Promoting human rights and responsibilities

Promoting Human Rights
and Responsibilities
Prepared and Presented by:
Ernesto E. Empig, DiSDS
Professor: Dr. Marilou S. Nanaman

What is Human Rights?
•Human: noun
A member of the Homo sapiens species; a man, woman
or child; a person.
•Rights: noun
Things to which you are entitled or allowed; freedoms
that are guaranteed.
•Human Rights: noun
The rights you have simply because you are human.
http://www.humanrights.com/what-are-human-rights.html
PreparedandPresentedby:ErnestoE.Empig,DiSDS

What is Human Rights?
Human rights are rights inherent to all human
beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence,
sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion,
language, or any other status.We are all equally
entitled to our human rights without discrimination.
These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and
indivisible.
-- Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Pages/WhatareHumanRights.aspx

A BRIEF HISTORY OF
HUMAN RIGHTS

The Cyrus Cylinder (539 B.C.)
The decrees Cyrus made
on human rights were
inscribed in the
Akkadian language on a
baked-clay cylinder.
http://www.humanrights.com/

The Spread of Human Rights
Cyrus the Great, the first
king of Persia, freed the
slaves of Babylon, 539
B.C.

The Magna Carta (1215)
Magna Carta, or “Great
Charter,” signed by the
King of England in 1215,
was a turning point in
human rights.

Petition of Right (1628)
In 1628 the English
Parliament sent this
statement of civil
liberties to King Charles
I.

United States Declaration of Independence
(1776)
In 1776,Thomas
Jefferson penned the
American Declaration of
Independence.

The Constitution of the United States of
America (1787) and Bill of Rights (1791)
The Bill of Rights of the
US Constitution protects
basic freedoms of United
States citizens.

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the
Citizen (1789)
Following the French
Revolution in 1789, the
Declaration of the Rights of
Man and of the Citizen
granted specific freedoms
from oppression, as an
“expression of the general
will.”

The First Geneva Convention (1864)
The original document
from the first Geneva
Convention in 1864
provided for care to
wounded soldiers.

The United Nations (1945)
Fifty nations met in San
Francisco in 1945 and
formed the United
Nations to protect and
promote peace.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(1948)
The Universal
Declaration of Human
Rights has inspired a
number of other human
rights laws and treaties
throughout the world.

UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS - AN INTRODUCTION
United Nations
representatives from all
regions of the world
formally adopted the
Universal Declaration of
Human Rights on
December 10, 1948.

PREAMBLE
• foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world
• freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want
• human rights should be protected by the rule of law
• promote the development of friendly relations between nations
• promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom
• promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and
fundamental freedoms,
• understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance

1.WE ARE ALL BORN FREE AND EQUAL
All human beings are
born free and equal in
dignity and rights.

2. DON’T DISCRIMINATE
Everyone is entitled to all the
rights and freedoms set forth
in this Declaration, without
distinction of any kind, such
as race, colour, sex, language,
religion, political or other
opinion, national or social
origin, property, birth or other
status.

3.THE RIGHTTO LIFE
Everyone has the right to
life, liberty and security of
person.

4. NO SLAVERY
No one shall be held in
slavery or servitude;
slavery and the slave
trade shall be prohibited
in all their forms.

5. NOTORTURE
No one shall be
subjected to torture or
to cruel, inhuman or
degrading treatment or
punishment.

6.YOU HAVE RIGHTS NO MATTERWHERE
YOU GO
Everyone has the right
to recognition
everywhere as a person
before the law.

7.WE'RE ALL EQUAL BEFORETHE LAW
All are equal before the
law and are entitled
without any
discrimination to equal
protection of the law.

8.YOUR HUMAN RIGHTS ARE PROTECTED
BY LAW
Everyone has the right to an
effective remedy by the
competent national
tribunals for acts violating
the fundamental rights
granted him by the
constitution or by law.

9. NO UNFAIR DETAINMENT
No one shall be
subjected to arbitrary
arrest, detention or
exile.

10.THE RIGHTTOTRIAL
Everyone is entitled in full
equality to a fair and public
hearing by an independent
and impartial tribunal, in
the determination of his
rights and obligations and
of any criminal charge
against him.

11.WE'RE ALWAYS INNOCENTTILL PROVEN
GUILTY
1. Everyone charged with a
penal offence has the right to
be presumed innocent until
proved guilty
2. No one shall be held guilty
of any penal offence on
account of any act or
omission which did not
constitute a penal offence

12.THE RIGHTTO PRIVACY
No one shall be subjected to
arbitrary interference with his
privacy, family, home or
correspondence, nor to attacks
upon his honour and
reputation. Everyone has the
right to the protection of the
law against such interference
or attacks.

13. FREEDOMTO MOVE
•1. Everyone has the right to
freedom of movement and
residence within the
borders of each State.
•2. Everyone has the right to
leave any country, including
his own, and to return to his
country.

