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Analysis of Beams in SAP2000

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Anas Ramadan
Anas Ramadan
Technology
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‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس / اﻳﻤﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺴﻼم اﻟﺰهﻴﺮي‬ ‫1‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫- أهﺪاء :-‬ ‫1- اﻟﻲ آﻞ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻳﻄﻤﻊ اﻟﻲ ﻏﺪ اﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻮم .‬ ‫2- اﻟﻲ زوﺟﺘﻲ واﺑﻨﻲ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ.‬ ‫3- اﻟﻲ اﺑﻲ واﻣﻲ واﺧﻮﺗﻲ ) اﺣﻤﺪ و ﻣﺤﻤﺪ و ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ( .‬ ‫4- اﻟﻲ اﺳﺘﺎذي ا.د / ﻋﺎﻃﻒ ﻋﺮاﻗﻲ .‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻬﻢ اﺟﻌﻞ هﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺧﺎﻟﺼﺎ ﻟﻮﺟﻬﻚ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫2‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Course Contents :- 1- Analysis of Beams 11- Analysis of Stairs 2- Analysis of Frames 12- Elevated Tank 3- Analysis of Multi-story Frames 13- From AutoCAD to Sap2000 4- Analysis of Trusses 14- Wind Forces 5- Design using SAP2000 15- Equivalent Static Method 6- Analysis of Solid Slab 16- Response Spectrum Method 7- Analysis of Solid & Flat Slab 17- Time History Method 8- Design using Excel 18- Examples 9- Analysis of Foundation 10- Analysis of Plates 3 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫-41‪SAP2000-V‬‬ ‫‪Structure Analysis Program‬‬ ‫* هﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت .‬ ‫‪Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫‪Non-Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫- هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫-هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ آﺒﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن آﺒﻴﺮ.‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺻﻐﻴﺮ.‬ ‫-‪EX:- Beam – Frames – Trusses‬‬ ‫-‪EX:- Slab – Raft – Tanks - Tunnle‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Area‬‬ ‫‪ Element‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال )‪ (X-Y Plan‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال) ‪(X-Z Plan‬‬ ‫4‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫* اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺤﻞ أي ﻣﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎهﻴﻦ ‪. X & Y‬‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺘﻴﻦ :-‬ ‫اﻻوﻟﻲ:- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع )اﺳﻤﻪ – اﺑﻌﺎدﻩ – ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﺎدﻩ (‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﻪ:-ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ اﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺮﺳﻢ .‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮﻩ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Beams – Slabs – Columns‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺳﻮاء آﺎﻧﺖ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :‬ ‫‪Point load – Uniform load – Surface load‬‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب ال ‪ Straining Actions‬وﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺈﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ .‬ ‫5‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﺪﺧﻮل ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ:-‬ ‫1- اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪ Short Cut‬ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ .‬ ‫‪SAP2000 14.lnk‬‬ ‫2- ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ :-‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪New Model‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻠﻒ ﻓﺎرغ‬ ‫6‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫* ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ :-‬ ‫7‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ . ‫ ( ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬Click) ‫1- اﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻋﻠﻲ اي ﻣﻜﺎن داﺧﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ وﻋﻤﻞ‬ *Edit Grid Data Modify/Show System ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﺗﺮاآﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ X-Grid data Y-Grid data Z-Grid data -: ‫2- او ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ‬ * Define Coordinate System / Grid Modify/Show System 8 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
Analysis of Skeletal Structure 1- Analysis of Beams For the given beam :- -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ 9 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
-: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ * Define Of Beam Section :- Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property -:‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ (Concrete)‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬ -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ -: ‫3 رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ Frame Element Draw Draw Framecabletendom Quick Frame Element 10 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ :- ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Fixed Support‬‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺬف رآﻴﺰﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﻩ‬ ‫‪Hinged Support‬‬ ‫‪Roller Support‬‬ ‫11‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫4-ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ For Uniform Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ (‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ For Triangular Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed 12 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع = ﺻﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫-: ‪For Point Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻻول ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻻول ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬ ‫31‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ‪ Set Element‬ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ اﺧﺮاج اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﻟﻮان ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﺑﻴﺾ واﺳﻮد‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Area‬‬ ‫2- ﻻﻇﻬﺎر آﻞ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺨﻔﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Load Assigns‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫41‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Frame‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫-: ‪1-Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ 6‪( F‬‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ :-‬ ‫51‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-: ‪Straining Actions‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم وﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Joints‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪Reactions‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Forces/Stresses‬‬ ‫‪Frames/Cables‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻠﺮآﺎﺋﺰ:-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ال‪Shear‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫‪Axial Force‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻘﻮي اﻟﻤﺤﻮرﻳﺔ‬ ‫2 - 2 ‪Shear‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫3-3 ‪Moment‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫61‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤـــــــــﺎور‬ ‫‪Global Axis‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ آﻜﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺎور واﺣﺪﻩ وهﻲ ‪X-Y-Z‬‬ ‫آﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺎور ﺧﺎﺻﻪ ﺑﻪ وهﻲ 3-2-1‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺧﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎء اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫-1- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Length‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻂ ﺑﺎل ‪Mouse‬‬ ‫-2- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Depth‬‬ ‫-3- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Width‬‬ ‫71‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ‬ ‫1 – اﻟﻐﺎء وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ال 1 اﻟﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪Modify Load‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺈﻟﻐﺎء اﻟﻮزن‬ ‫2 – ﻋﻤﻞ رآﻴﺰة ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ)ﺣﻮل ال ‪( Y-Axis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ )ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ وﻋﻜﺲ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ (‬ ‫3 – ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪K‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ 3 ‪Translation‬‬ ‫3 – ﺣﺪوث هﺒﻮط ﻟﺮآﻴﺰة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Displacement‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Global Z‬‬ ‫81‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-: ‪Temperature Effect‬‬ ‫-: ‪For Frame Element‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Temperature‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﺣﺮارﻩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﻪ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫-: ‪For Shell Element‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Temperature (All‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮن ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫91‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
2- Analysis of Frames Column Beam Section Section -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 6 , 11 , 14 Y=0 Z=0,4,7 20 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫-: ‪* For Column Section‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫‪Add New Property‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫)‪* For Beam Section :- (T-Section‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع)‪(Steel‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫12‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame Element‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Fixed & Hinge & Roller‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫-: ‪For Triangular Distributed Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) 3 ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫-: ‪For Uniform Distributed Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫22‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ آﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﻮل اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫-:‪For Joint Load 4 ton‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ X-Axis‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫32‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-:‪For Point Load 5 ton‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ2 ‪Axis‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫-:‪For Concentrated Moment 6 t.m‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻋﺰوم‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮر دوران اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫)ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ(‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫42‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ 25 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
3- Analysis of Multi-Story Frames Ext. Column Int. Column Beam 26 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﺮﺳﻢ دور واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ال ‪Frame‬‬ ‫81 , 21 , 6 , 0 = ‪X‬‬ ‫0=‪Y‬‬ ‫3,0=‪Z‬‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :- ) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺛﻼث ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت (‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫72‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ وهﻲ ‪Fixed‬‬ ‫* ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Z‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات اﻟﺘﻜﺮار دون اﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫82‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ For Uniform Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ For Joint Load :- Joint‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Assign Joint Loads Forces ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻼﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ 29 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
4- Analysis of Trusses h = 0.5 bf=0.2 tf=0.02 tw=0.015 Column Section Double angle 150x150x15 One angle 150x150x15 30 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
-: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 15 , 30 Y=0 Z = 0 , 4 , 5.5 , 7.5 -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬I-Beam ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬one angle ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ Diagonals ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬Double angle ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ Upper and lower chord ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ 31 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
Upper and ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ Diagonals‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ lower chord -: ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ (U&L chord ‫ ) اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ وال‬Truss ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻻﻃﺎر اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻞ‬ Draw Draw Framecabletendom Frame Element ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬ Quick Frame 32 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Lines‬‬ ‫‪Divide Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫)ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﻪ(‬ ‫-: ‪* Drawing Diagonal Members‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫33‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫-: ‪For Joint Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﺷﺎرﻩ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﻪ.‬ ‫ال ‪ Truss‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺰوم‬ ‫* ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم :-‬ ‫)ﺣﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ اي ﻋﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺪا اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ(‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :- ‪ReleasesPartial Fixity‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻨﺪ اي ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺴﺎوي ﺻﻔﺮ.‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ال‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫‪ Intermediate Hinge‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت.‬ ‫33‪M‬‬ ‫43‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ Note: Axial Force = N.F.D 35 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫0002‪Design Using SAP‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪-: Truss‬‬ ‫‪1-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪View/Revise Preferences‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻮد اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪2-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪Start Design/Check Of Structure‬‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪأ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ وﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻟﻮان اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ وﺗﺘﻠﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺄﻟﻮان ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Safe‬او ‪ Unsafe‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل هﺬﻩ اﻻﻟﻮان .‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫63‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Analysis of Non-Skeletal Structure 1- Analysis of Solid Slab For the given slab :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 5 , 10 Y=0,4,8 -: ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Z=0 37 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫* ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع 06*52‬ ‫* ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫* رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫83‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫- رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﻂ‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ :- ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫‪Hinge support‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫93‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫4- اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :- ) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻟﻼﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻟﻞ ‪ Dead Load‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدﻩ (‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫ﺣﺬف ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫* ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫1- اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ :-‬ ‫1- وزن اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬ ‫2- وزن ال ‪ Covering‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪. Dead‬‬ ‫3- وزن ال ‪ Live Load‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪. LL‬‬ ‫2‪Covering = 150 kgm‬‬ ‫2‪L.L = 200 kgm‬‬ ‫04‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Uniform (Shell‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Live Loads‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Covering‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫2- اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫1- وزن اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬ ‫2- ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ.‬ ‫3- وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻗﻴﻤﺔ وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ( :-‬ ‫‪W = tw x hw x γ‬‬ ‫‪tm‬‬ ‫‪tw‬‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪hw‬‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪γ‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﻮب‬ ‫14‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫* اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :- وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ال ‪Ultimate‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Combinations‬‬ ‫‪Add New Combo‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫24‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫‪Ultimate‬‬ ‫‪Working‬‬ ‫* ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻲ زﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫34‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪد ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺤﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ )‪. (Run‬‬ ‫44‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ 1- Deformed Shape :- ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ 2- Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Shells ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ 45 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ:-‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Beams‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪3D‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫64‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫* ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺮض ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﻓﺮﺷﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ 6 اﺳﻴﺎخ ﻗﻄﺮ 01 ﻣﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﺮ .‬ ‫2‪As = 6 x 0.785 = 4.71 cm‬‬ ‫‪ts=12 cm‬‬ ‫) ‪A s = ( Mu / ( f y x j x d‬‬ ‫‪Mu=1.34 t.m‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل هﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ) 43.1 و 43.1- ( ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Max & Min Range‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺿﺎﻓﻲ .‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ 22‪M‬‬ ‫74‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫‪2- Analysis and Design of Solid and Flat Slab‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ هﺬا اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري اي : وﺿﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻪ – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫84‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ Solid Slab Flat Slab 49 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
-: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ * Assume :- For Slab:- X = 0 -1.54 - 4.16 – 5.8 - 8.4 -11.2 -13.2 -14.6 -15.4 -16.15 ts = 12 cm Solid Y = 0 - 0.75 -1.5 - 4.15 - 5.4 - 6.9 - 7.65 –8.9 – 10.5 -12 ts = 20 cm Flat Z=0 For Beam:- Beam 25x60 Beam 12.5x60 Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ : ‫* ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ : ‫* ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ Define Section Properties Define Section Properties Frame Sections Area Sections ‫21ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬x60 ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬ Solid ts = 12cm ‫52 ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ‬x60 ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬ Flat ts = 20cm 0.001x0.001‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﺔ‬ 50 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Group‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Assign to Group‬‬ ‫‪Add New Group‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Group‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ ال ‪Group‬‬ ‫15‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫‪Hinge Supports‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﻪ وذﻟﻚ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺗﺤﺘﻬﺎ آﻤﺮات. ﺣﻴﺚ ان اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪﻩ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ هﻲ وﺟﻮد ‪. Frame Element‬‬ ‫آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪* Working‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪* Dead Load‬‬ ‫‪* Ultimate‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪* Live Load‬‬ ‫25‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪد ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫35‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﻔﺎء اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ وال ‪ Joint‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫ﻋﺮض اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options or‬‬ ‫اﺧﻔﺎء ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﺧﻔﺎء اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮاﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫45‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ال ‪ Reactions‬اﻟﻲ ال ‪-: Excel‬‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Export‬‬ ‫‪Sap2000 MS Excel Spreadsheet.xls File‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎرال‬ ‫‪Reactions‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ال ‪ Excel‬وﻓﻴﻬﺎ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ .‬ ‫55‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻻﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪-: SAP‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Show Selection Only‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options or‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Label‬ﻟﻞ ‪Joint‬‬ ‫2- ﻟﺘﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ :-‬ ‫‪ Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ذﻳﺎدة ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫65‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
57 Column Label Floor Reaction Total Reaction Concrete Area Column Width Column Thickness Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery = 1% Ac = 0.6% Ac Max. Area Number -: ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬
‫‪) Foundation‬اﻻﺳـــــﺎﺳـــــــــﺎت(‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع اﻻﺳــﺎﺳــــﺎت‬ ‫‪Shallow Foundation‬‬ ‫‪Deep Foundation‬‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﺳﻄﺤﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﻋﻤﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪- Footing‬‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫‪- Piles‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬ ‫‪- Raft‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﻪ‬ ‫آﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻻﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ :-‬ ‫76.0<‬ ‫‪Footing‬‬ ‫وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪Stress‬‬ ‫= ‪Stress‬‬ ‫‪0.67< -- <1.0 Raft‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪BC‬‬ ‫‪>1.0 Piles‬‬ ‫= ‪Where: BC‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫85‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Analysis of Raft *Design the following raft :- (No. of stories = 10) 59 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery B C = 1.25 kgcm2
‫5.51 – 7.41 – 2.11 – 4.8 – 8.5 – 1.4 – 5.1 – 0 = ‪X‬‬ ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫4.11 – 2.8 – 5.7 – 9.6 – 7.4 – 4.3 – 57.0 – 0 = ‪Y‬‬ ‫0=‪Z‬‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :- )ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ(‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫-: ‪* Define of slab section‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪100cm‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﻜﻞ دور 01 ﺳﻢ‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫-: ‪For Joint Load‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫‪Joint‬اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ وهﺬﻩ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ‪ Total Reaction‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫06‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫5- ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :- )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ واﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ(‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء05.0‪ 0.50x‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪Divide Area‬‬ ‫6- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪K = 1000 * B C * Area Of Mesh‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ )2‪BC :---------- (Kgcm‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﻩ2‪Area Mesh------------- (0.50x0.50) m‬‬ ‫)‪K------Spring Stiffness (tm‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ 3 ‪Translation‬‬ ‫16‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫7- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫26‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-: ‪For Raft on Piles‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ وآﺬﻟﻚ هﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻊ ال ‪ Springs‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻓﻘﻂ .‬ ‫* ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪E‬‬ ‫)2‪Modulus Of Elasticity Of Concrete (t/m‬‬ ‫‪K=EA/L‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫)2‪Pile Cross-Section (m‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬ ‫)‪Pile Length (m‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Springs‬وﻻﺑﺪ اﻻ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺪرة ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﺎزوق .‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰة ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ :- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫36‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Analysis of Plates For Slab:- ts = 20 cm For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ File New Model Grid Only ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ 64 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﻟﻌﺪم اﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﻟﻼﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Edit Grid Data‬‬ ‫‪Modify/Edit Grid‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل رﻗﻢ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع 06*52‬ ‫- ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪20 cm‬‬ ‫56‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-: ‪For Slab‬‬ ‫-: ‪For Frames‬‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺛﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ رﺳﻤﺔ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫- اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) 3 ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻻﻋﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫3 ‪Reverse Local‬‬ ‫- اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) 1 ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎة ال ‪-: Radial Direction‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ 51 درﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺰوم اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ال ‪Radial & Tangential‬‬ ‫66‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫4- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار هﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬ ‫‪Radial Replicate‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات وآﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z-Axis‬ﻋﺪد 11‬ ‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻞ 03 درﺟﻪ.‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪Hinges‬‬ ‫5- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫6- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪* Working‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪* Dead Load‬‬ ‫‪* Ultimate‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪* Live Load‬‬ ‫76‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫7- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :-‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Radial‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ .‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Tangential‬‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman Abdel-Salam El-Zohiery‬‬ ‫‪Eng_A_Zohiery@yahoo.com‬‬ ‫86‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
* Case of rectangular and circular slab :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm Solid For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 Required :- 1- Design of Slab 2- Design of Beams 3- Design of Columns 69 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﺤﻞ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ ﻋﺎدي )‪ (X & Y‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد .‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫ﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ Cylindrical‬اﻟﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ‪ Cartesian‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Coordinate SystemsGrids‬‬ ‫‪Add New System‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ ‪. X & Y & Z‬‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﻴﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﺿﻐﻂ ‪Ok‬‬ ‫07‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Analysis of Stairs 1- Two flight stair :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺪور‬ (1.50) For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 (0.00) 71 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
2- Three flight stair :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm (1.05) (1.95) For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 (0.00) (3.00) 72 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
3- Helical Stairs :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 -: ‫1- اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ -: ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ X= 0,2,4 Y= 0 Z = 0 -: ‫ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻗﺼﻲ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬Frame Element ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ‬ 73 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
-: ‫ ﺛﻢ‬Frame Element ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Edit Extrude Extrude Lines to Areas Radial ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ For Frames :- -: ‫4- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ Draw Draw Framecabletendom Frame Element Quick Frame Hinges ‫5- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ:- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ‬ Assign Joint Restraints ‫ﺣﺬف اﻻﺻﻞ‬ -: ‫6- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ * Working ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ * Dead Load * Ultimate ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ * Live Load 74 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
