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P RODUCED BY S CHULTZ C OMMUNICATIONS . D ESIGNED BY G IANOPOULOS D ESIGN . P HOTOGRAPHY BY C HARLES M ANN E XCEPT W HERE N OTED .
                                                                                                                                      1 - 8 0 0 - WAT E R - N M                                                                                                                       Accept no substitutes!
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Xeriscaping is the natural and water-wise way to beautify New Mexico.
State Engineer Office Water Conservation Program                                                                         State Engineer Office Water Conservation Program                                                                                                               zeroscaping tends to be hot and boring.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Because it uses so much rock and so few of the same plants,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      and an oasis-like feeling.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      variety of native and other water-efficient plants to create color, interest
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Genuine xeriscapes are lush and beautiful. Xeriscapes use a wide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      is now called “zeroscaping.” It is not the same as xeriscaping.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      sparse plants to create low-water-use landscaping. This kind of landscaping
                                                                                                                         Carol Schneider Dumont, Craig O’Hare, Judith Phillips and George Radnovich.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Once upon a time, some landscapers used lots of rocks and a few
                                                                                                                         of Reclamation, Doug Bennett, J. Hunter Ten Broeck, David Cristiani,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Xeriscaping Is Not “Zeroscaping”
                                                                                                                         Special thanks to: New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, U.S. Bureau
                                                                                                                         Acknowledgements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      T H E X E R I C L A N D S C A P E A B O V E R E C R E AT E S T H E F E E L O F A M O U N TA I N S T R E A M B E D .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      J U S T B E C A U S E X E R I S C A P E S S AV E W AT E R D O E S N ’ T M E A N T H E Y H AV E T O B E D R Y A N D B O R I N G .
                                                                                                                         edited by Kathleen N. Brenzel, Xeriscape Plant Guide Fulcrum Publishing
                                                                                                                         Xeriscape Flower Gardener by James Knopf, Sunset Western Landscaping Book
                                                                                                                         Phillips, Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke, The
                                                                                                                         Natural by Design by Judith Phillips, Plants for Natural Gardens by Judith
                                                                                                                         Suggested Reading
                                                                                                                          Engineer Office Water Conservation Program.
                                                                                                                          each area, see The Enchanted Xeriscape brochure available from the State
                                                                                                                          about New Mexico’s climate zones and specific plants recommended for
                                                                                                                          directly affect the plants that will grow and thrive. For more information
                                                                                                                          to high elevation. The specific climate characteristics of your area will
                                                                                                                              New Mexico’s climate varies greatly from north to south and from low
                                                                                                                          To Learn More
                                                                                                                                  A D D B R I G H T LY C O L O R E D N AT I V E F L O W E R S S U C H A S P E N S T E M O N T O Y O U R X E R I S C A P E .
     Creating a Water-wise Yard                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        your old, water-thirsty landscape into an attractive water-wise xeriscape.
      A Step-By-Step Guide to                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          brochure gives you step-by-step information that will help you convert
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Xeriscaping with water-wise plants makes sense in New Mexico. This
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       And xeriscapes require far less ongoing maintenance.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       require little or no supplemental watering once they are established.)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       needed by traditional lawn-dominated landscapes. (Some xeric plants
                                                                                                                          professional to determine if your existing irrigation system can be used.)                                                                                   enchanting and beautiful. The best xeriscapes use a fraction of the water
                                                                                                                          cally cost approximately $0.20 per square foot. (It’s advisable to consult a                                                                                      But xeriscapes aren’t dry and dull. Well-designed xeriscapes are
                                                                                                                          an existing irrigation system. A do-it-yourself irrigation conversion will typi-                                                                             no matter where in the state you live!
                                                                                                                               Plan on paying a professional $0.60 or more per square foot to convert                                                                                  is a pretty good way to describe the natural landscapes of New Mexico–
                                                                                                                          install the plants yourself.                                                                                                                                 xeriscape is derived from the Greek word, xeros, which means dry. And dry
                                                                                                                          have the hardscape and irrigation system professionally installed and then                                                                                   using plants that are appropriate to the natural environment. The term
                                                                                                                          more of the cost by doing the installation yourself. You might choose to                                                                                          Xeriscaping is the fine art of creating water-efficient landscapes by
                                                                                                                               Of course, once you’ve got your landscape plan you can save 50% or
                                                                                                                          $4.00 a square foot or more, depending upon the complexity of your job.
                                                                                                                          Paying a professional to install your landscaping may cost from $1.00 to
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Xeriscaping!
                                                                                                                          xeriscape is not much more expensive than a high-water-use landscape.
                                                                                                                               If you hire a landscape designer and start from scratch, installing a
                                                                                                                                                                                         How Much Does It Cost?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Welcome to
  Consider a Three-Year                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          In xeriscaping, plants are
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             grouped into specific zones
  Conversion Plan                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Water Zones:                                  based upon the water needs of
       Whether you choose to do your own                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       EasyAs1-2-3                                   the plants and the functions
  xeriscaping or hire a professional, you have                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               you want your yard to serve.
  the option of converting your landscape all at                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Zoning creates a water-efficient
  once or in stages. Here’s one way to convert                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               landscape that is both beautiful
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ZONE
  your landscape using a three-year timeline:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                and functional.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Three
       Start by listing your                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Zone 1: Arid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ZONE
  needs and evaluating your Y E A R                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The arid zone features the
  site. Then complete your                                                                                      Before & After                                                                                                                                Two                                                                                            most drought-tolerant vegeta-
  design. Begin making the         One                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       tion. Choose native plants and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ZONE                                                                                                                other varieties that rarely
  structural changes (enlarg-
  ing the patio area, adding a shade structure,                                                                                                                                                                                            One                                                                                                               require supplemental watering.
  etc.) If you’re anxious to start planting,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Often, the most arid zones are
  select an area away from the house that can                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                located away from the house
  be converted to an arid zone. If necessary,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                and other high-traffic areas.
  cap the nearby sprinkler heads and modify
  the existing watering system to suit the new                                                                                                                                                                                   Zone 2: Transition                                                                     Zone 3: Mini-Oasis
  plantings. Begin removing plants that don’t                                                                                                                                                                                        The transition zone is used to blend lush                                              The lush, mini-oasis zone includes the highest-
  fit into your new plan, including difficult-to-                                                                                                                                                                                  areas with the drier parts of a landscape.                                             water-use plants and your lawn area. The shady north
  control perennial weeds, such as bindweed,                                                                                                                                                                                     This zone takes advantage of low- and                                                  and east sides of your home are perfectly suited for
  and bermuda grass.                                                                                                                                                                                                             moderate-water-use plants. Choose plants                                               oasis areas. This zone can also include areas that
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 that need infrequent supplemental watering                                             receive rainfall runoff from roof lines and downspouts.
       Now it’s time to intro-                                                                                                                                                                                                   (once a week or less).                                                                 Try to place this zone near your house.
  duce the new design ele-       YEAR
  ments into your xeriscape.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         DRIP EMITTERS DELIVER A
  Reduce your turf area (if       Two                                                                                                                                                                                            Water Tips                                                                                                                              S P E C I F I E D A M O U N T O F W AT E R
  that’s part of your plan).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P E R H O U R — T Y P I C A L LY F R O M
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         A HALF GALLON TO AS MUCH
  Finish converting your irrigation system by
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         AS FOUR GALLONS.
  capping sprinkler heads or converting them                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P H OTO S C O U R T E SY O F R A I N D R I P, I N C .
  to multi-emitter hydrants. Add your new xeric
  plants.You might also want to plant some                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           New Plants Need More Water
  annuals this year to fill in the empty spaces                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Even the most drought-resistant native
  until your perennials and xeric shrubs grow in.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    plants need supplemental water during the first
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     year or two to get established. Once established,
      Your xeric plants are                                                                                                                                                                                                      A M U LT I -E M I T T E R H Y D R A N T C A N R E P L AC E A N O L D S P R I N K L E R H E A D .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     reduce supplemental watering or eliminate it
  now becoming established, Y E A R                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  altogether (depending upon the plant). Follow
  so you should be able to                                                                                                                                                                                                       The Basics of Drip Irrigation                                                                       instructions from a plant nursery and/or check
  cut back on the supple-       Three                                                                                                                                                                                                 Drip irrigation is the perfect method for watering                                             each plant for clues to the water it needs.
  mental water. Finish plant-                                                                                                                                                                                                    most shrubs, perennials and trees. Drip irrigation systems
  ing, then concentrate on maintenance.                                                                                                                                                                                          save water because they deliver slow, steady amounts                                                How Much Mulch?
  Remove competitive plants and weeds.                                                                                                                                                                                           of water directly to plant roots. As a result, drip systems                                         One cubic yard of mulch will cover 100 square
  Make sure there’s at least a three- to four-                                                                                                                                                                                   cut down on evaporation, runoff and overspray.                                                      feet of landscape to a depth of three to four
  inch-thick layer of mulch around your plants                                                                                                                                                                                        Drip systems can be professionally installed by                                                inches. Shredded bark and crushed rock are two
  and trees. Check the irrigation system                                                                                                                                                                                         most landscape contractors. For do-it-yourselfers, drip                                             of the most popular types of mulch, and both
  periodically and repair any clogs or leaks.                                                                                                                                                                                    irrigation kits are available at hardware stores, home                                              are readily available at garden center stores or




