRG]HQLH : SRPLHV]F]HQLDFK ZPDJDMćFFK ]DUyZQR RJU]HZDQLD MDN L FKãRG]HQLD ] XZDJL QD RV]F]ĕGQRŋþ HQHUJLL ZVND]DQH MHVW ]DLQVWDORZDQLH VVWHPX VWHURZDQLD NWyU XQLHPRŧOLZL MHG QRF]HVQH IXQNFMRQRZDQLH XNãDGX JU]HZF]HJR L FKãRG]ćFHJR 2JU]HZDQLH PRŧH Eþ UHDOL]RZDQH ]D SRPRFć JU]HMQLNyZ OXE REZRGyZ JU]HZF]FK Z EHOFH FKãRG]ćFHM =DUyZQR JU]HMQLN MDN L ZĕŧRZQLFD JU]HZF]D EHONL PRJć Eþ ZSRVDŧRQH Z ]DZyU VWHUXMćF 6WHURZDQLH ]DZRUDPL RGEZD VLĕ VHNZHQFMQLH ]H ZVSyOQHJR XU]ćG]HQLD VWHUXMćFHJR WR ]QDF] ŧH DE PRŧQD EãR RWZRU]þ ]DZyU FKãRG]ćF QDMSLHUZ PXVL ]RVWDþ ]DPNQLĕW ]DZyU JU]HZF] ]ĕVWR SRPLĕG] VWUHIDPL JU]DQLD L FKãRG]HQLD MHVW GRGDWNRZR Z]QDF]DQD VWUHID QHXWUDOQD Z NWyUHM GOD RNUHŋORQHJR SU]HG]LDãX WHPSHUDWXU RED ]DZRU SR]RVWDMć ]DPNQLĕWH SDWU] ² UVXQHN 3U]HFLÈJL : QRZRF]HVQFK EXGQNDFK FKDUDNWHU]XMćFFK VLĕ GREUHM MDNRŋFL L QLH]EW GXŧFK UR]PLDUyZ RNQDPL ZVND]DQH MHVW VWRVR ZDQLH VVWHPX VWHURZDQLD VHNZHQFMQHJR ]H VWUHIć QHXWUDOQć -HŋOL MHGQDNŧH RNQD Vć ZLHONRZPLDURZH LOXE JRUV]HM MDNRŋFL ]DVWRVRZDQLH VVWHPX VWHURZDQLD VHNZHQFMQHJR PRŧH Eþ ťUyGãHP SRZVWDZDQLD SUREOHPyZ ] SU]HFLćJDPL Z ]ZLć]NX ] DXWRPDWF]QP ZãćF]DQLHP JU]HMQLND Z PRPHQFLH SRMDZLH QLD VLĕ ]DSRWU]HERZDQLD QD FKãRG]HQLH :VWĕSXMć ERZLHP GãX JLH RNUHV F]DVX JG JU]HMQLN MHVW ZãćF]RQ D RNQR MHVW ]LPQH ,VWQLHMH NLOND UyŧQFK PHWRG SR]ZDODMćFFK ZHOLPLQRZDþ WHQ SUREOHP
  • 68. =DZyU VWHUXMćF GOD JU]HMQLND MHVW FHORZR QLHV]F]HOQ D ZLĕF ]DZyU WHQ QLJG QLH EĕG]LH FDãNRZLFLH ]DPNQLĕW SDWU] ² UVXQHN HOHPHQW
  • 69. %HONL FKïRG]ÈFH ļ ]DOHFHQLD SURMHNWRZH '$1( 7(+1,=1( )OÄNW :RRGV 'DQH WHFKQLF]QH PRJÈ XOHF ]PLDQLH EH] XSU]HG]HQLD 5VXQHN 5VXQHN 5 69 69 69 69 QDWÚĝHQLH SU]HSïZX ZRG REFLÈĝHQLH SRPLHV]F]HQLD *7 *7 *0 5 *7 ZLOJRWQRĂÊ Z]JOÚGQD ļ *0 SXQNW URV VNUDSODQLH WHPSHUD WXUD ļ *7 =DOHFHQLD VVWHPRZH L SURMHNWRZH
  • 70. *U]HMQLN PRŧH Eþ ZNRU]VWZDQ MDNR ÅF]VWµ VSRVyE QD ]DEH]SLHF]HQLH SU]HG SU]HFLćJDPL SRSU]H] VWHURZDQLH WHPSHUDWXUć ZRG ]DVLODMćFHM ZãćF]QLH Z RGQLHVLHQLX GR WHPSHUDWXU SDQXMćFHM QD ]HZQćWU] SRPLHV]F]HQLD *U]HMQLN MHVW ZWHG ZSRVDŧRQ Z ]DZyU UĕF]Q D WHPSHUDWXUD ZRG ]DVLODMćFHM MHVW UHJXORZDQD ]JRGQLH ] NU]Zć WHPSHUDWXU QD ]HZQćWU] SRPLHV]F]HQLD 6NUDSODQLH 1DMQLŧV]D GRSXV]F]DOQD WHPSHUDWXUD PHGLXP RGELHUDMćFHJR