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Livestock research for Africa’s food security and
poverty reduction
International Livestock Research Institute
6th Africa Agricultural Science Week
Accra International Conference Centre (executive room 4)
15 July 2013 - 09.00-12.00
ILRI’s strategy
Livestock research
for food security
and poverty reduction
Strategy in context
• ILRI in the CGIAR
• Livestock in Africa
• Strategic issues
• Elements of strategy
• Topics for discussion
ILRI – a member of the CGIAR Consortium
CGIAR consortium
ILRI
strategy
Global livestock
issues
Why bother with the livestock sector in Africa?
3 out of 6 of the highest value
African commodities are livestock
Source: FAOSTAT, 2013
FAO, 2012
Annual % growth in consumption of
livestock products between 1995 and 2005
Strategic issues
Photo ILRI/Collins
Strategic
issues
Improve food
security
Deliver at
scale
Empower
women
Employ
diverse
approaches
Address
health and
environmental
problems
Use new
science
Increase
investments
Develop
capacity
Ensure fit
for purpose
Growth scenarios for livestock systems
• ‘Strong growth’
– Where good market access and
increasing productivity provide
opportunities for continued
smallholder participation.
• ‘Fragile growth’
– Where remoteness, marginal land
resources or agroclimatic
vulnerability restrict intensification.
• ‘High growth with externalities’
– Fast changing livestock systems
potentially damaging the
environment and human health
• Different research and development
challenges for poverty, food security,
health and nutrition, environment
Mission
(Purpose)
WHY ILRI exists
WHAT ILRI does
HOW the strategy is
operationalized
Strategic objectives
(informed by strategic issues
– external and internal
environment))
Critical success factors
performance areas
overlapping
do NOT map to structure
Key elements
Mission and vision
ILRI envisions a world where all people have
access to enough food and livelihood options to
fulfill their potential.
ILRI’s mission is to improve food and nutritional
security and to reduce poverty in developing
countries through research for efficient, safe and
sustainable use of livestock—ensuring better
lives through livestock.
What’s new?
• Long term strategy
• Outcomes and impacts
(accountable; attribution;
alignment)
• Diversity: trajectories; species;
ILRI strengths; partners
• Livestock ‘goods’ and ‘bads’
• Mainstreaming gender; human
health
• Clientele: Beyond livestock
producers; partners; capacity
development
ILRI acts in three (mutually reinforcing) areas
• To prove that better use of livestock can make
a big difference in enough people’s lives
through improved practice.
• To influence decision-makers so that they will
increase investment in livestock systems.
• To ensure there is sufficient capacity in
developing countries and among investors to
use increased investment effectively and
efficiently.
Strategic objective 1
ILRI and its partners will
develop, test, adapt and
promote science-based
practices that—being
sustainable and scalable—
achieve better lives
through livestock.
Strategic objective 2
ILRI and its partners will provide
compelling scientific evidence in
ways that persuade decision-
makers—from farms to
boardrooms and parliaments—
that smarter policies and bigger
livestock investments can deliver
significant socio-economic, health
and environmental dividends to
both poor nations and
households.
Strategic objective 3
ILRI and its partners will
work to increase capacity
amongst ILRI’s key
stakeholders and the
institute itself so that they
can make better use of
livestock science and
investments for better
lives through livestock.
The critical success factors
• The biomass crisis in
intensifying smallholder
systems
• Vulnerability and risk in
drylands
• Food safety and aflatoxins
• Vaccine biosciences
• Mobilizing biosciences for a
food-secure Africa
The biomass crisis in intensifying
smallholder systems
The biomass crisis in intensifying
smallholder systems
Why does it matter?
• Increasing livestock populations are putting pressure on
demand for feed and increasing the competition for biomass
• Feed is at the interface of positive and negative effects of
livestock
• Feed is most important input cost – feed: product price ratio
increasing
• Feed (biomass) is major user of natural resources (land, water)
• Increased intensification increases feed efficiency and reduces
GHG emissions, water use, biomass use
The biomass crisis in intensifying
smallholder systems…
What are we doing about it?