                                                    P H OTO S C O U R T E SY J. H U N T E R T E N B R O E C K
  Enjoy your low-maintenance yard!                                                                                                                                                                                               centers and nurseries.                                                                              through landscape contractors.
P RODUCED BY S CHULTZ C OMMUNICATIONS . D ESIGNED BY G IANOPOULOS D ESIGN . P HOTOGRAPHY BY C HARLES M ANN E XCEPT W HERE N OTED .


                                                                                                                                      1 - 8 0 0 - WAT E R - N M                                                                                                                       Accept no substitutes!
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Xeriscaping is the natural and water-wise way to beautify New Mexico.
State Engineer Office Water Conservation Program                                                                         State Engineer Office Water Conservation Program                                                                                                               zeroscaping tends to be hot and boring.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Because it uses so much rock and so few of the same plants,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      and an oasis-like feeling.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      variety of native and other water-efficient plants to create color, interest
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Genuine xeriscapes are lush and beautiful. Xeriscapes use a wide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      is now called “zeroscaping.” It is not the same as xeriscaping.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      sparse plants to create low-water-use landscaping. This kind of landscaping
                                                                                                                         Carol Schneider Dumont, Craig O’Hare, Judith Phillips and George Radnovich.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Once upon a time, some landscapers used lots of rocks and a few
                                                                                                                         of Reclamation, Doug Bennett, J. Hunter Ten Broeck, David Cristiani,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Xeriscaping Is Not “Zeroscaping”
                                                                                                                         Special thanks to: New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, U.S. Bureau
                                                                                                                         Acknowledgements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      T H E X E R I C L A N D S C A P E A B O V E R E C R E AT E S T H E F E E L O F A M O U N TA I N S T R E A M B E D .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      J U S T B E C A U S E X E R I S C A P E S S AV E W AT E R D O E S N ’ T M E A N T H E Y H AV E T O B E D R Y A N D B O R I N G .

                                                                                                                         edited by Kathleen N. Brenzel, Xeriscape Plant Guide Fulcrum Publishing
                                                                                                                         Xeriscape Flower Gardener by James Knopf, Sunset Western Landscaping Book
                                                                                                                         Phillips, Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke, The
                                                                                                                         Natural by Design by Judith Phillips, Plants for Natural Gardens by Judith
                                                                                                                         Suggested Reading

                                                                                                                          Engineer Office Water Conservation Program.
                                                                                                                          each area, see The Enchanted Xeriscape brochure available from the State
                                                                                                                          about New Mexico’s climate zones and specific plants recommended for
                                                                                                                          directly affect the plants that will grow and thrive. For more information
                                                                                                                          to high elevation. The specific climate characteristics of your area will
                                                                                                                              New Mexico’s climate varies greatly from north to south and from low
                                                                                                                          To Learn More

                                                                                                                                  A D D B R I G H T LY C O L O R E D N AT I V E F L O W E R S S U C H A S P E N S T E M O N T O Y O U R X E R I S C A P E .



     Creating a Water-wise Yard
     Creating a Water-wise Yard                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        your old, water-thirsty landscape into an attractive water-wise xeriscape.
       A Step-By-Step Guide to
      A Step-By-Step Guide to                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          brochure gives you step-by-step information that will help you convert
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Xeriscaping with water-wise plants makes sense in New Mexico. This
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       And xeriscapes require far less ongoing maintenance.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       require little or no supplemental watering once they are established.)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       needed by traditional lawn-dominated landscapes. (Some xeric plants
                                                                                                                          professional to determine if your existing irrigation system can be used.)                                                                                   enchanting and beautiful. The best xeriscapes use a fraction of the water
                                                                                                                          cally cost approximately $0.20 per square foot. (It’s advisable to consult a                                                                                      But xeriscapes aren’t dry and dull. Well-designed xeriscapes are
                                                                                                                          an existing irrigation system. A do-it-yourself irrigation conversion will typi-                                                                             no matter where in the state you live!
                                                                                                                               Plan on paying a professional $0.60 or more per square foot to convert                                                                                  is a pretty good way to describe the natural landscapes of New Mexico–
                                                                                                                          install the plants yourself.                                                                                                                                 xeriscape is derived from the Greek word, xeros, which means dry. And dry
                                                                                                                          have the hardscape and irrigation system professionally installed and then                                                                                   using plants that are appropriate to the natural environment. The term
                                                                                                                          more of the cost by doing the installation yourself. You might choose to                                                                                          Xeriscaping is the fine art of creating water-efficient landscapes by
                                                                                                                               Of course, once you’ve got your landscape plan you can save 50% or
                                                                                                                          $4.00 a square foot or more, depending upon the complexity of your job.
                                                                                                                          Paying a professional to install your landscaping may cost from $1.00 to
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Xeriscaping!
                                                                                                                          xeriscape is not much more expensive than a high-water-use landscape.
                                                                                                                               If you hire a landscape designer and start from scratch, installing a
                                                                                                                                                                                         How Much Does It Cost?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Welcome to


