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Improving food security in the Near East and
North Africa by reducing food losses and waste
and improving agri-food chain efficiency
Elhadi Yahia, Agro industry & Infrastructure
Officer, FAO/RNE, Cairo, Egypt
The Near East & North Africa Region is Food Insecure
Very limited natural resources (arable land, water),
increased population, urbanization, dietary changes
Produce less than 50% its food needs
Imports more than 60% of its food
Very high economic cost, hunger, prices fluctuations,
economic hardships on countries and individuals, social,
political, etc
The problem is worsening
Increased food production
Land reclamation
Deforestation
Excessive use of very limited resources:
(land, water, energy, chemicals, etc)
Excessive imports
Food insecure region
Per capita food loss: up to 250 Kg/year
About 16 million tons of wheat are lost/year:
enough to feed up to 100 million people (biggest
wheat exporter in the world)
Egypt:About 2.5 million tons of wheat are lost/year,
valued USD 1 billion
Egypt: 11 billion EGP losses in wheat, tomatoes and
oranges per year
Iran: 35 - 70% of the 44 million tons produced are
lost, enough to feed more than 20 million people
Excessive food losses and waste
Marketing Loss and Economic Resources Losses for some
Vegetables and Fruit Crops in Saudi Arabia
product
Losses, %
Farmland
losses
1000 ha
Water
losses
Million m3
Chemical
fertilizers losses
1000 ton
Tomatoes 14 2.56 21.54 1.79
Cucumber 12.1 0.35 2.63 0.24
Potato 10 1.37 10.74 2.26
Onions 5.2 0.21 1.62 0.09
Watermelon 5 0.82 7.4 0.55
Melon 5 0.73 6.56 0.49
Grape 5 0.38 8.99 0.11
Dates 13.8 19.52 539.92 3.9
(Al-Kahtani and Kaleefah, 2008)
May 2012: NERC-31st
“Request to FAO to assist member
countries in addressing the key challenges
of reducing food waste and losses in the
Near East and North Africa by conducting
comprehensive studies on impact of food
losses and waste on food security in the
region and in establishing a plan to reduce
food losses and waste in the region by 50%
within 10 years”
Established Priorities
1. Include “Reduction of food losses and waste to improve
food security” in national POLICIES AND STRATEGIES
2. CAPACITY BUILDING, EDUCATION,AWARENESS,
ADVOCACY of all the chain stakeholders, including
producers and consumers, on value chain improvement,
value addition, quality and safety systems, R&D, advocacy
3. Improve FOODVALUE CHAINS and increaseVALUE
ADDITION
4. Improve the INFRASTRUCTURE and their application,
especially the COLD CHAIN (the most important and
indispensable technology)
5. INCREASE INVESTMENT in the sector
6. CREATE INCENTIVES for reducing food losses and waste
 POLICIES AND STRATEGIES
Expert Consultation Meeting on Food
Losses and Waste Reduction in the Near
East Region: Towards a Regional
Comprehensive Strategy
Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt 18-19 December, 2012
FOUR MAINTHEMES
The extents, effects and causes of food
losses and waste in the region
Improving food security by reducing food
losses and waste
Technical means to reduce food losses and
waste,
Developing effective policies and strategies
to reduce food losses and waste
Policies and Strategies
Comprehensive Studies on Food Losses and Waste:
to assess the knowledge we have, to establish data bases, to
identify gaps and areas for further study
Recompilation of all the studies done in
the region or on the region, regarding food
losses and waste up to now, 2014
Role of Agro-industry in Reducing Food Losses
in the Middle East and North Africa Region
Adel A. Kader et al. 2012, Available at:
http://neareast.fao.org
A strategy formed by 4 components, drawn from the
causes and represent areas of opportunity
Regional Strategic Framework for Food
Loss and Waste Reduction
DATA GATHERING, ANALYTICAL
RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE
GENERATION
AWARENESS RAISING,
PROMOTING GOOD PRACTICES
PROMOTING INVESTMENT AND
ENGAGING THE PRIVATE SECTOR
POLICIES, REGULATIONS
& STRENGTHEN COLLABORATION
AND COORDINATION
POLICIES AND STRATEGIES
 Developing and implementing a REGIONAL
STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK to Reduce Food Losses
and FoodWaste by 50% within 10 years
Research and
Development
ACTIONS
ACTIVITIES
Raising Awareness
and promoting good
practices at all levels
of the supply chain
ACTIONS
ACTIVITIES
Policy development,
collaboration and
coordination
ACTIONS
ACTIVITIES
Investment in
programmes and
projects
ACTIONS
ACTIVITIES
Save Food GLOBAL Initiative on Food Loss and Waste Reduction
• The Strategic Framework for Food Losses and Waste Reduction
in the NENA Region discussed, refined and adopted by member
countries representatives and stakeholders
Strategic Framework Endorsed by NERC-32, Feb. 2014
Regional Strategic Framework
 2014-2024
 Endorsed by stakeholders, member countries, NERC 32