Using a value chain approach to: 1) make better use of existing
feed resources, 2) produce more and better feeds; 3) encourage
and facilitate feed trading, processing and small scale business
enterprises around feed
• Tools for assessing feed resources and for prioritizing feed
interventions
• Select, breed and disseminate improved food-feed crops and forages
and identify new feed ingredients
• Identify feed surplus: deficit areas, facilitate fodder markets and
design context specific feed processing approaches
• Consider environmental impacts, including competition for biomass in
smallholder systems and GHG and water implications of
intensification.
The biomass crisis in intensifying
smallholder systems…
What is the next frontier?
• Will demand for ASF in developing countries level out (contraction and
convergence)?
• What are the feed and biomass implications of increased demand for
ASF?
• Transitions vs sustainability
• Technical vs. institutional solutions e.g.
• Cellulolytic biomass upgrading?
• More efficient livestock value chains?
• Questions for discussion
• What are the options for sustainable intensification through livestock
feeding?
• How can we best deal with the competition for biomass between livestock
feeding and soil fertility?
Vulnerability and risk
in the drylands
Vulnerability and risk in drylands
Why does it matter?
• Lots of livestock produced in the
drylands
• E.g. 80% if red meat consumed in
Kenya
• Risk inherent to dryland livestock
production and risks are increasing
• Renewed commitment from
governments and donors to build
resilience
• Complex systems require
innovative solutions from research
and development
Vulnerability and risk in drylands
What are we doing about it?
• Hosting a Technical Consortium to support investment
plans for resilience
• Active partner in the Drylands CRP
• Piloting Index – Based Livestock Insurance
• Northern Kenya, Ethiopia
• Promoting equitable commercialization
• Fostering better land management
Vulnerability and risk in drylands
What is the next frontier?
• How can commercial pastoral livestock production
lead to growth in risk-prone drylands?
• Is there a long term role for livestock insurance in
pastoral production systems?
Food safety and aflatoxins
Food safety and aflatoxins
Why does it matter?
• FBD is the most common
disease in the world
• FBD is the most serious
agriculture associated
disease
• FBD is not just about
illness: also livestock
sector, trade and
environmental impacts
Food safety and aflatoxins
What are we doing about it?
• Targeting interventions to 9
high value, high nutrition,
high risk livestock & fish
chains
• Working with crop-centers
to strengthen public health
aspects of aflatoxins
Food safety and aflatoxins
The big questions?
• How to assure food safety
in informal markets where
most of the poor buy &
sell?
• How to wed food safety
and nutrition?
• Do aflatoxins stunt
children as well as killing
and causing liver cancer?
Vaccine biosciences
ILRI will initially focus on five prioritized diseases
 African swine fever (ASF) – swine
African disease threatens the global $150 billion/year pig industry
 Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) – cattle
Regional losses to CBPP amount to ~ $60 million/year
 East Coast fever (ECF) – cattle
Regional losses exceed $300 million/year; kills ~ 1million cattle/year
 Peste de petits ruminants (PPR) – small ruminants
Losses in Kenya alone amount to ~ $13 million/year
 Rift Valley Fever (RVF) – small ruminants, cattle and human
2006/7 outbreak in Kenya cost ~ $30 million
309 human cases in Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania; 140 deaths
Vaccines save livestock and contribute to
food security and poverty alleviation
Importance of animal health control in Africa
Vaccine Biosciences: new science platforms,
new opportunities
 Optimizing existing vaccines
 Thermostabilization of attenuated viral vaccines
 Establishing quality control and process improvement
 Reverse vaccinology and immunology
 Identification of vaccine antigens
 Assessing protein and gene-based vaccine formulations

 Pathogen & livestock genomics
 Host and pathogen gene expression profiles
 Pathogen population structure
 Synthetic genomics
 Manipulating bacterial genomes
 Attenuating viruses by genome engineering
ACTGGTACGTAGGGCATCGA
TCGACATGATAGAGCATATA
GCATGACGATGCGATCGACA
GTCGACAGCTGACAGCTGAG
GGTGACACCAGCTGCCAGCT
GGACCACCATTAGGACAGAT
GACCACACACAAATAGACGA
TTAGGACCAGATGAGCCACA
TTTTAGGAGGACACACACCA
Bioinformatics
tools
Predict gene
sequences and
list candidate
vaccine antigens
Test experimental vaccine
Clone genes of
vaccine interest
(100’s of genes)
Filter genes via
immunological
assays
Pathogen genome mining
(1000’s of genes)
Molecular immunology
tools to assess immune
responses in cattle
(10’s genes)
Vaccinology capacity in Africa?