  Consider a Three-Year                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          In xeriscaping, plants are
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             grouped into specific zones
  Conversion Plan                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Water Zones:                                  based upon the water needs of
       Whether you choose to do your own                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       EasyAs1-2-3                                   the plants and the functions
  xeriscaping or hire a professional, you have                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               you want your yard to serve.
  the option of converting your landscape all at                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Zoning creates a water-efficient
  once or in stages. Here’s one way to convert                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               landscape that is both beautiful
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ZONE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             and functional.
  your landscape using a three-year timeline:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Three
       Start by listing your                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Zone 1: Arid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ZONE
  needs and evaluating your Y E A R
  site. Then complete your
  design. Begin making the         One                                                                          Before & After                                                                                                           ZONE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Two
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 The arid zone features the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             most drought-tolerant vegeta-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             tion. Choose native plants and
  structural changes (enlarg-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                other varieties that rarely
  ing the patio area, adding a shade structure,                                                                                                                                                                                            One                                                                                                               require supplemental watering.
  etc.) If you’re anxious to start planting,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Often, the most arid zones are
  select an area away from the house that can                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                located away from the house
  be converted to an arid zone. If necessary,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                and other high-traffic areas.
  cap the nearby sprinkler heads and modify
  the existing watering system to suit the new                                                                                                                                                                                   Zone 2: Transition                                                                     Zone 3: Mini-Oasis
  plantings. Begin removing plants that don’t                                                                                                                                                                                        The transition zone is used to blend lush                                              The lush, mini-oasis zone includes the highest-
  fit into your new plan, including difficult-to-                                                                                                                                                                                  areas with the drier parts of a landscape.                                             water-use plants and your lawn area. The shady north
  control perennial weeds, such as bindweed,                                                                                                                                                                                     This zone takes advantage of low- and                                                  and east sides of your home are perfectly suited for
  and bermuda grass.                                                                                                                                                                                                             moderate-water-use plants. Choose plants                                               oasis areas. This zone can also include areas that
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 that need infrequent supplemental watering                                             receive rainfall runoff from roof lines and downspouts.
       Now it’s time to intro-                                                                                                                                                                                                   (once a week or less).                                                                 Try to place this zone near your house.
  duce the new design ele-       YEAR
  ments into your xeriscape.
  Reduce your turf area (if
  that’s part of your plan).
                                  Two                                                                                                                                                                                            Water Tips                                                                                                                              DRIP EMITTERS DELIVER A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         S P E C I F I E D A M O U N T O F W AT E R
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         P E R H O U R — T Y P I C A L LY F R O M
  Finish converting your irrigation system by                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            A HALF GALLON TO AS MUCH
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         AS FOUR GALLONS.
  capping sprinkler heads or converting them                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P H OTO S C O U R T E SY O F R A I N D R I P, I N C .
  to multi-emitter hydrants. Add your new xeric
  plants.You might also want to plant some                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           New Plants Need More Water
  annuals this year to fill in the empty spaces                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Even the most drought-resistant native
  until your perennials and xeric shrubs grow in.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    plants need supplemental water during the first
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     year or two to get established. Once established,
      Your xeric plants are                                                                                                                                                                                                      A M U LT I -E M I T T E R H Y D R A N T C A N R E P L AC E A N O L D S P R I N K L E R H E A D .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     reduce supplemental watering or eliminate it
  now becoming established, Y E A R                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  altogether (depending upon the plant). Follow
  so you should be able to
  cut back on the supple-
  mental water. Finish plant-
                                Three                                                                                                                                                                                            The Basics of Drip Irrigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Drip irrigation is the perfect method for watering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 most shrubs, perennials and trees. Drip irrigation systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     instructions from a plant nursery and/or check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     each plant for clues to the water it needs.
                                                    P H OTO S C O U R T E SY J. H U N T E R T E N B R O E C K




  ing, then concentrate on maintenance.                                                                                                                                                                                          save water because they deliver slow, steady amounts                                                How Much Mulch?
  Remove competitive plants and weeds.                                                                                                                                                                                           of water directly to plant roots. As a result, drip systems                                         One cubic yard of mulch will cover 100 square
  Make sure there’s at least a three- to four-                                                                                                                                                                                   cut down on evaporation, runoff and overspray.                                                      feet of landscape to a depth of three to four
  inch-thick layer of mulch around your plants                                                                                                                                                                                        Drip systems can be professionally installed by                                                inches. Shredded bark and crushed rock are two
  and trees. Check the irrigation system                                                                                                                                                                                         most landscape contractors. For do-it-yourselfers, drip                                             of the most popular types of mulch, and both
  periodically and repair any clogs or leaks.                                                                                                                                                                                    irrigation kits are available at hardware stores, home                                              are readily available at garden center stores or
  Enjoy your low-maintenance yard!                                                                                                                                                                                               centers and nurseries.                                                                              through landscape contractors.
A five-stepguide tocreating
awater-wise landscape
                                                                                                                                    Make a Wish List                                                                                  How Will the Landscape Be Used?                         scape. What “look” are you most comfortable with?

