4. Stems
• There are branched and non-branched stems
• Several plants have cambial stems (in
dicots), and some have no cambium (in
monocots)
• Has vascular vesssels(pembuluh pengangkut)
in several xylem and phloem
5. Leaf
• Most of close-seeded plants have wide
leaves, single or plural with various
composition
• Have various leaf venations, namely pinnate
(menyirip), palmate (menjari), and parallel-
veined (sejajar).
6. Flowers
• Composed of sterile and fertile petals
(sporophyll)
• Sterile petals are consisted of calyx and corolla
• Fertile petals (sporophyll) are consisted of
microsporophyll (stamen) and megasporophyll
(pistil)
• Stamen is male reproduction organ and pistil
is female reproduction organ
7.
8. DIFFERENCES
PLANT’S
DICOTS MONOCOTS
ORGAN
Seed Have 2 cotyledons Have 1 cotyledons
Root Taproot Fibrous root
Stem Like a long branched Have same size from
cone beginning to the end
Leaf Leaf venetation is Leaf venetation is
palmate or pinnate parallel-veined
Flower Amount of each part Amount of each part of
of flower is multiple of flower is multiple of
2, 4, or 5 three (3)
9.
10.
11. Female Gamet Formation
• Gamet betina dibentuk di dalam bakal biji
(ovule) atau kantung lembaga.
• Pada bagian itu ada sel induk megaspore (sel
induk kantung lembaga) yang diploid.
• Membelah secara meiosis terbentuk → 4 sel
yang haploid (3 sel mereduksi, 1 sel
berkembang).
• Membelah secara mitosis 3X (1 sel 2sel 4 sel 8
sel ) terbentuk 8 inti sel haploid.
12. Next
• 3 sel menuju mikrofil/celah bakal biji (2 sel
sinergid, 1 sel telur).
• 2 sel menjadi kandung lembaga sekunder.
• 3 Sel menuju arah yang berlawanan dengan
mikrofil → antipoda
13. Male Gamet Formation
• Pembentukan butir serbuk terjadi dalam
kantung sari.
• Sel induk butir serbuk sari (diploid) membelah
secara meiosis→empat sel butir serbuk
(haploid).
• Masing-masing butir serbuk membelah secara
mitosis → satu inti vegetatif dan satu inti
generatif.
14. Next
• Serbuk sari yang jatuh di kepala putik terdiri atas satu sel dan
dua dinding pembungkus (eksin/selaput luar dan intin/selaput
dalam).
• Eksin pecah.
• Intin membuat pembuluh serbuk sari.
• Buluh serbuk tumbuh dan menuju ruang bakal biji.
• Inti serbuk sari membelah → satu inti vegetatif (besar, di depan)
dan satu inti generatif (kecil, di belakang).
• Inti generatif membelah menjadi 2 inti generatif (spermatozoid).
19. Angiospermae Classification
1. Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Monochlamydeae
a. Ordo : Casuarinales (Verticillatae)
Family : Casuarinaceae
Species : Casuarina equisetifolia, C.junghuhniana
b. Ordo : Urticales
Family : Moraceae
Species : Ficus benjamina, F.religiosa,
F.glomerata, Artocarpus integra,
A.comunis,A.champeden,Castiloa elastica
20. c. Ordo : Piperales
Family : Pepiraceae
Species : Piper nigrum, Piper betle, Heckeria
umbellata
d. Ordo : Euphorbiales
Family : Euphorbiaceae
Species : Codieum variegatum, Hevea
brasiliensis, Ricinus communis,
Sauropus androgynus
21. Subclass : Dialypetalae
a. Ordo : Polycarpicae
̴ Family : Annonaceae
Species : Cananga odorata, Annona muricata,
Annona squamosa
̴ Family : Nymphaeaceae
Species : Nymphaea lotus, Nelumbo nucifera
(Page:228 =>> Theory and application of Biology
1, Tiga Serangkai)
22. ………………lanjutan
a. Ordo : Zingiberales
̴ Family : Musaceae
Species: Musa paradisiaca
̴ Family : Zingiberaceae
Species: Alpinia galaga, Curcuma domestica,
Zingiber officinale
̴ Family : Cannaceae
Species: Canna indica
23. b. Ordo : Gynandrae
Family : Orchidaceae
Species : Dendrobium crumenatum,
Phalaenopis amabilis
c. Ordo : Arecales
̴ Family : Arecaceae
Species : Areca catechu, Arenga pinnata,
Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis,
Phoenix dactylifera
̴ Family : Araceae
Species : Anthurium crystallinum,
Colocasia esculenta