Marke ng
Market
assessment
Proof-of-principle
laboratory/field
Clinical
development
Manufacturing
Product development partnershipsResearch partnerships
Disease selec on Lead vaccine molecules Vaccine op miza on Scaled-up produc on Delivery
NARS, Universi es, ARIs, Regional and
sub-regional R&D organiza ons, PPP
Target product profile Phase I, II, III trials Regulatory processes Con nued monitoring
PPP, Private sector, Regional networks, FAO, OIE, PANVAC,
AU-IBAR, NARs, NGOs
 How do we stimulate and sustain an African vaccine R & D pathway to achieve impact?
 How can we grow a biotech and vaccine manufacturing sector in Africa?
Mobilizing biosciences for
a food-secure Africa
Building biosciences capacity in Africa
Why?
• Small holder agriculture is crucial for Africa
• For the last 25 years the productivity of
small farmers has declined
• Availability and widespread use of quality
farm inputs & technologies developed
through biotechnology can improve
productivity
Building biosciences capacity in Africa
What?
Capacity buildingCollaborative research
Food safety
& security
Income
generation
Increased
trade
Climate
change Environmental
sustainability
Technologies
and services
Building biosciences capacity in Africa
• How can we build bio-sciences
capacity in Africa to move
from research results to
development impacts?
• How can we keep the BecA-ILRI
Hub relevant to the research
needs and context of African
scientists?
The presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI.
better lives through livestock
ilri.org

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AASW: Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction

  • 1. Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction International Livestock Research Institute 6th Africa Agricultural Science Week Accra International Conference Centre (executive room 4) 15 July 2013 - 09.00-12.00
  • 2. ILRI’s strategy Livestock research for food security and poverty reduction
  • 3. Strategy in context • ILRI in the CGIAR • Livestock in Africa • Strategic issues • Elements of strategy • Topics for discussion
  • 4. ILRI – a member of the CGIAR Consortium CGIAR consortium ILRI strategy Global livestock issues
  • 5. Why bother with the livestock sector in Africa?
  • 6. 3 out of 6 of the highest value African commodities are livestock Source: FAOSTAT, 2013
  • 7. FAO, 2012 Annual % growth in consumption of livestock products between 1995 and 2005
  • 9. Strategic issues Improve food security Deliver at scale Empower women Employ diverse approaches Address health and environmental problems Use new science Increase investments Develop capacity Ensure fit for purpose
  • 10. Growth scenarios for livestock systems • ‘Strong growth’ – Where good market access and increasing productivity provide opportunities for continued smallholder participation. • ‘Fragile growth’ – Where remoteness, marginal land resources or agroclimatic vulnerability restrict intensification. • ‘High growth with externalities’ – Fast changing livestock systems potentially damaging the environment and human health • Different research and development challenges for poverty, food security, health and nutrition, environment
  • 11. Mission (Purpose) WHY ILRI exists WHAT ILRI does HOW the strategy is operationalized Strategic objectives (informed by strategic issues – external and internal environment)) Critical success factors performance areas overlapping do NOT map to structure Key elements
  • 12. Mission and vision ILRI envisions a world where all people have access to enough food and livelihood options to fulfill their potential. ILRI’s mission is to improve food and nutritional security and to reduce poverty in developing countries through research for efficient, safe and sustainable use of livestock—ensuring better lives through livestock.