                                                                                                            STEP                           Before you lift a shovel, before you purchase
                                                                                                                                      a single plant, before you call a local landscaper
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          If you need an active recreation area where
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      the kids can play, a small turf area may be in order.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Your landscape should reveal your personality
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              while reflecting the regional ecology. Pay close



                                                                                                                  One
                                                                                                                                      for assistance, you need to ask yourself a few ques-                                            If what you really want is an “outdoor living room”     attention to your favorite landscapes so you can
                                                                                                                                      tions about the kind of yard you want to create.                                                where you can lounge in a hammock and enjoy             re-create some of their best features in your yard.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      the views, consider expanding your patio area
                                                                                                                                      What’s Your Primary Focus?                                                                      with additional shade structures and adding low-        Is Privacy Important to You?
                                                                                                                                           Is water conservation, low maintenance or                                                  water-use trees and shrubs to provide privacy.              Landscaping can do a marvelous job of shield-
                                                                                                                                      a wildlife-friendly habitat your primary goal? Is                                                                                                       ing your property from the next-door neighbors.
                                                                                                                                      having an aesthetically beautiful yard that’s the                                               What Do Your Favorite Landscapes Look Like?             Conversely, there may be views you want to
                                                                                                                                      envy of the neighbors at the top of your wish                                                       Xeriscape styles can range from the formal          enhance. Knowing the mature size of the plants
                                                                                                                                      list? All of these are important considerations and                                             look of an English country garden to the native         and trees you ultimately select will ensure that
                                                                                                                                      will influence the design of your landscape.                                                     look of a naturally occurring New Mexican land-         you get the views or privacy you desire.
B E F O R E Y O U B E G I N Y O U R L A N D S C A P E D E S I G N , M A K E A “ W I S H L I S T ” O F Y O U R F AV O R I T E
P L A N T S . T H E A B O V E X E R I S C A P E U S E S W AT E R - T H R I F T Y P L A N T S O F M A N Y
COLORS AND TEXTURES.



                                                                                                                                    Take Inventory                                                                                    and should be removed? Are there some plants            parts of the present system be converted for your

                                                                                                            STEP                          The physical characteristics of the site should
                                                                                                                                      be considered. Every property has its own “micro-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      that you absolutely want to keep? Established
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      plants that will remain in the landscape will
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              new xeriscape? Using existing irrigation for your
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              new “mini-oasis” zones can make the conversion



                                                                                                                 Two
                                                                                                                                      climates” which will affect design and plant                                                    influence the water zoning of your new design.           to xeriscape easier and less expensive. (Keep in
                                                                                                                                      choices. For example, the sunny west and south                                                                                                          mind that it’s best to have your lawn on one
                                                                                                                                      sides of a house typically have warm micro-climates                                             Downsize Your Lawn                                      irrigation system valve and your trees, shrubs
                                                                                                                                      and are well suited for arid, drought-tolerant plants.                                              Instead of using turf grass to cover large          and flowers on another.)
                                                                                                                                      The cooler north and east sides offer better climates                                           areas of ground, choose your lawn size to fit your            This is also a good time to walk around the
                                                                                                                                      for oasis zones. (For more information, see the                                                 family’s needs. Consider drought-tolerant grasses       neighborhood and visit local garden stores to
                                                                                                                                      “Water Zones: Easy As 1-2-3” section.)                                                          such as buffalograss and blue grama, or water-          identify the plants you’d like to have in your new
                                                                                                                                          As you conduct a walk-through inspection of                                                 wise groundcovers and shrubs.                           landscape. There are also many high quality books
                                                                                                                                      the site, pay particular attention to the existing                                                  Also examine your existing irrigation system.       about southwestern plants and design which you
                                                                                                                                      plants. Are there some plants which are in decline                                              Note the location of your sprinkler heads. Can any      can use as resources.
E X A M I N E Y O U R P R O P E R T Y F O R M I C R O - C L I M AT E Z O N E S . T H E S E D E L I G H T F U L R U D B E C K I A
(ALSO KNOWN AS GLORIOSA DAISY OR BLACK-EYED SUSAN) WILL THRIVE
IN MOST OASIS AND TRANSITION ZONES.




                                                                                                                                    Make a Plan                                                                                       structures, new patio areas and/or new walkways,        Low-Water-Use Plants

                                                                                                            STEP                          Now that you’ve done your “homework,” it’s
                                                                                                                                      time to sit down and design your new landscape.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      you might want to hire a professional landscaper.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      If you’re going to do it yourself, look for ideas and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Choose native and low-water-use plants
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              whenever possible. A wonderful variety of water-



                                                                                                         Three
                                                                                                                                      You can create your own landscape plan or you                                                   instructions in garden design books. The sales staff    wise plants can grow in New Mexico. Some plants
                                                                                                                                      can call upon a professional designer or landscaper                                             at local home center stores can also be helpful in      are perfect for adding year-round greenery and
                                                                                                                                      for assistance. Either way, you must incorporate                                                deciding what materials you’ll need and how to get      texture, others are great for adding a splash of
                                                                                                                                      your needs and wants from Step 1 and the physical                                               the job done.                                           seasonal color. Select the plants that are best
                                                                                                                                      characteristics from Step 2 into an overall land-                                                                                                       suited to your region and to your site’s micro-
                                                                                                                                      scape design.                                                                                   Irrigation System                                       climates.
                                                                                                                                          Your design will consist of the hardscape                                                        Your new irrigation system should be designed          For beauty and visual interest all year long,
                                                                                                                                      (paving and walkways), the architectural features                                               to incorporate your xeriscape plan’s water zones.       select evergreen plants to cover at least 20-30%
                                                                                                                                      (such as shade structures and walls), the irrigation                                            For efficient use of water, turf and other high-water-   of your landscape.
                                                                                                                                      system and the plants you want.                                                                 use areas must be irrigated separately from native          Your final xeriscape design should meet your
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      and xeric plants. Turf lawns are best watered by        needs and provide beautiful and water-wise
                                                                                                                                      Hardscapes and Architectural Features                                                           sprinklers or subsurface irrigation. Trees, shrubs,     surroundings.
                                                                                                                                          If you plan to make major renovations to your                                               flowers and groundcovers can be watered efficiently
                                                                                                                                      landscape that involve construction of shade                                                    with low-volume drip emitters, sprayers and bubblers.
H A R D S C A P I N G C A N I N C L U D E W A L K WAY S , S H A D E S T R U C T U R E S A N D S T R AT E G I C A L LY P L A C E D
B O U L D E R S . C O N S I D E R U S I N G E V E R G R E E N S T O A D D V I S UA L I N T E R E S T
D U R I N G C O L D - W E AT H E R M O N T H S .



