research guide

1. BASIC FORMAT

2. CHAPTER I
The Problem and its Background
■ Introduction
■ Statement of the Problem
■ Significant of the Study
■ Scope and Delimitation of the Study

3. CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature
■ Relevant Literature
■ Relevant Studies
■ Conceptual Framework
■ Hypothesis
■ Definition ofTerms

4. CHAPTER III
Methods of Research
■ Methods andTechnique of the Study
■ Population and Sample of the Study
■ Research Instruments
■ Data Gathering Procedure
■ Data Processing and StatisticalTreatment

5. THE PROBLEM AND
ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter presents the introduction, the
statement of the problem, the significance of the study
and the scope and delimitation of the study.

6. INTRODUCTION
FUNNEL METHOD
GENERAL STATEMENTS
HIGHLIGHTTRENDS
POINTTHE PROBLEM
ROLE OF RESEARCH IN
BRIDGINGTHETRENDS
&THE PROBLEM
CONTRIBUTION/
RATIONALE

7. STATEMENTOFTHE PROBLEM
PROBLEM
GENERAL SPECIFIC
“The main purpose of this study is
to determine…….”
“Specifically it will seek to answer the following
questions:”
(1) How is the demographic profile of the
respondents be described in terms of year
level;
(2) How is the (1st variable) be described;
(3) How is the (2nd variable) be described;
(4) Statistically how is the relation of (1st variable)
and (2nd variable) be described?

8. Significance of the Study
■ Indicates the importance of the study to any group
which may derive any form of benefits from the
findings of the study
– Who do you think will benefit from the result of the
study?
– What particular benefits for particular beneficiaries
could be derived from the study?
The researchers believed that the findings of the study will benefit a number of people.
Teachers. The findings of the study will give them insights ……
Administrators. The study will serve as a challenge to find reason for an intensification of the
program…….
Parents. This will help the parents in understanding….
Students. The researchers believed that the students may greatly benefit from this study.

9. Scope and Delimitation of the Study
■ It presents the coverage or boundaries of the
research study, in terms of areas the issues, the
respondents, the period of the study, and the
limitations or constraints of the study, if any.
This study was delimited to determine…..

10. REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE AND
STUDIES
This chapter presents, the related literature, local and
foreign studies, and its legal basis.

11. RRL
■ RelatedTheories
■ Related Literatures
■ Related Studies
■ Legal Basis

12. Conceptual/Theoretical Framework
■ Theoretical framework bridges the present
study with existing theories in the process of
analyzing, interpreting, and harmonizing
findings arising from similar or related
constructs
■ Conceptual framework use concepts which
are assumed to be true but they remain to be
proven

13. Hypothesis (es)
■ It is a formal statement of the expected relationships between two or
more variables in a specified population.
■ It should be observable, in the sense that the explanation could
empirically be manifested.
– “There is no significant difference between the performance of the
male female nurses in the healthcare delivery.”
■ It should be reasonable and should clearly indicate the relationship
between variables.
– “There will be a difference between the performance of male and
female nurses in nursing care.”
Based on the questions conceptualized at the outset of the study, the hypotheses tested
for acceptance or rejection were:

14. Hypothesis (es)
■ It should be measurable or tested.
– “there is no significant difference between the mathematics
achievement of boys and girls in GradeVI.”
■ It should follow the findings of the previous studies.
– “The use of instructional technology brings better learning results
among the nursing students than the use of traditional method.”
Based on the questions conceptualized at the outset of the study, the hypotheses tested
for acceptance or rejection were:

15. Definition ofTerms
■ Only the key terms should be defined.
■ The key terms are important words or terminologies
which are needed in facilitating understanding the
problem under study.
■ These terms to be defined should be alphabetically
arranged.
Certain terms were defined conceptually and operationally in order to provide a
better understanding of the study.

16. METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the method of research utilized in this
study, the respondents, the sampling technique used, the
instrument, the statistical treatment of the data, the research
locale, together with procedure of analysis

17. Methods of Research
■ Historical
■ Descriptive
■ Experimental

18. SamplingTechniques
■ Sampling is a method of selecting a representative
portion of a population
■ A tool that facilitates the selection of the number of
respondents necessary to establish the reliability and
validity of research findings, especially in cases where
the population would unnecessarily affect the
timetable of the research

19. ■ Population refers to the whole group that comprises
the members of the defined class of people, events or
objects
■ Samples refers to the members of the group or of the
class which are the subjects of observation and also
drawn from the same population
■ Respondents or participants refers to the individuals
actually involved in the study, who answer
questionnaires from which the needed data are
obtained.

20. Types Sampling
■ Random Sampling
– Fishbowl or Lottery
– Systematic Sampling
– Stratified Sampling
– Cluster Sampling
■ Non-ramdom Sampling
– Purposive Sampling
– Convenience Sampling
– Incidental Sampling
– Quota Sampling
– Total Sampling
– Snowball Sampling

21. Research Instruments
■ Explain the construction, validation, and
administration of the research instruments including
the instructions on how each part of the instruments
should be accompanied by the respondents.
■ For an instrument made by the researcher, the
process of validation should clearly be narrated.

22. Data Gathering Procedure
■ This portion contains instructions or directions
on how to answer each of the problems of the
study.

23. StatisticalTreatment of Data
■ In choosing the appropriate statistical
evaluative technique, the researcher with the
aid of his/her statistician should first look into
the kind of data that will be gathered for the
study.