  • 13. What’s new? • Long term strategy • Outcomes and impacts (accountable; attribution; alignment) • Diversity: trajectories; species; ILRI strengths; partners • Livestock ‘goods’ and ‘bads’ • Mainstreaming gender; human health • Clientele: Beyond livestock producers; partners; capacity development
  • 14. ILRI acts in three (mutually reinforcing) areas • To prove that better use of livestock can make a big difference in enough people’s lives through improved practice. • To influence decision-makers so that they will increase investment in livestock systems. • To ensure there is sufficient capacity in developing countries and among investors to use increased investment effectively and efficiently.
  • 15. Strategic objective 1 ILRI and its partners will develop, test, adapt and promote science-based practices that—being sustainable and scalable— achieve better lives through livestock.
  • 16. Strategic objective 2 ILRI and its partners will provide compelling scientific evidence in ways that persuade decision- makers—from farms to boardrooms and parliaments— that smarter policies and bigger livestock investments can deliver significant socio-economic, health and environmental dividends to both poor nations and households.
  • 17. Strategic objective 3 ILRI and its partners will work to increase capacity amongst ILRI’s key stakeholders and the institute itself so that they can make better use of livestock science and investments for better lives through livestock.
  • 19. • The biomass crisis in intensifying smallholder systems • Vulnerability and risk in drylands • Food safety and aflatoxins • Vaccine biosciences • Mobilizing biosciences for a food-secure Africa
  • 20. The biomass crisis in intensifying smallholder systems
  • 21. The biomass crisis in intensifying smallholder systems Why does it matter? • Increasing livestock populations are putting pressure on demand for feed and increasing the competition for biomass • Feed is at the interface of positive and negative effects of livestock • Feed is most important input cost – feed: product price ratio increasing • Feed (biomass) is major user of natural resources (land, water) • Increased intensification increases feed efficiency and reduces GHG emissions, water use, biomass use
  • 22. The biomass crisis in intensifying smallholder systems… What are we doing about it? Using a value chain approach to: 1) make better use of existing feed resources, 2) produce more and better feeds; 3) encourage and facilitate feed trading, processing and small scale business enterprises around feed • Tools for assessing feed resources and for prioritizing feed interventions • Select, breed and disseminate improved food-feed crops and forages and identify new feed ingredients • Identify feed surplus: deficit areas, facilitate fodder markets and design context specific feed processing approaches • Consider environmental impacts, including competition for biomass in smallholder systems and GHG and water implications of intensification.
  • 23. The biomass crisis in intensifying smallholder systems… What is the next frontier? • Will demand for ASF in developing countries level out (contraction and convergence)? • What are the feed and biomass implications of increased demand for ASF? • Transitions vs sustainability • Technical vs. institutional solutions e.g. • Cellulolytic biomass upgrading? • More efficient livestock value chains? • Questions for discussion • What are the options for sustainable intensification through livestock feeding? • How can we best deal with the competition for biomass between livestock feeding and soil fertility?
  • 25. Vulnerability and risk in drylands Why does it matter? • Lots of livestock produced in the drylands • E.g. 80% if red meat consumed in Kenya • Risk inherent to dryland livestock production and risks are increasing • Renewed commitment from governments and donors to build resilience • Complex systems require innovative solutions from research and development
  • 26. Vulnerability and risk in drylands What are we doing about it? • Hosting a Technical Consortium to support investment plans for resilience • Active partner in the Drylands CRP • Piloting Index – Based Livestock Insurance • Northern Kenya, Ethiopia • Promoting equitable commercialization • Fostering better land management
  • 27. Vulnerability and risk in drylands What is the next frontier? • How can commercial pastoral livestock production lead to growth in risk-prone drylands? • Is there a long term role for livestock insurance in pastoral production systems?
