The document summarizes the music of the Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods. In the Medieval period, Gregorian chant developed as the central tradition of Western plainchant in the Catholic church. Troubadours also rose to prominence exploring secular themes like love. In the Renaissance, polyphonic music like masses and madrigals flourished with composers like Palestrina. The Baroque period saw new instrumental techniques and genres like the concerto, fugue, and oratorio with influential composers such as Bach, Vivaldi, and Handel.

1. (700-1400)
MUSIC OF MEDIEVAL
PERIOD

2. MEDIEVAL PERIOD
• Also known as “Middle Ages” or “Dark
Ages” that started the fall of the Roman
Empire
• Monophonic plainchart was named after
Pope Gregory I, who made this the
approved music of the Catholic chart.

3. GREGORIAN CHANTS
• Gregorian chant is the
central tradition of
Western plainchant, a
form of monophonic,
unaccompanied sacred
song of the western
Roman Catholic Church.

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF GREGORIAN
CHANTS
•Monophonic
•Free meter
•Modal
•Usually based on latin liturgy

5. TROUBADOURS
• In a time dominated by the
Church, troubadours
became well-known
secular entertainers
moving beyond religious
themes and exploring love
and politics. Troubadours
rose to prominence in the
High Middle Ages.

6. TROUBADOUR MUSIC
•Usually monophonic
•Sometimes improvised
accompaniment
•Tells of chivalry and courtly love
•Originated in France
•Written in french

7. ADAM DE LA HALLE,
FRANCE, 1237-1288
• Also known as Adam le Bossu (Adam the
Hunchback)
• He is one of the oldest secular composers
• He was a poet and musician
• Famous composition:
a.Le Jeu de Robin et de Marion
b.Le Chanson du roi de Sicile

8. ADAM DE LA HALLE,
FRANCE, 1237-1288

9. HILDEGARD VON BIGEN
• writer, composer, philosopher, Christian mystic,
visionary, and polymath

10. MUSIC OF
RENAISSANCE PERIOD
(1400-1600)

11. RENAISSANCE
• It means “rebirth”, “revival”, and
“rediscovery”. It is the period of looking
back to the Golden Age of Greece and
Rome.
• Historical facts:
a.Discovery of the actual position of earth in
the solar system by Copernicus.
b.Invention of compass creating wider
navigation to lands and oceans.

12. RENAISSANCE MUSIC
• Though sacred music was still of great
importance, secular music became more
prominent in the renaissance period.
• This era was also known as the “golden
age” of a capella choral music.
• It is described to be more fuller, emotional,
and expressive than medieval times.

13. CHARACTERISTICS OF
RENAISSANCE MUSIC
•Mostly polyphonic
•Imitation among the voices is
common
•Use of word painting in texts and
music
•Vocal music is more important than
instrumental music

14. VOCAL MUSIC
OF
RENAISSANCE
PERIOD

15. MASS
• Is a form of sacred musical composition that
sets texts of the Eucharistic liturgy into music.
• One important feature of these masses is
imitation (echoed entrances) which are also
expanded in vocal range and length.
C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S O F M A S S
Polyphonic
May be sung a cappella or with orchestral
accompaniment

16. FIVE MAIN SECTION OF MASS

17. MADRIGAL
•A secular vocal polyphonic
music composition which
originated from Italy.
•It is the most secular form in
this era, it is for courtly social
gatherings and usually about
love.

18. CHARACTERISTICS OF
MADRIGAL
•Secular polyphonic
•Sung a capella
•Frequently in 3 to 6 voices

19. INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC OF
RENAISSANCE PERIOD
•It was less important than
vocal music but they
continue to flourish.
Renaissance
Ensemble
Lute

20. GIOVANNI PIERLUIGI DA
PALESTRINA (1525-1594)
•He is the greatest master of Roman
Catholic church music during
Renaissance period.
•Majority his work are sacred music .
•He planned to become a priest but
eventually changed his mind and
married wealthy widow with two sons.

21. GIOVANNI PIERLUIGI DA
PALESTRINA (1525-1594)
• Palestrina’s compositions
are considered as perfect
sacred music.
• He entitled as “the Prince of
Music”
• Example of his works:
Pope Marcellus Mass Gloria
Palestrina

22. THOMAS MORLEY
(1557-1602)
•He was born in Norwich, East
England.
•A singer in the local cathedral
from his boyhood and became
master of choristers there in
1583.

23. THOMAS MORLEY
(1557-1602)
•His works:
a.Fire , Fire, My
Heart
b.April is in my
Mistress’ Face

24. MUSIC OF THE BAROQUE
PERIOD (1685-1750)

25. BAROQUE PERIOD
•Baroque was derived from the
Portuguese word “barroco” means
“pearl of irregular shape”.
•New instrumental techniques and
changes in musical notation were
developed.
•Major and minor tonality was also
created in this period.

26. CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE MUSIC
• Melodies are not easy to sing and
remember
• Dynamic contrast- alternation between
loud and soft
• Music genres- operas, oratorios, suites,
toccatas, concerto grosso, fugue,
• Orchestra consists of strings and continuo

27. MUSIC GENRES OF
BAROQUE MUSIC

28. 1. CONCERTO
•A form of orchestral music
that employs a solo
instrument accompanied by
an orchestra

29. 2. CONCERTO GROSSO
• A form of orchestral music during the
Baroque period wherein the music between
a small group of solo instruments called
concertino the whole orchestra called tutti.
• Sample: Handel’s Concerto Grosso for two
violins, cello, strings and basso continuo

30. 3. FUGUE
•Developed mainly by imitative
counterpoint.
•The entire piece grows mainly
from a single brief tune of strong
musical character.
•Sample: Bach’s Toccata and
Fugue in D minor

31. 4. ORATORIO
•A large scale musical composition for
orchestra and voices that incorporates
narratives on religious theme. It is
usually performed without the use of
costumes and scenery or action.
•Samples: Handel’s Messiah, Bach”s
Christmas Oratorio and Haydn’s “The
Creation”.

32. 5. CHORALE
•Musical compositions that resemble a
harmonized version of hymnal tunes
of the Protestant church during the
Baroque era.
•Sample: Baroque Chorale and
Chorale Trio

33. COMPOSERS OF
BAROQUE PERIOD

34. JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH
(1685-1750)
• He came from the family of musicians. He was
taught to play violin by his father who was then
the town musician.
• He is a beautiful soprano singing voice.
• When his voice changed, he focused in playing
violin and harpsichord.

35. HIS WORKS:
• Concerto grosso
• Masses
• Cantatas- is a vocal composition with
an instrumental accompaniment often
involving a choir.
• Fugues
• Works for clavichord and harpsichord

36. ANTONIO VIVALDI
(1678-1741)
• His nickname is “the Red Priest” because of
his red hair, he is a Italian baroque
composer.
• He is a catholic priest and virtuoso violinist.
• He is known mainly for composing
instrumental concertos, especially for the
violin as well as sacred choral works.

37. • His famous piece is
“The Four Season”-
this is a series of four
seasons, “Spring”,
“Summer”, “Autumn”
and “Winter”.
ANTONIO VIVALDI
(1678-1741)

38. GEORGE FRIEDRICH HANDEL
•Handel is remember for his
operas and oratorios.
•Handel lost both of his
eyesight in 1753.

39. GEORGE FRIEDRICH HANDEL
FAMOUS
COMPOSITION
The Handel’s
Messiah