                                                                                                                                    Install Your Xeriscape                                                                            water to planting areas by creating berms (hills)       regulations and should have backflow preventers

                                                                                                            STEP                      Hardscape, Irrigation and Plants
                                                                                                                                          Now that all the planning is done, it’s time to
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      and swales (depressions).
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           As you convert your landscape to xeriscape,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              to protect your family’s safety.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Remember, you should not mix bubblers, drip



                                                                                                              Four
                                                                                                                                      get to work! Start with the big jobs first. A good                                               modify or replace your irrigation system as needed.     emitters and lawn sprinklers on the same auto-
                                                                                                                                      rule of thumb: construction first, then irrigation                                               Make sure plants with similar watering needs and        matic zone. Irrigation companies, garden stores or
                                                                                                                                      system, then planting.                                                                          rooting depths are watered by the same irrigation       other professionals can provide valuable advice.
                                                                                                                                          Before you begin any construction projects                                                  valve. And always place your lawn on a separate
                                                                                                                                      yourself (such as creating walkways or grading                                                  valve from other plantings.                             Soil Improvements
                                                                                                                                      the soil), seriously weigh the advantages of get-                                                    In some cases, conventional lawn spray-heads           Before you plant, you may need to add soil
                                                                                                                                      ting professional assistance. Hiring a pro can                                                  may be converted to drip systems with multiple          amendments (such as compost) that will enable
                                                                                                                                      make the job go much faster (but it will also be                                                outlet adapters for drip emitters. (Because drip        your soil to better absorb water. However, if
                                                                                                                                      more expensive).                                                                                systems require less than 30 pounds per square          you’re landscaping with native plants, you may
                                                                                                                                          You may want to consult with an irrigation                                                  inch of water pressure, a pressure-reducing valve       not need to add anything to your soil. Many
                                                                                                                                      professional for advice on a new watering system                                                will be needed to protect the system.) Soaker hoses     well-adapted xeric plants actually prefer not to
                                                                                                                                      to ensure that your trees, shrubs, plants and                                                   and micro-sprayers are other irrigation options.        have too rich a soil. For these hardy natives, all
                                                                                                                                      grasses receive the appropriate amounts of water.                                                    Set up your drip system so that it drains          you’ll need to do is loosen the soil a little before
                                                                                                                                          Using your xeriscape plan, examine the prop-                                                properly to prevent freezing. Make sure that it can     you plant. (Ask the nursery professional where
                                                                                                                                      erty again for ways to use concrete and rooftops                                                be cleaned or flushed out to prevent clogging.           you buy your plants about the specific soil
                                                                                                                                      to direct rainwater to plants. You can also direct                                              Your irrigation system must also meet code              requirements of the plants you select.)
HARDY PERENNIALS SUCH AS GAILLARDIA (SOMETIMES KNOWN AS INDIAN BLANKET FLOWER)
CAN ADD COLOR TO YOUR LANDSCAPE YEAR AFTER YEAR.




                                                                                                                                    Maintain and Enjoy!                                                                                    To ensure continued water savings and to           sprinkler heads, leaks, clogged drip emitters or

                                                                                                            STEP                          Even though successful xeriscapes are low
                                                                                                                                      maintenance, they aren’t completely maintenance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      maintain an effective weed barrier, keep a three-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      to four-inch-thick layer of mulch around your
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              lines, and blocked sprinkler heads. Make needed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              repairs or modifications immediately.



                                                                                                                 Five
                                                                                                                                      free. To ensure that your xeriscape stays beautiful                                             plants. Remember that even the best-designed                Now that the hard work is over, you’ll have
                                                                                                                                      and water-wise, you’ll need to periodically fertilize,                                          irrigation system must be maintained to retain its      more time to enjoy your new xeriscape!
                                                                                                                                      prune, weed, mow and control pests.                                                             optimum efficiency. Check regularly for broken


                                                                                                                                      T H I S L O V E LY L A N D S C A P E ( L E F T ) F E AT U R E S A W AT E R - W I S E L AW N O F S L O W - G R O W I N G
                                                                                                                                      B L U E G R A M A G R A S S A N D L AV E N D E R - F L O W E R E D C R E E P I N G T H Y M E .

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Welcome to Xeriscaping - New Mexico