  • 28. Food safety and aflatoxins
  • 29. Food safety and aflatoxins Why does it matter? • FBD is the most common disease in the world • FBD is the most serious agriculture associated disease • FBD is not just about illness: also livestock sector, trade and environmental impacts
  • 30. Food safety and aflatoxins What are we doing about it? • Targeting interventions to 9 high value, high nutrition, high risk livestock & fish chains • Working with crop-centers to strengthen public health aspects of aflatoxins
  • 31. Food safety and aflatoxins The big questions? • How to assure food safety in informal markets where most of the poor buy & sell? • How to wed food safety and nutrition? • Do aflatoxins stunt children as well as killing and causing liver cancer?
  • 33. ILRI will initially focus on five prioritized diseases  African swine fever (ASF) – swine African disease threatens the global $150 billion/year pig industry  Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) – cattle Regional losses to CBPP amount to ~ $60 million/year  East Coast fever (ECF) – cattle Regional losses exceed $300 million/year; kills ~ 1million cattle/year  Peste de petits ruminants (PPR) – small ruminants Losses in Kenya alone amount to ~ $13 million/year  Rift Valley Fever (RVF) – small ruminants, cattle and human 2006/7 outbreak in Kenya cost ~ $30 million 309 human cases in Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania; 140 deaths Vaccines save livestock and contribute to food security and poverty alleviation Importance of animal health control in Africa
  • 34. Vaccine Biosciences: new science platforms, new opportunities  Optimizing existing vaccines  Thermostabilization of attenuated viral vaccines  Establishing quality control and process improvement  Reverse vaccinology and immunology  Identification of vaccine antigens  Assessing protein and gene-based vaccine formulations   Pathogen & livestock genomics  Host and pathogen gene expression profiles  Pathogen population structure  Synthetic genomics  Manipulating bacterial genomes  Attenuating viruses by genome engineering ACTGGTACGTAGGGCATCGA TCGACATGATAGAGCATATA GCATGACGATGCGATCGACA GTCGACAGCTGACAGCTGAG GGTGACACCAGCTGCCAGCT GGACCACCATTAGGACAGAT GACCACACACAAATAGACGA TTAGGACCAGATGAGCCACA TTTTAGGAGGACACACACCA Bioinformatics tools Predict gene sequences and list candidate vaccine antigens Test experimental vaccine Clone genes of vaccine interest (100’s of genes) Filter genes via immunological assays Pathogen genome mining (1000’s of genes) Molecular immunology tools to assess immune responses in cattle (10’s genes)
  • 35. Vaccinology capacity in Africa? Marke ng Market assessment Proof-of-principle laboratory/field Clinical development Manufacturing Product development partnershipsResearch partnerships Disease selec on Lead vaccine molecules Vaccine op miza on Scaled-up produc on Delivery NARS, Universi es, ARIs, Regional and sub-regional R&D organiza ons, PPP Target product profile Phase I, II, III trials Regulatory processes Con nued monitoring PPP, Private sector, Regional networks, FAO, OIE, PANVAC, AU-IBAR, NARs, NGOs  How do we stimulate and sustain an African vaccine R & D pathway to achieve impact?  How can we grow a biotech and vaccine manufacturing sector in Africa?
  • 36. Mobilizing biosciences for a food-secure Africa
  • 37. Building biosciences capacity in Africa Why? • Small holder agriculture is crucial for Africa • For the last 25 years the productivity of small farmers has declined • Availability and widespread use of quality farm inputs & technologies developed through biotechnology can improve productivity
  • 38. Building biosciences capacity in Africa What? Capacity buildingCollaborative research Food safety & security Income generation Increased trade Climate change Environmental sustainability Technologies and services
  • 39. Building biosciences capacity in Africa • How can we build bio-sciences capacity in Africa to move from research results to development impacts? • How can we keep the BecA-ILRI Hub relevant to the research needs and context of African scientists?
  • 40. The presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI. better lives through livestock ilri.org

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. There MUST be a CGIAR logo or a CRP logo. You can copy and paste the logo you need from the final slide of this presentation. Then you can delete that final slide To replace a photo above, copy and paste this link in your browser: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ilri/sets/72157632057087650/detail/ Find a photo you like and the right size, copy and paste it in the block above.