14.THE RIGHTTO ASYLUM
• 1. Everyone has the right to seek
and to enjoy in other countries
asylum from persecution.
• 2.This right may not be invoked in
the case of prosecutions genuinely
arising from nonpolitical crimes or
from acts contrary to the purposes
and principles of the United
Nations.

15. RIGHTTO A NATIONALITY
1. Everyone has the right to
a nationality.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily
deprived of his nationality
nor denied the right to
change his nationality.

16. MARRIAGE AND FAMILY
1. Men and women of full age, without
any limitation due to race, nationality or
religion, have the right to marry and to
found a family.
2. Marriage shall be entered into only
with the free and full consent of the
intending spouses.
3.The family is the natural and
fundamental group unit of society and is
entitled to protection by society and the
State.

17.THE RIGHTTO OWNERSHIP
1. Everyone has the right
to own property alone as
well as in association
with others.
2. No one shall be
arbitrarily deprived of his
property.

18. FREEDOM OFTHOUGHT
Everyone has the right to
freedom of thought,
conscience and religion

19. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
to freedom of opinion
and expression

20.THE RIGHTTO PUBLIC ASSEMBLY
1. Everyone has the right
to freedom of peaceful
assembly and association.
2. No one may be
compelled to belong to an
association.

21.THE RIGHTTO DEMOCRACY
• 1. Everyone has the right to take part
in the government of his country,
directly or through freely chosen
representatives.
• 2. Everyone has the right to equal
access to public service in his
country.
• 3.The will of the people shall be the
basis of the authority of
government.

22. SOCIAL SECURITY
Everyone, as a member of society,
has the right to social security and is
entitled to realization, through
national effort and international co-
operation and in accordance with
the organization and resources of
each State, of the economic, social
and cultural rights indispensable for
his dignity and the free
development of his personality.

23.WORKERS’ RIGHTS
1. the right to work, to free choice
of employment
2. the right to equal pay for equal
work.
3. the right to just and favourable
remuneration ensuring for himself
and his family
4. the right to form and to join
trade unions for the protection of
his interests

24.THE RIGHTTO PLAY
to rest and leisure,
including reasonable
limitation of working
hours and periodic
holidays with pay.

25. FOOD AND SHELTER FOR ALL
1. Everyone has the right to a
standard of living adequate
for the health and well-being
of himself and of his family
2. Motherhood and
childhood are entitled to
special care and assistance

26.THE RIGHTTO EDUCATION
1. Everyone has the right to education.
Education shall be free, at least in the
elementary and fundamental stages. shall
be equally accessible to all on the basis of
merit.
2. Education shall be directed to the full
development of the human personality
and to the strengthening of respect for
human rights and fundamental freedoms.
3. Parents have a prior right to choose the
kind of education that shall be given to
their children.

27. COPYRIGHT
1. Everyone has the right freely to
participate in the cultural life of the
community, to enjoy the arts and
to share in scientific advancement
and its benefits.
2. Everyone has the right to the
protection of the moral and
material interests resulting from
any scientific, literary or artistic
production of which he is the
author.

28. A FAIR AND FREEWORLD
Everyone is entitled to a
social and international
order in which the rights
and freedoms set forth
in this Declaration can
be fully realized.

29. RESPONSIBILITY
1. Everyone has duties to the community
in which alone the free and full
development of his personality is
possible.
2. In the exercise of his rights and
freedoms, everyone shall be subject only
to such limitations as are determined by
law.
3.These rights and freedoms may in no
case be exercised contrary to the
purposes and principles of the UN.

30. NO ONE CANTAKE AWAYYOUR HUMAN
RIGHTS
Nothing in this Declaration
may be interpreted as
implying for any State,
group or person any right to
engage in any activity or to
perform any act aimed at
the destruction of any of
the rights and freedoms set
forth herein.

Declaration on the Right and
Responsibility of Individuals, Groups
and Organs of Society to Promote
and Protect Universally Recognized
Human Rights and Fundamental
Freedoms
abbreviated to “The Declaration on human rights
defenders”
Source: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/SRHRDefenders/Pages/Declaration.aspx

The Declaration on human rights defenders
1.Legal character
2.The Declaration’s provisions
•(a) Rights and protections accorded to human
rights defenders
•(b)The duties of States
•(c)The responsibilities of everyone
•(d)The role of national law

(a) Rights and protections accorded to human
rights defenders
Articles 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12 and 13 of the
Declaration provide specific protections to
human rights defenders.

The duties of States
States have a responsibility to implement and
respect all the provisions of the Declaration.
However, articles 2, 9, 12, 14 and 15 make particular
reference to the role of States and indicate that
each State has a responsibility and duty:

The responsibilities of everyone
Articles 10, 11 and 18 outline responsibilities for
everyone to promote human rights, to safeguard
democracy and its institutions and not to violate the
human rights of others.

The role of national law
Articles 3 and 4 outline the relationship of the
Declaration to national and international law with a
view to assuring the application of the highest
possible legal standards of human rights.