  • 1. P RODUCED BY S CHULTZ C OMMUNICATIONS . D ESIGNED BY G IANOPOULOS D ESIGN . P HOTOGRAPHY BY C HARLES M ANN E XCEPT W HERE N OTED . 1 - 8 0 0 - WAT E R - N M Accept no substitutes! Xeriscaping is the natural and water-wise way to beautify New Mexico. State Engineer Office Water Conservation Program State Engineer Office Water Conservation Program zeroscaping tends to be hot and boring. Because it uses so much rock and so few of the same plants, and an oasis-like feeling. variety of native and other water-efficient plants to create color, interest Genuine xeriscapes are lush and beautiful. Xeriscapes use a wide is now called “zeroscaping.” It is not the same as xeriscaping. sparse plants to create low-water-use landscaping. This kind of landscaping Carol Schneider Dumont, Craig O’Hare, Judith Phillips and George Radnovich. Once upon a time, some landscapers used lots of rocks and a few of Reclamation, Doug Bennett, J. Hunter Ten Broeck, David Cristiani, Xeriscaping Is Not “Zeroscaping” Special thanks to: New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, U.S. Bureau Acknowledgements T H E X E R I C L A N D S C A P E A B O V E R E C R E AT E S T H E F E E L O F A M O U N TA I N S T R E A M B E D . J U S T B E C A U S E X E R I S C A P E S S AV E W AT E R D O E S N ’ T M E A N T H E Y H AV E T O B E D R Y A N D B O R I N G . edited by Kathleen N. Brenzel, Xeriscape Plant Guide Fulcrum Publishing Xeriscape Flower Gardener by James Knopf, Sunset Western Landscaping Book Phillips, Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke, The Natural by Design by Judith Phillips, Plants for Natural Gardens by Judith Suggested Reading Engineer Office Water Conservation Program. each area, see The Enchanted Xeriscape brochure available from the State about New Mexico’s climate zones and specific plants recommended for directly affect the plants that will grow and thrive. For more information to high elevation. The specific climate characteristics of your area will New Mexico’s climate varies greatly from north to south and from low To Learn More A D D B R I G H T LY C O L O R E D N AT I V E F L O W E R S S U C H A S P E N S T E M O N T O Y O U R X E R I S C A P E . Creating a Water-wise Yard your old, water-thirsty landscape into an attractive water-wise xeriscape. A Step-By-Step Guide to brochure gives you step-by-step information that will help you convert Xeriscaping with water-wise plants makes sense in New Mexico. This And xeriscapes require far less ongoing maintenance. require little or no supplemental watering once they are established.) needed by traditional lawn-dominated landscapes. (Some xeric plants professional to determine if your existing irrigation system can be used.) enchanting and beautiful. The best xeriscapes use a fraction of the water cally cost approximately $0.20 per square foot. (It’s advisable to consult a But xeriscapes aren’t dry and dull. Well-designed xeriscapes are an existing irrigation system. A do-it-yourself irrigation conversion will typi- no matter where in the state you live! Plan on paying a professional $0.60 or more per square foot to convert is a pretty good way to describe the natural landscapes of New Mexico– install the plants yourself. xeriscape is derived from the Greek word, xeros, which means dry. And dry have the hardscape and irrigation system professionally installed and then using plants that are appropriate to the natural environment. The term more of the cost by doing the installation yourself. You might choose to Xeriscaping is the fine art of creating water-efficient landscapes by Of course, once you’ve got your landscape plan you can save 50% or $4.00 a square foot or more, depending upon the complexity of your job. Paying a professional to install your landscaping may cost from $1.00 to Xeriscaping! xeriscape is not much more expensive than a high-water-use landscape. If you hire a landscape designer and start from scratch, installing a How Much Does It Cost? Welcome to Consider a Three-Year In xeriscaping, plants are grouped into specific zones Conversion Plan Water Zones: based upon the water needs of Whether you choose to do your own EasyAs1-2-3 the plants and the functions xeriscaping or hire a professional, you have you want your yard to serve. the option of converting your landscape all at Zoning creates a water-efficient once or in stages. Here’s one way to convert landscape that is both beautiful ZONE your landscape using a three-year timeline: and functional. Three Start by listing your Zone 1: Arid ZONE needs and evaluating your Y E A R The arid zone features the site. Then complete your Before & After Two most drought-tolerant vegeta- design. Begin making the One tion. Choose native plants and ZONE other varieties that rarely structural changes (enlarg- ing the patio area, adding a shade structure, One require supplemental watering. etc.) If you’re anxious to start planting, Often, the most arid zones are select an area away from the house that can located away from the house be converted to an arid zone. If necessary, and other high-traffic areas. cap the nearby sprinkler heads and modify the existing watering system to suit the new Zone 2: Transition Zone 3: Mini-Oasis plantings. Begin removing plants that don’t The transition zone is used to blend lush The lush, mini-oasis zone includes the highest- fit into your new plan, including difficult-to- areas with the drier parts of a landscape. water-use plants and your lawn area. The shady north control perennial weeds, such as bindweed, This zone takes advantage of low- and and east sides of your home are perfectly suited for and bermuda grass. moderate-water-use plants. Choose plants oasis areas. This zone can also include areas that that need infrequent supplemental watering receive rainfall runoff from roof lines and downspouts. Now it’s time to intro- (once a week or less). Try to place this zone near your house. duce the new design ele- YEAR ments into your xeriscape. DRIP EMITTERS DELIVER A Reduce your turf area (if Two Water Tips S P E C I F I E D A M O U N T O F W AT E R that’s part of your plan). P E R H O U R — T Y P I C A L LY F R O M A HALF GALLON TO AS MUCH Finish converting your irrigation system by AS FOUR GALLONS. capping sprinkler heads or converting them P H OTO S C O U R T E SY O F R A I N D R I P, I N C . to multi-emitter hydrants. Add your new xeric plants.You might also want to plant some New Plants Need More Water annuals this year to fill in the empty spaces Even the most drought-resistant native until your perennials and xeric shrubs grow in. plants need supplemental water during the first year or two to get established. Once established, Your xeric plants are A M U LT I -E M I T T E R H Y D R A N T C A N R E P L AC E A N O L D S P R I N K L E R H E A D . reduce supplemental watering or eliminate it now becoming established, Y E A R altogether (depending upon the plant). Follow so you should be able to The Basics of Drip Irrigation instructions from a plant nursery and/or check cut back on the supple- Three Drip irrigation is the perfect method for watering each plant for clues to the water it needs. mental water. Finish plant- most shrubs, perennials and trees. Drip irrigation systems ing, then concentrate on maintenance. save water because they deliver slow, steady amounts How Much Mulch? Remove competitive plants and weeds. of water directly to plant roots. As a result, drip systems One cubic yard of mulch will cover 100 square Make sure there’s at least a three- to four- cut down on evaporation, runoff and overspray. feet of landscape to a depth of three to four inch-thick layer of mulch around your plants Drip systems can be professionally installed by inches. Shredded bark and crushed rock are two and trees. Check the irrigation system most landscape contractors. For do-it-yourselfers, drip of the most popular types of mulch, and both periodically and repair any clogs or leaks. irrigation kits are available at hardware stores, home are readily available at garden center stores or P H OTO S C O U R T E SY J. H U N T E R T E N B R O E C K Enjoy your low-maintenance yard! centers and nurseries. through landscape contractors.