 Developed through a consultative process: ECM Sharm
2012, RMSW Tunis 2013, External/internal review,
Extensive review of literature
 Targeted national actions, regional collaboration
 Closely aligned to SAVE FOOD, the Global Initiative on
Food Loss and Waste Reduction
 The strategy emerged from analysis of the constraints
which have prevented FL&W reduction thus far:
Inadequate data
Lack of awareness and technical capacity
Non-existent or inappropriate policies and regulations
Gaps in institutions and coordination
Insufficient investment
The strategy is formed by 4 components, which are drawn
from the constraints and represent areas of opportunity
Three considerations need to be
taken into account for
prioritizing action:
The value chains:
Commodity groups of economic,
cultural and agricultural relevance
The nature of the problem:
The stage(s) of the supply chain
primarily responsible for waste
The constraint:
Characteristics of national food systems
which have prevented FL&W reduction
thus far
The strategy is formed by 4 components, which represent
constraints and areas of opportunity
Data gathering, analytical research and knowledge generation
• Identifying data and information gaps
• Undertake joint research projects to generate data and analysis
• Collaborate with national and international research and development institutions
Awareness raising and promotion of good practices
• Developing public awareness campaigns
• Developing and promoting relevant and practical procedures and technologies
• Investing in capacity building
Develop policies and regulations, and strengthen collaboration, coordination and
networking
• Developing an enabling policy environment for FL&W reduction
• Ensuring collaboration and coordination between all agents of the food supply chain and other
stakeholders, including relevant government institutions
• Establishing regional and international networking
• Create a Coordination Mechanism for the Management of FL&W Reduction
Promoting investment and engaging the private sector
• Attracting investment to improve commodity supply chains
• Investing in appropriate farming technologies and household equipment
• Investments in use and reuse of FL&W
• Financing actions likely to have immediate impact
50% food losses and waste reduction is not only a target in
itself, but a pillar of REGIONAL FOOD SECURITY
The actions needed to reduce FLW will achieve a set of
interrelated objectives, with important links to FAO RNE
REGIONAL INITIATIVES
Increasing the
efficiency of
the food
system
RI FSN-resilience
Making better
use of scarce
natural
resources in
the food
system
RI WSI
Increasing the
agriculture
sector’s
contribution to
growth and
stability
RI SCA
Implementation and Follow-up
 Key national role
Strategic national action
and regional collaboration
for FL&W reduction:
- Action planning and
implementation
- Coordination
- Monitoring and oversight
- Leadership at the regional level
 Regional Movement
 CFS-FAO Regional Multi-
stakeholderWorkshop and the
NERC: provide occasion to take
stock, share experience, and assess
progress towards the regional goal
of 50% FL&W reduction.
 NENA Regional FL&W
Network- a mechanism for
knowledge sharing
 Opportunities for bilateral, sub
regional and regional
collaborative action
Underpinning this is the support of FAO/RNE, FAO sub regional
offices, and FAO Representations in collaboration with RNE member
countries
Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy
REGIONAL MULTI-STAKEHOLDERWORKSHOP ON FOOD
SECURITY AND NUTRITION
Jointly organized by the FAO/RNE and the CFS, 17-18 September 2012, Sudan
Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy
 SAVE FOOD Regional Network: to strengthen
coordination among national and regional public and
private institutions, member countries to build a
COMMUNITY OF EXPERTISE ON FOOD
LOSSES ANDWASTE IN OUR REGION
SAVE FOOD Regional Network
Coordinating Board
of the Network
Secretariat
F FFF FF 2 3
Regional States Level
1
NGOs
Research
Institutions
Universities
Private
Sector
FFocal
Point
WG2
WG1
WG3
4
Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy
http://www.save-food.net/
A web-based integrated,
multilingual regional
information and
communication system
RNE Save Food online site for publications,
media, news and events
Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy
Developed documentaries to raise awareness
Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy
TECHNICAL COOPERATION PROGRAMME
(TCP): Capacity Building for Food Loss Reduction in
the Near East
A large scale educational training programme (including assessments and
workshops) to STRENGTHEN NATIONAL CAPACITY
of local leaders, managers and extension personnel in four countries on
improved
VALUE CHAIN MANAGEMENT
For food producers, handlers, processors, distributors and marketers.
