Strengthening capacity for data-driven policy and programming decisions that promote healthy diets: the International Dietary Data Expansion Project (INDDEX), by Jennifer Coates, Associate Professor Feinstein International Center – Tufts University
"www.fao.org/about/meetings/sustainable-food-systems-nutrition-symposium
The International Symposium on Sustainable Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Improved Nutrition was jointly held by FAO and WHO in December 2016 to explore policies and programme options for shaping the food systems in ways that deliver foods for a healthy diet, focusing on concrete country experiences and challenges. This Symposium waas the first large-scale contribution under the UN Decade of Action for Nutrition 2016-2025. This presentation was part of Parallel session 3.1: Designing, implementing and monitoring evidence-based policies effectively with multiple actors"
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Strengthening capacity for data-driven policy and programming decisions that promote healthy diets: the International Dietary Data Expansion Project (INDDEX), by Jennifer Coates, Associate Professor Feinstein International Center – Tufts University
1.
2. JENNIFER COATES, PHD
TUFTS UNIVERSITY FRIEDMAN SCHOOL OF NUTRITION SCIENCE AND POLICY
FAO-WHO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS FOR
HEALTHY DIETS AND IMPROVED NUTRITION
ROME, DECEMBER 1-2, 2016
STRENGTHENING FOOD CONSUMPTION
INFORMATION SYSTEMS TO PROMOTE HEALTHY
DIETS: INDDEX PROJECT
3. DIET
AGRICULTURE
NUTRITION AND
HEALTH STATUS
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
Individual level dietary data are critical for
evidence-based decision-making
Source: Coates J and Herforth A, presentation to BMGF Grand Challenges Meeting,
October 6, 2014.
Inform food safety policy
Monitor national food policies and plans
Understand links between production and consumption
Understand how local and wild foods contribute to adequate diets
Understand differences in dietary intakes by age and sex
Assess the sustainability implications of food choice
Track progress toward the SDGs
Monitor dietary shifts toward ultra-processed foods
Calibrate Other Food Security Indicators
4. Recent, nationally representative, publically
available individual dietary surveys are lacking
Source: adapted from Pisa et al., Critical Reviews in Food Science and
Nutrition, 2014
5. Bottlenecks limiting availability, access, and
use of individual level dietary data
Time consuming
to prepare and
implement
Weak national &
global research
infrastructure
Low capacity
7. Increasing use of food consumption data
Regional
reach
Country
Reach
(2)
Global Reach
Burkina Faso and Bangladesh:
Targeted dietary assessment and
ADePT/HCES training
Supported, collaborative process
of implementing dietary intake
surveys and analyzing data
Investments in key food
consumption survey inputs
Decision-support through policy
demonstration analyses
8. Increasing use of Food Consumption Data
Regional and Global
Interactive guidelines and training materials
for individual diet assessment
Revised ADePT software and guidance
Dietary data from FAO/WHO GIFT accessed
through infographics and user-friendly
interface
Regional virtual working groups
Decision-support through unifying indicator
framework
Advocacy and demand generation
9. Key Message
Improved availability, access, and use of food
consumption data are vital to evidence-based
decision making for sustainable, healthy diets.
Until recently, low global investment and capacity
has hindered widespread food consumption data
collection.
A determined, multi-stakeholder coalition is breaking
down bottlenecks to scale up global food
consumption information systems.
The INDDEX Project is implemented by Tufts University’s Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy with funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
We care because we want to continue to understand, predict, and take action to improve
Relationships between diet and normal growth, functional integrity, nutrition-related non-communicable diseases.
How elements of the food system affect nutritional status through diets
How policies and programs can affect the food system to shape positive dietary outcomes
What we eat has a major impact on climate, water, soil, biodiversity -
When individual level dietary data does exist they are usually neither nationally representative nor publically available.
***************
1) The findings from Pisa et al. (2014) illustrate this point nicely. In a review of available individual level data in Africa they found 42 recent individual quantitative food consumption surveys from 17 countries however they were mainly small scale surveys and not necessarily publically available.
For example, the last diet survey in Bangladesh was done in 1996, nearly 30 years ago. And yet, we know that diet patterns have shifted radically in Bangladesh, so that an estimated 22% if the population is now overweight (nearly 18% in rural areas). How did that country get to where it is now? We need to fill in the missing pieces of the puzzle.
Issue of bottlenecks and constraints that inhibit collection of individual level dietary data
*****************
High time cost
Surveys are typically collected using pen and paper-based surveys in low-income countries rather than mobile technologies.
Time consuming to gather all the needed components
Long lags from data collection to entry to results
2. Infrastructure
There has been limited investment in the research infrastructure needed to collect and process dietary data.
Context-specific food composition tables are needed to convert food consumption data into energy and nutrient data. Despite their importance, FCTs are often of variable quality. They are also not always publicly accessible or available in formats that are useful to researchers. FCTs – nutrient values vary by region
Many of the other inputs necessary to collect and process individual-level dietary data are not publicly accessible
There is no public central repository for the results of dietary surveys (like the international household survey network, or FAOSTAT)
3. Capacity
There is limited capacity in many LICs to collect, process, and analyze these data.
Perceived to be too technical, in the purview of nutritionists, despite the fact that there are few nutritionists trained to collect data, and despite the fact that interest in use of the data cuts across sectors to include ag, food as well as health.
Lack of familiarity with how to analyze dietary data for policy purposes
1.
Mobile data collection application for 24 hour dietary recall
Tablet-loaded
Real-time processing
2. Web-based database of key inputs into diet assessment:
Food composition
Conversion factors
Standardized recipes
Retention factors
Centralized, national and/or regional repository, integrated with the data collection app.
3. FAO/WHO GIFT: Dietary data globally and freely accessible in a user-friendly format
4. Scaled up availability and accessibility of dietary data
the 24 hour recall will become cost-effective if the needed inputs (portion size conversions, standardized recipes, food lists, FCTs) are centralized and accessible, and if there are clear simple tools for collecting and processing the data. If these things are in place, then it does not need to be any more onerous than implementing a module on food expenditures, for instance, which is something that most countries commit to doing as part of a complex household income and expenditure survey ever 4-5 years. Once the inputs are in place, they can be used, repeated, recycled for future surveys with minor updates.
Slide 7: Thank you
Thank you for your attention
Recognize our partner organizations and funder (if there’s time, if not just flash on screen)