  • 2. P RODUCED BY S CHULTZ C OMMUNICATIONS . D ESIGNED BY G IANOPOULOS D ESIGN . P HOTOGRAPHY BY C HARLES M ANN E XCEPT W HERE N OTED . 1 - 8 0 0 - WAT E R - N M Accept no substitutes! Xeriscaping is the natural and water-wise way to beautify New Mexico. State Engineer Office Water Conservation Program State Engineer Office Water Conservation Program zeroscaping tends to be hot and boring. Because it uses so much rock and so few of the same plants, and an oasis-like feeling. variety of native and other water-efficient plants to create color, interest Genuine xeriscapes are lush and beautiful. Xeriscapes use a wide is now called “zeroscaping.” It is not the same as xeriscaping. sparse plants to create low-water-use landscaping. This kind of landscaping Carol Schneider Dumont, Craig O’Hare, Judith Phillips and George Radnovich. Once upon a time, some landscapers used lots of rocks and a few of Reclamation, Doug Bennett, J. Hunter Ten Broeck, David Cristiani, Xeriscaping Is Not “Zeroscaping” Special thanks to: New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, U.S. Bureau Acknowledgements T H E X E R I C L A N D S C A P E A B O V E R E C R E AT E S T H E F E E L O F A M O U N TA I N S T R E A M B E D . J U S T B E C A U S E X E R I S C A P E S S AV E W AT E R D O E S N ’ T M E A N T H E Y H AV E T O B E D R Y A N D B O R I N G . edited by Kathleen N. Brenzel, Xeriscape Plant Guide Fulcrum Publishing Xeriscape Flower Gardener by James Knopf, Sunset Western Landscaping Book Phillips, Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke, The Natural by Design by Judith Phillips, Plants for Natural Gardens by Judith Suggested Reading Engineer Office Water Conservation Program. each area, see The Enchanted Xeriscape brochure available from the State about New Mexico’s climate zones and specific plants recommended for directly affect the plants that will grow and thrive. For more information to high elevation. The specific climate characteristics of your area will New Mexico’s climate varies greatly from north to south and from low To Learn More A D D B R I G H T LY C O L O R E D N AT I V E F L O W E R S S U C H A S P E N S T E M O N T O Y O U R X E R I S C A P E . Creating a Water-wise Yard Creating a Water-wise Yard your old, water-thirsty landscape into an attractive water-wise xeriscape. A Step-By-Step Guide to A Step-By-Step Guide to brochure gives you step-by-step information that will help you convert Xeriscaping with water-wise plants makes sense in New Mexico. This And xeriscapes require far less ongoing maintenance. require little or no supplemental watering once they are established.) needed by traditional lawn-dominated landscapes. (Some xeric plants professional to determine if your existing irrigation system can be used.) enchanting and beautiful. The best xeriscapes use a fraction of the water cally cost approximately $0.20 per square foot. (It’s advisable to consult a But xeriscapes aren’t dry and dull. Well-designed xeriscapes are an existing irrigation system. A do-it-yourself irrigation conversion will typi- no matter where in the state you live! Plan on paying a professional $0.60 or more per square foot to convert is a pretty good way to describe the natural landscapes of New Mexico– install the plants yourself. xeriscape is derived from the Greek word, xeros, which means dry. And dry have the hardscape and irrigation system professionally installed and then using plants that are appropriate to the natural environment. The term more of the cost by doing the installation yourself. You might choose to Xeriscaping is the fine art of creating water-efficient landscapes by Of course, once you’ve got your landscape plan you can save 50% or $4.00 a square foot or more, depending upon the complexity of your job. Paying a professional to install your landscaping may cost from $1.00 to Xeriscaping! xeriscape is not much more expensive than a high-water-use landscape. If you hire a landscape designer and start from scratch, installing a How Much Does It Cost? Welcome to Consider a Three-Year In xeriscaping, plants are grouped into specific zones Conversion Plan Water Zones: based upon the water needs of Whether you choose to do your own EasyAs1-2-3 the plants and the functions xeriscaping or hire a professional, you have you want your yard to serve. the option of converting your landscape all at Zoning creates a water-efficient once or in stages. Here’s one way to convert landscape that is both beautiful ZONE and functional. your landscape using a three-year timeline: Three Start by listing your Zone 1: Arid ZONE needs and evaluating your Y E A R site. Then complete your design. Begin making the One Before & After ZONE Two The arid zone features the most drought-tolerant vegeta- tion. Choose native plants and structural changes (enlarg- other varieties that rarely ing the patio area, adding a shade structure, One require supplemental watering. etc.) If you’re anxious to start planting, Often, the most arid zones are select an area away from the house that can located away from the house be converted to an arid zone. If necessary, and other high-traffic areas. cap the nearby sprinkler heads and modify the existing watering system to suit the new Zone 2: Transition Zone 3: Mini-Oasis plantings. Begin removing plants that don’t The transition zone is used to blend lush The lush, mini-oasis zone includes the highest- fit into your new plan, including difficult-to- areas with the drier parts of a landscape. water-use plants and your lawn area. The shady north control perennial weeds, such as bindweed, This zone takes advantage of low- and and east sides of your home are perfectly suited for and bermuda grass. moderate-water-use plants. Choose plants oasis areas. This zone can also include areas that that need infrequent supplemental watering receive rainfall runoff from roof lines and downspouts. Now it’s time to intro- (once a week or less). Try to place this zone near your house. duce the new design ele- YEAR ments into your xeriscape. Reduce your turf area (if that’s part of your plan). Two Water Tips DRIP EMITTERS DELIVER A S P E C I F I E D A M O U N T O F W AT E R P E R H O U R — T Y P I C A L LY F R O M Finish converting your irrigation system by A HALF GALLON TO AS MUCH AS FOUR GALLONS. capping sprinkler heads or converting them P H OTO S C O U R T E SY O F R A I N D R I P, I N C . to multi-emitter hydrants. Add your new xeric plants.You might also want to plant some New Plants Need More Water annuals this year to fill in the empty spaces Even the most drought-resistant native until your perennials and xeric shrubs grow in. plants need supplemental water during the first year or two to get established. Once established, Your xeric plants are A M U LT I -E M I T T E R H Y D R A N T C A N R E P L AC E A N O L D S P R I N K L E R H E A D . reduce supplemental watering or eliminate it now becoming established, Y E A R altogether (depending upon the plant). Follow so you should be able to cut back on the supple- mental water. Finish plant- Three The Basics of Drip Irrigation Drip irrigation is the perfect method for watering most shrubs, perennials and trees. Drip irrigation systems instructions from a plant nursery and/or check each plant for clues to the water it needs. P H OTO S C O U R T E SY J. H U N T E R T E N B R O E C K ing, then concentrate on maintenance. save water because they deliver slow, steady amounts How Much Mulch? Remove competitive plants and weeds. of water directly to plant roots. As a result, drip systems One cubic yard of mulch will cover 100 square Make sure there’s at least a three- to four- cut down on evaporation, runoff and overspray. feet of landscape to a depth of three to four inch-thick layer of mulch around your plants Drip systems can be professionally installed by inches. Shredded bark and crushed rock are two and trees. Check the irrigation system most landscape contractors. For do-it-yourselfers, drip of the most popular types of mulch, and both periodically and repair any clogs or leaks. irrigation kits are available at hardware stores, home are readily available at garden center stores or Enjoy your low-maintenance yard! centers and nurseries. through landscape contractors.