Improve food value chains and value addition
Regional Workshop: Value addition and quality
and safety management systems,
Oman, 1-4 Dec 2012
Training program on honey value chain, UAE,
18-20 Nov 2013
Regional Workshop on the Improvement of the Dates
Value Chain in the Near East and North Africa Region
Kuwait, 9-12 Dec 2013
Regional Conference on Food Security and Income
Generation Through Reduction of Losses and Waste in
Fisheries, 24 – 26 Nov 2013, Mauritania
Improve food value chains and value addition
Value Chain Finance: Regional Training Workshop,
Khartoum, 11-14 Nov 2013
Translation into Arabic and
publishing of a book on Value Chain
Finance, 2013
Preparation and publishing of a Manual on
Value Chain of Beekeeping and Honey, 2014
MANUAL ON APICULTURE
A VALUABLE AND FEASIBLE
RURAL CRAFT
IMPROVMENT OFTHE INFRASTRUCTURE:THE COLD CHAIN
Experts gathered to discuss,
1. Status and challenges of the cold chain in the:
- horticultural food industry
- fish industry
- dairy industry
- meat industry
2. Extension and technology transfer in the cold chain sector in the region
Improve cold chain infrastructure
 RegionalTraining ofTrainers on Means to
improve the Cold chain for Food Sector in the
MENA region, Morocco 28 - 31 May 2012
Cold Chain for Perishable
Foods, 2012
 Developing a Cold Chain Policy Brief in the
Near East and North Africa, 2014
 This brief draws on regional expertise to provide a
concise summary of the issue, the policy options to deal
with it, and recommendations.
Building partnerships with organizations
who can benefit from reductions in food
losses and waste, or alternative uses for
food waste
- Feed hungry people
- Feed animals
- Feed plants (compost)
Initiatives & advances in some member countries
Saudi Arabia
Egypt
UAE
Iraq
Iran
Tunisia
Oman
‫إستماعكم‬ ‫حسن‬ ‫على‬ ‫جزيال‬ ‫شكرا‬

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Improving food security in the Near East and North Africa by reducing food losses and waste and improving agri-food chain efficiency

  • 1. Improving food security in the Near East and North Africa by reducing food losses and waste and improving agri-food chain efficiency Elhadi Yahia, Agro industry & Infrastructure Officer, FAO/RNE, Cairo, Egypt
  • 2. The Near East & North Africa Region is Food Insecure
  • 3. Very limited natural resources (arable land, water), increased population, urbanization, dietary changes Produce less than 50% its food needs Imports more than 60% of its food Very high economic cost, hunger, prices fluctuations, economic hardships on countries and individuals, social, political, etc The problem is worsening Increased food production Land reclamation Deforestation Excessive use of very limited resources: (land, water, energy, chemicals, etc) Excessive imports Food insecure region
  • 4. Per capita food loss: up to 250 Kg/year About 16 million tons of wheat are lost/year: enough to feed up to 100 million people (biggest wheat exporter in the world) Egypt:About 2.5 million tons of wheat are lost/year, valued USD 1 billion Egypt: 11 billion EGP losses in wheat, tomatoes and oranges per year Iran: 35 - 70% of the 44 million tons produced are lost, enough to feed more than 20 million people Excessive food losses and waste
  • 5. Marketing Loss and Economic Resources Losses for some Vegetables and Fruit Crops in Saudi Arabia product Losses, % Farmland losses 1000 ha Water losses Million m3 Chemical fertilizers losses 1000 ton Tomatoes 14 2.56 21.54 1.79 Cucumber 12.1 0.35 2.63 0.24 Potato 10 1.37 10.74 2.26 Onions 5.2 0.21 1.62 0.09 Watermelon 5 0.82 7.4 0.55 Melon 5 0.73 6.56 0.49 Grape 5 0.38 8.99 0.11 Dates 13.8 19.52 539.92 3.9 (Al-Kahtani and Kaleefah, 2008)
  • 6. May 2012: NERC-31st “Request to FAO to assist member countries in addressing the key challenges of reducing food waste and losses in the Near East and North Africa by conducting comprehensive studies on impact of food losses and waste on food security in the region and in establishing a plan to reduce food losses and waste in the region by 50% within 10 years”
  • 7. Established Priorities 1. Include “Reduction of food losses and waste to improve food security” in national POLICIES AND STRATEGIES 2. CAPACITY BUILDING, EDUCATION,AWARENESS, ADVOCACY of all the chain stakeholders, including producers and consumers, on value chain improvement, value addition, quality and safety systems, R&D, advocacy 3. Improve FOODVALUE CHAINS and increaseVALUE ADDITION 4. Improve the INFRASTRUCTURE and their application, especially the COLD CHAIN (the most important and indispensable technology) 5. INCREASE INVESTMENT in the sector 6. CREATE INCENTIVES for reducing food losses and waste