Human Rights Legal Issuances in the
Philippines
•Article III OfThe 1987 Constitution OfThe RepublicOf
The Philippines
•REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10368 - Human RightsVictims
Reparation and Recognition Act of 2013
•R.A. 9372 – HUMAN SECURITY ACT OF 2007
http://www.ihumanrights.ph/help-2/article-iii-of-the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-
philippines/
http://www.gov.ph/2013/02/25/republic-act-no-10368/
http://jlp-law.com/blog/ra-9327-human-security-act-of-2007-full-text/

Human Rights Legal Issuances in the
Philippines
•RepublicAct 9710 Magna Carta ofWomen
•REPUBLIC ACT No. 10364 - ExpandedAnti-Trafficking in
Persons Act of 2012
•RepublicAct 9745: An Act PenalizingTorture and other
Cruel, Inhuman and DegradingTreatment or Punishment
http://web.csc.gov.ph/cscsite2/2014-02-21-08-16-56/2014-02-21-08-19-19/magna-carta-of-women-r-a-9710
http://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2013/ra_10364_2013.html
http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_14/RA09745.pdf

Are we really observing and
implementing human rights?

Human Rights Day 2014: 10Worst Human
RightsViolations of theYear
Soruce: http://www.ibtimes.co.in/human-rights-day-10-worst-human-rights-violations-2014-
that-will-shock-you-616641

1.All ISIS Beheadings, Rapes, Child Abuses:
The brutal executions of
innocent people by the deadly
Islamic State (ISIS) militants
who continue to wreak havoc in
northern Iraq and Syria after
swallowing a swathe of land,
which they arbitrary call a
caliphate, are the gravest
crimes and human rights
violations.

2.US Police Shootings of Blacks
Police atrocities against blacks
have been in the headlines for
much of this year and have
sparked one of the worst
protests in recent memory.
What incensed the already
angry members of the black
community were the two grand
jury decisions not to indict
police officers charged with the
killings.

3.'VirginityTest' in Indonesia
Female applicants to
Indonesia's National Police
had to go through a
mandatory "virginity test",
which the authorities
require woman – and not
men – to undertake as part
of the application process
https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/11/17/indonesia-virginity-tests-female-police

4.Saudi 'Woman Drivers' Arrested
Even in 2014, Saudi
authorities continue to
detain women for driving.
In the latest case, two
women driving on the Saudi
side of the border of the
UAE were detained for over
six days .
http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/saudi-women-jailed-driving-terror-court-article-1.2061126

5.Iranian Woman executed for killing Rapist
Rayhaneh Jabbari, 26, was
hanged by an Iranian court
for the 2007 killing of
Morteza Abdolali Sarbandi,
who had tried to rape her.
The case has become a
symbol of the worst human
rights violation in Iran.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/reyhaneh-jabbari-executed-iran-
hangs-woman-for-murder-of-her-alleged-attempted-rapist-9817712.html

Human Rights Day 2014: 6 - 10Worst Human
RightsViolations of theYear
•6.China's Use of Executed Prisoner's Organs
•7.Operation Likofi, Congo
•8.Russian Abuse of Crimeans
•9.Life Prison for Being Gay in Gambia
•10.North KoreaTorture

The 10Worst Countries For Human Rights
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/03/human-rights-risk-atlas-2014-violations-
maplecroft_n_4374133.html

PHILIPPINES 2014 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT
• Section 1. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, Including
Freedom from:
• a. Arbitrary or Unlawful Deprivation of Life
• b. Disappearance
• c.Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or DegradingTreatment or
Punishment
• d. Arbitrary Arrest or Detention
• e. Denial of Fair PublicTrial
• f. Arbitrary Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, or Correspondence
• g. Use of Excessive Force and Other Abuses in Internal Conflicts
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/236682.pdf

•Section 2. Respect for Civil Liberties, Including:
• a. Freedom of Speech and Press
• b. Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association
• c. Freedom of Religion
• d. Freedom of Movement, Internally Displaced Persons,
Protection of Refugees, and Stateless Persons
•Section 3. Respect for Political Rights:The Right of
Citizens to ChangeTheir Government
•Section 4. Corruption and Lack ofTransparency in
Government

• Section 5. Governmental Attitude Regarding International and
Nongovernmental Investigation of AllegedViolations of Human
Rights
• Section 6. Discrimination, Societal Abuses, andTrafficking in
Persons
• Section 7.Worker Rights
• a. Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining
• b. Prohibition of Forced or Compulsory Labor
• c. Prohibition of Child Labor and Minimum Age for Employment
• d. Discrimination with Respect to Employment or Occupation
• e. Acceptable Conditions of Work

Promoting Human Rights in the Philippines
http://www.chr.gov.ph/MAIN%20PAGES/about%20us/PDF/2014/CHR_Strat_Plan20152016.pdf

Information and CommunicationTechnology
for Human Rights Promotion
•The use of ICT in human rights promotion: A case study
of theAfrican Commission on Human and Peoples’
Rights
•ICT and Human Rights An ecosystem approach
•ICTs in Support of Human Rights, Democracy and Good
Governance
•Protecting Human Rights in the Digital Age

END OF PRESENTATION
Thank you for listening

Promoting human rights and responsibilities

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