Leading Mobile App Development Companies in India (2).pdf
GMSK with GSM
1.
2. GSM
What ?
GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications.
Formerly: Group Special Mobile
When ?
1982: GSM created to set standard.
1988: Industrial development started.
1991: First system deployed.
Why ?
Higher digital voice quality.
Low cost alternatives for making calls and sms
5. BSS consists of three element
BTS ( Base transceiver station)
BSC ( Base station controller )
TC ( Tran coder)
Base station Controller :
Time and frequency synchronizing
Decoding, decrypting
Uplink channel measurements
Base Transceiver Station:
Connect between the mobile and the MSC.
Time and frequency synchronization
Power management
6. Network Switching Subsystem (NSS)
NSS typically consists of following
elements
MSC (Mobile switching center)
HLR (Home location register )
VLR ( visitor location register )
AUC (Authentication center )
EIR ( Equipment identity register)
GMSC ( Gate way mobile switching
center )
7. HLR:
Function
1. Subscriber identity
2. Subscriber supplementary services
3. Subscriber location information
4. Subscriber authentication information
VLR :
It is a temporary database .
Stores only information of subscriber those are in that
MSC.
Every MSC has its own VLR
When a subscriber roams into a new MSC service area, the
VLR connected to that MSC requests information about
the subscriber from the subscriber's HLR.
8. EIR :
Data base used to store mobile identity
Help us blocking calls from stolen MS
AUC:
AUC is a database connected to the HLR
Function is to authenticate the subscribers
attempting to use a network.
9. MSKmodulation is one type of FSK modulation, but it
occupies even less bandwidth than FSK modulation so the
bandwidth is interrupted by very little noise. The fact that
noise is low means that it has a high carrier-to-noise ratio
and good receiver sensitivity which gives it a long range
with stable communication. The modulation index of sub-carrier
MSK modulation is MSK modulation, so it’s m =
0.5.
GMSK modulation is based on MSK, which is itself a form
of continuous-phase frequency-shift keying. One of the
problems with standard forms of PSK is that sidebands
extend out from the carrier. To overcome this, MSK
and its derivative GMSK can be used.
10. MSK:
Minimum shifting keying .
MSK gives us half cycle sinusoidal wave for a symbol
11.
12. GMSK:
Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying.
Continuous phase digital frequency modulation
Modulation index h=1/2
Gaussian Frequency Shaping Filter
GMSK = MSK + Gaussian filter
Characterized by the value of BT
T = bit duration
B = 3dB Bandwidth of the shaping filter
BT = 0.3 for GSM Bandwidth Time
BT = 0.5 for DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications)
Data rate: 270.8 kbps
13. Signal using MSK modulation
Spectral density of MSK and GMSK signals
14. GMSK generator
Voltage control oscillator
Generating GMSK using a Gaussian filter and VCO
16. GMSK PROPERTIES
Improved spectral efficiency.
Power Spectral Density.
Reduced main lobe over MSK
Requires more power to transmit data than many
comparable modulation schemes.
Self synchronizing capability
Constant envelope over entire B.W
Good BER performance
17. APPLICATION
Most widely used in the Global System for Mobile
Communications (GSM).
Used for CDPD (cellular digital packet data)overlay
network.
Used for GPRS system
18. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
High spectral efficiency.
Reducing sideband power.
Excellent power efficiency
due to constant envelope.
Good choice for voice
modulation.
Higher power level than
QPSK.
Requiring more complex
channel equalization
algorithms such as an
adaptive equalizer at the
receiver.
Inter symbol interference