  • 3. A five-stepguide tocreating awater-wise landscape Make a Wish List How Will the Landscape Be Used? scape. What “look” are you most comfortable with? STEP Before you lift a shovel, before you purchase a single plant, before you call a local landscaper If you need an active recreation area where the kids can play, a small turf area may be in order. Your landscape should reveal your personality while reflecting the regional ecology. Pay close One for assistance, you need to ask yourself a few ques- If what you really want is an “outdoor living room” attention to your favorite landscapes so you can tions about the kind of yard you want to create. where you can lounge in a hammock and enjoy re-create some of their best features in your yard. the views, consider expanding your patio area What’s Your Primary Focus? with additional shade structures and adding low- Is Privacy Important to You? Is water conservation, low maintenance or water-use trees and shrubs to provide privacy. Landscaping can do a marvelous job of shield- a wildlife-friendly habitat your primary goal? Is ing your property from the next-door neighbors. having an aesthetically beautiful yard that’s the What Do Your Favorite Landscapes Look Like? Conversely, there may be views you want to envy of the neighbors at the top of your wish Xeriscape styles can range from the formal enhance. Knowing the mature size of the plants list? All of these are important considerations and look of an English country garden to the native and trees you ultimately select will ensure that will influence the design of your landscape. look of a naturally occurring New Mexican land- you get the views or privacy you desire. B E F O R E Y O U B E G I N Y O U R L A N D S C A P E D E S I G N , M A K E A “ W I S H L I S T ” O F Y O U R F AV O R I T E P L A N T S . T H E A B O V E X E R I S C A P E U S E S W AT E R - T H R I F T Y P L A N T S O F M A N Y COLORS AND TEXTURES. Take Inventory and should be removed? Are there some plants parts of the present system be converted for your STEP The physical characteristics of the site should be considered. Every property has its own “micro- that you absolutely want to keep? Established plants that will remain in the landscape will new xeriscape? Using existing irrigation for your new “mini-oasis” zones can make the conversion Two climates” which will affect design and plant influence the water zoning of your new design. to xeriscape easier and less expensive. (Keep in choices. For example, the sunny west and south mind that it’s best to have your lawn on one sides of a house typically have warm micro-climates Downsize Your Lawn irrigation system valve and your trees, shrubs and are well suited for arid, drought-tolerant plants. Instead of using turf grass to cover large and flowers on another.) The cooler north and east sides offer better climates areas of ground, choose your lawn size to fit your This is also a good time to walk around the for oasis zones. (For more information, see the family’s needs. Consider drought-tolerant grasses neighborhood and visit local garden stores to “Water Zones: Easy As 1-2-3” section.) such as buffalograss and blue grama, or water- identify the plants you’d like to have in your new As you conduct a walk-through inspection of wise groundcovers and shrubs. landscape. There are also many high quality books the site, pay particular attention to the existing Also examine your existing irrigation system. about southwestern plants and design which you plants. Are there some plants which are in decline Note the location of your sprinkler heads. Can any can use as resources. E X A M I N E Y O U R P R O P E R T Y F O R M I C R O - C L I M AT E Z O N E S . T H E S E D E L I G H T F U L R U D B E C K I A (ALSO KNOWN AS GLORIOSA DAISY OR BLACK-EYED SUSAN) WILL THRIVE IN MOST OASIS AND TRANSITION ZONES. Make a Plan structures, new patio areas and/or new walkways, Low-Water-Use Plants STEP Now that you’ve done your “homework,” it’s time to sit down and design your new landscape. you might want to hire a professional landscaper. If you’re going to do it yourself, look for ideas and Choose native and low-water-use plants whenever possible. A wonderful variety of water- Three You can create your own landscape plan or you instructions in garden design books. The sales staff wise plants can grow in New Mexico. Some plants can call upon a professional designer or landscaper at local home center stores can also be helpful in are perfect for adding year-round greenery and for assistance. Either way, you must incorporate deciding what materials you’ll need and how to get texture, others are great for adding a splash of your needs and wants from Step 1 and the physical the job done. seasonal color. Select the plants that are best characteristics from Step 2 into an overall land- suited to your region and to your site’s micro- scape design. Irrigation System climates. Your design will consist of the hardscape Your new irrigation system should be designed For beauty and visual interest all year long, (paving and walkways), the architectural features to incorporate your xeriscape plan’s water zones. select evergreen plants to cover at least 20-30% (such as shade structures and walls), the irrigation For efficient use of water, turf and other high-water- of your landscape. system and the plants you want. use areas must be irrigated separately from native Your final xeriscape design should meet your and xeric plants. Turf lawns are best watered by needs and provide beautiful and water-wise Hardscapes and Architectural Features sprinklers or subsurface irrigation. Trees, shrubs, surroundings. If you plan to make major renovations to your flowers and groundcovers can be watered efficiently landscape that involve construction of shade with low-volume drip emitters, sprayers and bubblers. H A R D S C A P I N G C A N I N C L U D E W A L K WAY S , S H A D E S T R U C T U R E S A N D S T R AT E G I C A L LY P L A C E D B O U L D E R S . C O N S I D E R U S I N G E V E R G R E E N S T O A D D V I S UA L I N T E R E S T D U R I N G C O L D - W E AT H E R M O N T H S . Install Your Xeriscape water to planting areas by creating berms (hills) regulations and should have backflow preventers STEP Hardscape, Irrigation and Plants Now that all the planning is done, it’s time to and swales (depressions). As you convert your landscape to xeriscape, to protect your family’s safety. Remember, you should not mix bubblers, drip Four get to work! Start with the big jobs first. A good modify or replace your irrigation system as needed. emitters and lawn sprinklers on the same auto- rule of thumb: construction first, then irrigation Make sure plants with similar watering needs and matic zone. Irrigation companies, garden stores or system, then planting. rooting depths are watered by the same irrigation other professionals can provide valuable advice. Before you begin any construction projects valve. And always place your lawn on a separate yourself (such as creating walkways or grading valve from other plantings. Soil Improvements the soil), seriously weigh the advantages of get- In some cases, conventional lawn spray-heads Before you plant, you may need to add soil ting professional assistance. Hiring a pro can may be converted to drip systems with multiple amendments (such as compost) that will enable make the job go much faster (but it will also be outlet adapters for drip emitters. (Because drip your soil to better absorb water. However, if more expensive). systems require less than 30 pounds per square you’re landscaping with native plants, you may You may want to consult with an irrigation inch of water pressure, a pressure-reducing valve not need to add anything to your soil. Many professional for advice on a new watering system will be needed to protect the system.) Soaker hoses well-adapted xeric plants actually prefer not to to ensure that your trees, shrubs, plants and and micro-sprayers are other irrigation options. have too rich a soil. For these hardy natives, all grasses receive the appropriate amounts of water. Set up your drip system so that it drains you’ll need to do is loosen the soil a little before Using your xeriscape plan, examine the prop- properly to prevent freezing. Make sure that it can you plant. (Ask the nursery professional where erty again for ways to use concrete and rooftops be cleaned or flushed out to prevent clogging. you buy your plants about the specific soil to direct rainwater to plants. You can also direct Your irrigation system must also meet code requirements of the plants you select.) HARDY PERENNIALS SUCH AS GAILLARDIA (SOMETIMES KNOWN AS INDIAN BLANKET FLOWER) CAN ADD COLOR TO YOUR LANDSCAPE YEAR AFTER YEAR. Maintain and Enjoy! To ensure continued water savings and to sprinkler heads, leaks, clogged drip emitters or STEP Even though successful xeriscapes are low maintenance, they aren’t completely maintenance maintain an effective weed barrier, keep a three- to four-inch-thick layer of mulch around your lines, and blocked sprinkler heads. Make needed repairs or modifications immediately. Five free. To ensure that your xeriscape stays beautiful plants. Remember that even the best-designed Now that the hard work is over, you’ll have and water-wise, you’ll need to periodically fertilize, irrigation system must be maintained to retain its more time to enjoy your new xeriscape! prune, weed, mow and control pests. optimum efficiency. Check regularly for broken T H I S L O V E LY L A N D S C A P E ( L E F T ) F E AT U R E S A W AT E R - W I S E L AW N O F S L O W - G R O W I N G B L U E G R A M A G R A S S A N D L AV E N D E R - F L O W E R E D C R E E P I N G T H Y M E .