  • 8.  POLICIES AND STRATEGIES Expert Consultation Meeting on Food Losses and Waste Reduction in the Near East Region: Towards a Regional Comprehensive Strategy Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt 18-19 December, 2012 FOUR MAINTHEMES The extents, effects and causes of food losses and waste in the region Improving food security by reducing food losses and waste Technical means to reduce food losses and waste, Developing effective policies and strategies to reduce food losses and waste
  • 9. Policies and Strategies Comprehensive Studies on Food Losses and Waste: to assess the knowledge we have, to establish data bases, to identify gaps and areas for further study Recompilation of all the studies done in the region or on the region, regarding food losses and waste up to now, 2014 Role of Agro-industry in Reducing Food Losses in the Middle East and North Africa Region Adel A. Kader et al. 2012, Available at: http://neareast.fao.org
  • 10. A strategy formed by 4 components, drawn from the causes and represent areas of opportunity Regional Strategic Framework for Food Loss and Waste Reduction DATA GATHERING, ANALYTICAL RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE GENERATION AWARENESS RAISING, PROMOTING GOOD PRACTICES PROMOTING INVESTMENT AND ENGAGING THE PRIVATE SECTOR POLICIES, REGULATIONS & STRENGTHEN COLLABORATION AND COORDINATION
  • 11. POLICIES AND STRATEGIES  Developing and implementing a REGIONAL STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK to Reduce Food Losses and FoodWaste by 50% within 10 years Research and Development ACTIONS ACTIVITIES Raising Awareness and promoting good practices at all levels of the supply chain ACTIONS ACTIVITIES Policy development, collaboration and coordination ACTIONS ACTIVITIES Investment in programmes and projects ACTIONS ACTIVITIES Save Food GLOBAL Initiative on Food Loss and Waste Reduction
  • 12. • The Strategic Framework for Food Losses and Waste Reduction in the NENA Region discussed, refined and adopted by member countries representatives and stakeholders
  • 13. Strategic Framework Endorsed by NERC-32, Feb. 2014
  • 14. Regional Strategic Framework  2014-2024  Endorsed by stakeholders, member countries, NERC 32  Developed through a consultative process: ECM Sharm 2012, RMSW Tunis 2013, External/internal review, Extensive review of literature  Targeted national actions, regional collaboration  Closely aligned to SAVE FOOD, the Global Initiative on Food Loss and Waste Reduction  The strategy emerged from analysis of the constraints which have prevented FL&W reduction thus far: Inadequate data Lack of awareness and technical capacity Non-existent or inappropriate policies and regulations Gaps in institutions and coordination Insufficient investment
  • 15. The strategy is formed by 4 components, which are drawn from the constraints and represent areas of opportunity Three considerations need to be taken into account for prioritizing action: The value chains: Commodity groups of economic, cultural and agricultural relevance The nature of the problem: The stage(s) of the supply chain primarily responsible for waste The constraint: Characteristics of national food systems which have prevented FL&W reduction thus far
  • 16. The strategy is formed by 4 components, which represent constraints and areas of opportunity Data gathering, analytical research and knowledge generation • Identifying data and information gaps • Undertake joint research projects to generate data and analysis • Collaborate with national and international research and development institutions Awareness raising and promotion of good practices • Developing public awareness campaigns • Developing and promoting relevant and practical procedures and technologies • Investing in capacity building Develop policies and regulations, and strengthen collaboration, coordination and networking • Developing an enabling policy environment for FL&W reduction • Ensuring collaboration and coordination between all agents of the food supply chain and other stakeholders, including relevant government institutions • Establishing regional and international networking • Create a Coordination Mechanism for the Management of FL&W Reduction Promoting investment and engaging the private sector • Attracting investment to improve commodity supply chains • Investing in appropriate farming technologies and household equipment • Investments in use and reuse of FL&W • Financing actions likely to have immediate impact