FLH SãR PXVL Eþ WDN GREUDQD DE RVLćJDQ Eã QDMZLĕNV] PRŧOLZ GR RVLćJQLĕFLD HIHNW FKãRG]HQLD Z GDQHM EHOFH FKãRG]ćFHM 7D GROQD JUDQLFD MHVW Z]QDF]DQD SU]H] QLHEH]SLHF]HĸVWZR SRMDZLHQLD VLĕ VNURSOLQ PRJćFFK VLĕ SRMDZLþ Z WHM F]ĕŋFL VVWHPX PHGLyZ RGELHUDMćFFK FLHSãR Z NWyUHM WHPSHUDWXUD SRZLHU]FKQLRZD VSDGQLH SRQLŧHM SXQNWX URV GOD RWDF]DMćFHJR SRZLHWU]D : RGQLHVLHQLX GR PHGLXP RGELHUDMćFHJR FLHSãR SU]MPXMH VLĕ ŧH WHPSHUDWXUD ƒ MHVW ZVWDUF]DMćFR ZVRND DE ]DSR ELHF SRZVWDZDQLX VNURSOLQ Z ZDUXQNDFK QRUPDOQFK 0RJć ]GDU]þ VLĕ MHGQDN WDNLH GQL Z URNX ]ZãDV]F]D Z VLHUSQLX NLHG ZLOJRWQRŋþ SRZLHWU]D MHVW WDN ZVRND ŧH ]MD ZLVNR VNUDSODQLD PRŧH ZVWćSLþ MXŧ Z WHPSHUDWXU]H ƒ 6SRVRE ]DSRELHJDQLD SUREOHPRP ]ZLć]DQP ]H VNUDSOD QLHP Vć QDVWĕSXMćFH ]XMQLN VNUDSODQLD QD UXUDFK GRFKRG]ÈFFK GR EHONL FKïRG]ÈFHM 'R XU]ćG]HQLD VWHUXMćFHJR SUDFć ]DZRUX FKãRG]ćFHJR QD EHOFH FKãRG]ćFHM PRŧH Eþ SRGãćF]RQ F]XMQLN VNUDSODQLD SDWU] ² HOH PHQW
  • 71. ]DPRQWRZDQ QD UXU]H GRSURZDG]DMćFHM PHGLXP RGELHUDMćFH FLHSãR GR EHONL FKãRG]ćFHM *G F]XMQLN ZNUMH QLHEH]SLHF]HĸVWZR SRMDZLHQLD VLĕ VNUDSODQLD QD UXU]H W]Q JG ZLOJRWQRŋþ Z]JOĕGQD SU]HNURF] ]DZyU VWHUXMćF ]DPNQLH VLĕ Z ZQLNX F]HJR Z]URŋQLH WHPSHUDWXUD SRZLHU]FKQLRZD QD UXU]H GRFKRG]ćFHM GR EHONL RUD] QD ZĕŧRZQLF L ]QLNQLH QLHEH] SLHF]HĸVWZR SRZVWDZDQLD NRQGHQVDFML =DOHWD =DQLN FKãRG]HQLD ZVWćSL WONR GOD WFK SRPLHV]F]Hĸ NWyUH EĕGć QDUDŧRQH QD QLHEH]SLHF]HĸVWZR SRMDZLHQLD VLĕ VNUDSODQLD :DGD %UDN FKãRG]HQLD Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX =ZLÚNV]HQLH WHPSHUDWXU PHGLXP RGELHUDMÈFHJR FLHSïR :LOJRWQRŋþ SRZLHWU]D MHVW PLHU]RQD ]D SRPRFć F]XMQLND ZLO JRWQRŋFL Z]JOĕGQHM *0
  • 72. RUD] F]XMQLND WHPSHUDWXU SRZLHWU]D *7
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  • 133. Z ]DOHŧQRŋFL RG WHJR MDNLH QDWĕŧHQLH RŋZLHWOHQLD MHVW ZPDJDQH 7S +( MHVW SU]HZLG]LDQ GOD RSUDZHN PP : RUD] GOD RSUDZHN PP : 7S +2 MHVW SU]HZLG]LDQ GOD RSUDZHN PP : RUD] GOD RSUDZHN PP : 7HPSHUDWXUD EDUZRZD ODPS ÁXRUHVFHQFMQHM ZQRVL . 3U]HZyG ]DVLODMćF PRŧH Eþ GRVWDUF]DQ ZUD] ]H ]ZNãć ZWF]Nć ] ZWF]Nć VVWHPX (QVWR OXE ZWF]Nć :LHODQGD :PLDU
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  • 151.
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