  • 17. 50% food losses and waste reduction is not only a target in itself, but a pillar of REGIONAL FOOD SECURITY The actions needed to reduce FLW will achieve a set of interrelated objectives, with important links to FAO RNE REGIONAL INITIATIVES Increasing the efficiency of the food system RI FSN-resilience Making better use of scarce natural resources in the food system RI WSI Increasing the agriculture sector’s contribution to growth and stability RI SCA
  • 18. Implementation and Follow-up  Key national role Strategic national action and regional collaboration for FL&W reduction: - Action planning and implementation - Coordination - Monitoring and oversight - Leadership at the regional level  Regional Movement  CFS-FAO Regional Multi- stakeholderWorkshop and the NERC: provide occasion to take stock, share experience, and assess progress towards the regional goal of 50% FL&W reduction.  NENA Regional FL&W Network- a mechanism for knowledge sharing  Opportunities for bilateral, sub regional and regional collaborative action Underpinning this is the support of FAO/RNE, FAO sub regional offices, and FAO Representations in collaboration with RNE member countries
  • 19. Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy REGIONAL MULTI-STAKEHOLDERWORKSHOP ON FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION Jointly organized by the FAO/RNE and the CFS, 17-18 September 2012, Sudan
  • 20. Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy  SAVE FOOD Regional Network: to strengthen coordination among national and regional public and private institutions, member countries to build a COMMUNITY OF EXPERTISE ON FOOD LOSSES ANDWASTE IN OUR REGION SAVE FOOD Regional Network Coordinating Board of the Network Secretariat F FFF FF 2 3 Regional States Level 1 NGOs Research Institutions Universities Private Sector FFocal Point WG2 WG1 WG3 4
  • 21. Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy http://www.save-food.net/ A web-based integrated, multilingual regional information and communication system
  • 22. RNE Save Food online site for publications, media, news and events
  • 23. Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy Developed documentaries to raise awareness
  • 24. Capacity building, education, awareness, advocacy TECHNICAL COOPERATION PROGRAMME (TCP): Capacity Building for Food Loss Reduction in the Near East A large scale educational training programme (including assessments and workshops) to STRENGTHEN NATIONAL CAPACITY of local leaders, managers and extension personnel in four countries on improved VALUE CHAIN MANAGEMENT For food producers, handlers, processors, distributors and marketers.
  • 25. Improve food value chains and value addition Regional Workshop: Value addition and quality and safety management systems, Oman, 1-4 Dec 2012 Training program on honey value chain, UAE, 18-20 Nov 2013 Regional Workshop on the Improvement of the Dates Value Chain in the Near East and North Africa Region Kuwait, 9-12 Dec 2013 Regional Conference on Food Security and Income Generation Through Reduction of Losses and Waste in Fisheries, 24 – 26 Nov 2013, Mauritania
  • 26. Improve food value chains and value addition Value Chain Finance: Regional Training Workshop, Khartoum, 11-14 Nov 2013 Translation into Arabic and publishing of a book on Value Chain Finance, 2013 Preparation and publishing of a Manual on Value Chain of Beekeeping and Honey, 2014 MANUAL ON APICULTURE A VALUABLE AND FEASIBLE RURAL CRAFT
  • 27. IMPROVMENT OFTHE INFRASTRUCTURE:THE COLD CHAIN Experts gathered to discuss, 1. Status and challenges of the cold chain in the: - horticultural food industry - fish industry - dairy industry - meat industry 2. Extension and technology transfer in the cold chain sector in the region
  • 28. Improve cold chain infrastructure  RegionalTraining ofTrainers on Means to improve the Cold chain for Food Sector in the MENA region, Morocco 28 - 31 May 2012 Cold Chain for Perishable Foods, 2012  Developing a Cold Chain Policy Brief in the Near East and North Africa, 2014  This brief draws on regional expertise to provide a concise summary of the issue, the policy options to deal with it, and recommendations.
  • 29. Building partnerships with organizations who can benefit from reductions in food losses and waste, or alternative uses for food waste - Feed hungry people - Feed animals - Feed plants (compost)
  • 30. Initiatives & advances in some member countries Saudi Arabia Egypt UAE Iraq Iran Tunisia Oman
  • 31. ‫إستماعكم‬ ‫حسن‬ ‫على‬ ‫جزيال‬ ‫شكرا‬