Analysis of Elevated Tank - For the given tank :- Dom ts = 15cm Cylinder ts = 20cm Cone ts = 25cm Ring Beam 25x70cm Column 30x80cm Foundation Plate ts = 100cm 75 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Plate‬ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮﻩ ‪ 3.50m‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ هﻮ واﺿﺢ :-‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮف اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ واﻟﻜﻤﺮات .‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﻪ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ .‬ ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Plate‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ ال ‪Local Axis‬آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ .‬ ‫4- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ .‬ ‫67‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫5- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ ال ‪Joint‬اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫- ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺿﺮب اﻟﻌﻤﻮد ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻪ ‪6.0m‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻻدوار )1(‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ 09 درﺟﻪ .‬ ‫6- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Dom‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪ Template‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Shell‬‬ ‫77‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Dom Spherical‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫7- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪-: Ring Beam‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻣﺮ ‪. Frame Element‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Radial Replicate‬ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z‬ﻋﺪد 11 ﻧﺴﺨﺔ .‬ ‫8- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺬف اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪-: Dom‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Elevation‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪XZ Plan‬‬ ‫87‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻳﻘﻮﻧﺔ ﻻﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪: Elevation‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪ Dom‬واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪.Delete‬‬ ‫9- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Cylinder‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪-: Template‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Shell‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﺳﻄﻮاﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫97‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫01- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Cone‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫- اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﻪ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. X-Axis‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﻪ اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬ ‫01=‪ Z‬وﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ )1( .‬ ‫- وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل 4=‪X‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬا اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻲ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude Lines to Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Radial‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. Z-Axis‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺰاوﻳﻪ 03 درﺟﻪ .‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ 21 ﻧﺴﺨﻪ .‬ ‫ﺣﺬف اﻻﺻﻞ‬ ‫08‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫11- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﺎت ال ‪ Cone‬اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع .‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﺨﺮوط ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻲ‬ ‫زﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫21- ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﻤﺮاد ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ هﺎﻣﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﻳﻜﻮن اﺗﺠﺎﻩ 3 ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ .‬ ‫18‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة داﺧﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ال ‪ Sap‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪P = AX + BY + CZ + D‬‬ ‫-: ‪From B.C‬‬ ‫1- = ‪C‬‬ ‫61 = ‪D‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻔﺲ ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Surface Pressure (All‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫28‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
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Analysis of Beams in SAP2000

  • 1. ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس / اﻳﻤﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺴﻼم اﻟﺰهﻴﺮي‬ ‫1‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 2. ‫- أهﺪاء :-‬ ‫1- اﻟﻲ آﻞ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻳﻄﻤﻊ اﻟﻲ ﻏﺪ اﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻮم .‬ ‫2- اﻟﻲ زوﺟﺘﻲ واﺑﻨﻲ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ.‬ ‫3- اﻟﻲ اﺑﻲ واﻣﻲ واﺧﻮﺗﻲ ) اﺣﻤﺪ و ﻣﺤﻤﺪ و ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ( .‬ ‫4- اﻟﻲ اﺳﺘﺎذي ا.د / ﻋﺎﻃﻒ ﻋﺮاﻗﻲ .‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻬﻢ اﺟﻌﻞ هﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺧﺎﻟﺼﺎ ﻟﻮﺟﻬﻚ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫2‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 3. Course Contents :- 1- Analysis of Beams 11- Analysis of Stairs 2- Analysis of Frames 12- Elevated Tank 3- Analysis of Multi-story Frames 13- From AutoCAD to Sap2000 4- Analysis of Trusses 14- Wind Forces 5- Design using SAP2000 15- Equivalent Static Method 6- Analysis of Solid Slab 16- Response Spectrum Method 7- Analysis of Solid & Flat Slab 17- Time History Method 8- Design using Excel 18- Examples 9- Analysis of Foundation 10- Analysis of Plates 3 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 4. ‫-41‪SAP2000-V‬‬ ‫‪Structure Analysis Program‬‬ ‫* هﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت .‬ ‫‪Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫‪Non-Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫- هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫-هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ آﺒﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن آﺒﻴﺮ.‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺻﻐﻴﺮ.‬ ‫-‪EX:- Beam – Frames – Trusses‬‬ ‫-‪EX:- Slab – Raft – Tanks - Tunnle‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Area‬‬ ‫‪ Element‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال )‪ (X-Y Plan‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال) ‪(X-Z Plan‬‬ ‫4‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 5. ‫* اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺤﻞ أي ﻣﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎهﻴﻦ ‪. X & Y‬‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺘﻴﻦ :-‬ ‫اﻻوﻟﻲ:- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع )اﺳﻤﻪ – اﺑﻌﺎدﻩ – ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﺎدﻩ (‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﻪ:-ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ اﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺮﺳﻢ .‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮﻩ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Beams – Slabs – Columns‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺳﻮاء آﺎﻧﺖ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :‬ ‫‪Point load – Uniform load – Surface load‬‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب ال ‪ Straining Actions‬وﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺈﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ .‬ ‫5‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 6. ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﺪﺧﻮل ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ:-‬ ‫1- اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪ Short Cut‬ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ .‬ ‫‪SAP2000 14.lnk‬‬ ‫2- ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ :-‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪New Model‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻠﻒ ﻓﺎرغ‬ ‫6‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 7. ‫* ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ :-‬ ‫7‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 8. -: ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ . ‫ ( ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬Click) ‫1- اﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻋﻠﻲ اي ﻣﻜﺎن داﺧﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ وﻋﻤﻞ‬ *Edit Grid Data Modify/Show System ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﺗﺮاآﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ X-Grid data Y-Grid data Z-Grid data -: ‫2- او ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ‬ * Define Coordinate System / Grid Modify/Show System 8 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 9. Analysis of Skeletal Structure 1- Analysis of Beams For the given beam :- -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ 9 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 10. -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ * Define Of Beam Section :- Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property -:‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ (Concrete)‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬ -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ -: ‫3 رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ Frame Element Draw Draw Framecabletendom Quick Frame Element 10 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 11. ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ :- ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Fixed Support‬‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺬف رآﻴﺰﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﻩ‬ ‫‪Hinged Support‬‬ ‫‪Roller Support‬‬ ‫11‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 12. -: ‫4-ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ For Uniform Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ (‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ For Triangular Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed 12 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 13. ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع = ﺻﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫-: ‪For Point Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻻول ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻻول ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬ ‫31‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 14. ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ‪ Set Element‬ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ اﺧﺮاج اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﻟﻮان ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﺑﻴﺾ واﺳﻮد‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Area‬‬ ‫2- ﻻﻇﻬﺎر آﻞ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺨﻔﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Load Assigns‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫41‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 15. ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Frame‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫-: ‪1-Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ 6‪( F‬‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ :-‬ ‫51‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 16. ‫-: ‪Straining Actions‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم وﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Joints‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪Reactions‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Forces/Stresses‬‬ ‫‪Frames/Cables‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻠﺮآﺎﺋﺰ:-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ال‪Shear‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫‪Axial Force‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻘﻮي اﻟﻤﺤﻮرﻳﺔ‬ ‫2 - 2 ‪Shear‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫3-3 ‪Moment‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫61‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 17. ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤـــــــــﺎور‬ ‫‪Global Axis‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ آﻜﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺎور واﺣﺪﻩ وهﻲ ‪X-Y-Z‬‬ ‫آﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺎور ﺧﺎﺻﻪ ﺑﻪ وهﻲ 3-2-1‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺧﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎء اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫-1- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Length‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻂ ﺑﺎل ‪Mouse‬‬ ‫-2- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Depth‬‬ ‫-3- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Width‬‬ ‫71‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 18. ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ‬ ‫1 – اﻟﻐﺎء وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ال 1 اﻟﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪Modify Load‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺈﻟﻐﺎء اﻟﻮزن‬ ‫2 – ﻋﻤﻞ رآﻴﺰة ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ)ﺣﻮل ال ‪( Y-Axis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ )ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ وﻋﻜﺲ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ (‬ ‫3 – ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪K‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ 3 ‪Translation‬‬ ‫3 – ﺣﺪوث هﺒﻮط ﻟﺮآﻴﺰة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Displacement‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Global Z‬‬ ‫81‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 19. ‫-: ‪Temperature Effect‬‬ ‫-: ‪For Frame Element‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Temperature‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﺣﺮارﻩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﻪ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫-: ‪For Shell Element‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Temperature (All‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮن ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫91‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 20. 2- Analysis of Frames Column Beam Section Section -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 6 , 11 , 14 Y=0 Z=0,4,7 20 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 21. ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫-: ‪* For Column Section‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫‪Add New Property‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫)‪* For Beam Section :- (T-Section‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع)‪(Steel‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫12‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 22. ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame Element‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Fixed & Hinge & Roller‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫-: ‪For Triangular Distributed Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) 3 ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫-: ‪For Uniform Distributed Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫22‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 23. ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ آﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﻮل اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫-:‪For Joint Load 4 ton‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ X-Axis‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫32‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 24. ‫-:‪For Point Load 5 ton‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ2 ‪Axis‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫-:‪For Concentrated Moment 6 t.m‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻋﺰوم‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮر دوران اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫)ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ(‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫42‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 25. ( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ 25 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 26. 3- Analysis of Multi-Story Frames Ext. Column Int. Column Beam 26 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 27. ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﺮﺳﻢ دور واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ال ‪Frame‬‬ ‫81 , 21 , 6 , 0 = ‪X‬‬ ‫0=‪Y‬‬ ‫3,0=‪Z‬‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :- ) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺛﻼث ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت (‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫72‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 28. ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ وهﻲ ‪Fixed‬‬ ‫* ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Z‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات اﻟﺘﻜﺮار دون اﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫82‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 29. -: ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ For Uniform Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ For Joint Load :- Joint‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Assign Joint Loads Forces ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻼﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ 29 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 30. 4- Analysis of Trusses h = 0.5 bf=0.2 tf=0.02 tw=0.015 Column Section Double angle 150x150x15 One angle 150x150x15 30 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 31. -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 15 , 30 Y=0 Z = 0 , 4 , 5.5 , 7.5 -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬I-Beam ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬one angle ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ Diagonals ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬Double angle ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ Upper and lower chord ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ 31 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 32. Upper and ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ Diagonals‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ lower chord -: ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ (U&L chord ‫ ) اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ وال‬Truss ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻻﻃﺎر اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻞ‬ Draw Draw Framecabletendom Frame Element ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬ Quick Frame 32 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 33. ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Lines‬‬ ‫‪Divide Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫)ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﻪ(‬ ‫-: ‪* Drawing Diagonal Members‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫33‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 34. ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫-: ‪For Joint Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﺷﺎرﻩ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﻪ.‬ ‫ال ‪ Truss‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺰوم‬ ‫* ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم :-‬ ‫)ﺣﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ اي ﻋﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺪا اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ(‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :- ‪ReleasesPartial Fixity‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻨﺪ اي ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺴﺎوي ﺻﻔﺮ.‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ال‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫‪ Intermediate Hinge‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت.‬ ‫33‪M‬‬ ‫43‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 35. ( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ Note: Axial Force = N.F.D 35 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 36. ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫0002‪Design Using SAP‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪-: Truss‬‬ ‫‪1-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪View/Revise Preferences‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻮد اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪2-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪Start Design/Check Of Structure‬‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪأ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ وﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻟﻮان اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ وﺗﺘﻠﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺄﻟﻮان ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Safe‬او ‪ Unsafe‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل هﺬﻩ اﻻﻟﻮان .‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫63‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 37. Analysis of Non-Skeletal Structure 1- Analysis of Solid Slab For the given slab :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 5 , 10 Y=0,4,8 -: ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Z=0 37 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 38. ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫* ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع 06*52‬ ‫* ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫* رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫83‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 39. ‫- رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﻂ‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ :- ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫‪Hinge support‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫93‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 40. ‫4- اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :- ) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻟﻼﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻟﻞ ‪ Dead Load‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدﻩ (‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫ﺣﺬف ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫* ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫1- اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ :-‬ ‫1- وزن اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬ ‫2- وزن ال ‪ Covering‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪. Dead‬‬ ‫3- وزن ال ‪ Live Load‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪. LL‬‬ ‫2‪Covering = 150 kgm‬‬ ‫2‪L.L = 200 kgm‬‬ ‫04‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 41. ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Uniform (Shell‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Live Loads‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Covering‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫2- اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫1- وزن اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬ ‫2- ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ.‬ ‫3- وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻗﻴﻤﺔ وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ( :-‬ ‫‪W = tw x hw x γ‬‬ ‫‪tm‬‬ ‫‪tw‬‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪hw‬‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪γ‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﻮب‬ ‫14‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 42. ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫* اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :- وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ال ‪Ultimate‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Combinations‬‬ ‫‪Add New Combo‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫24‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 43. ‫‪Ultimate‬‬ ‫‪Working‬‬ ‫* ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻲ زﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫34‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 44. ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪد ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺤﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ )‪. (Run‬‬ ‫44‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 45. -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ 1- Deformed Shape :- ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ 2- Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Shells ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ 45 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 46. ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ:-‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Beams‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪3D‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫64‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 47. ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫* ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺮض ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﻓﺮﺷﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ 6 اﺳﻴﺎخ ﻗﻄﺮ 01 ﻣﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﺮ .‬ ‫2‪As = 6 x 0.785 = 4.71 cm‬‬ ‫‪ts=12 cm‬‬ ‫) ‪A s = ( Mu / ( f y x j x d‬‬ ‫‪Mu=1.34 t.m‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل هﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ) 43.1 و 43.1- ( ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Max & Min Range‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺿﺎﻓﻲ .‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ 22‪M‬‬ ‫74‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 48. ‫‪2- Analysis and Design of Solid and Flat Slab‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ هﺬا اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري اي : وﺿﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻪ – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫84‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 49. -: ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ Solid Slab Flat Slab 49 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 50. -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ * Assume :- For Slab:- X = 0 -1.54 - 4.16 – 5.8 - 8.4 -11.2 -13.2 -14.6 -15.4 -16.15 ts = 12 cm Solid Y = 0 - 0.75 -1.5 - 4.15 - 5.4 - 6.9 - 7.65 –8.9 – 10.5 -12 ts = 20 cm Flat Z=0 For Beam:- Beam 25x60 Beam 12.5x60 Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ : ‫* ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ : ‫* ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ Define Section Properties Define Section Properties Frame Sections Area Sections ‫21ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬x60 ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬ Solid ts = 12cm ‫52 ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ‬x60 ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬ Flat ts = 20cm 0.001x0.001‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﺔ‬ 50 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 51. ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Group‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Assign to Group‬‬ ‫‪Add New Group‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Group‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ ال ‪Group‬‬ ‫15‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 52. ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫‪Hinge Supports‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﻪ وذﻟﻚ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺗﺤﺘﻬﺎ آﻤﺮات. ﺣﻴﺚ ان اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪﻩ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ هﻲ وﺟﻮد ‪. Frame Element‬‬ ‫آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪* Working‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪* Dead Load‬‬ ‫‪* Ultimate‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪* Live Load‬‬ ‫25‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 53. ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪد ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫35‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 54. ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﻔﺎء اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ وال ‪ Joint‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫ﻋﺮض اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options or‬‬ ‫اﺧﻔﺎء ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﺧﻔﺎء اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮاﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫45‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 55. ‫ﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ال ‪ Reactions‬اﻟﻲ ال ‪-: Excel‬‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Export‬‬ ‫‪Sap2000 MS Excel Spreadsheet.xls File‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎرال‬ ‫‪Reactions‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ال ‪ Excel‬وﻓﻴﻬﺎ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ .‬ ‫55‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 56. ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻻﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪-: SAP‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Show Selection Only‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options or‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Label‬ﻟﻞ ‪Joint‬‬ ‫2- ﻟﺘﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ :-‬ ‫‪ Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ذﻳﺎدة ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫65‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 57. 57 Column Label Floor Reaction Total Reaction Concrete Area Column Width Column Thickness Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery = 1% Ac = 0.6% Ac Max. Area Number -: ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬
  • 58. ‫‪) Foundation‬اﻻﺳـــــﺎﺳـــــــــﺎت(‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع اﻻﺳــﺎﺳــــﺎت‬ ‫‪Shallow Foundation‬‬ ‫‪Deep Foundation‬‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﺳﻄﺤﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﻋﻤﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪- Footing‬‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫‪- Piles‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬ ‫‪- Raft‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﻪ‬ ‫آﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻻﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ :-‬ ‫76.0<‬ ‫‪Footing‬‬ ‫وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪Stress‬‬ ‫= ‪Stress‬‬ ‫‪0.67< -- <1.0 Raft‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪BC‬‬ ‫‪>1.0 Piles‬‬ ‫= ‪Where: BC‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫85‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 59. Analysis of Raft *Design the following raft :- (No. of stories = 10) 59 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery B C = 1.25 kgcm2
  • 60. ‫5.51 – 7.41 – 2.11 – 4.8 – 8.5 – 1.4 – 5.1 – 0 = ‪X‬‬ ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫4.11 – 2.8 – 5.7 – 9.6 – 7.4 – 4.3 – 57.0 – 0 = ‪Y‬‬ ‫0=‪Z‬‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :- )ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ(‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫-: ‪* Define of slab section‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪100cm‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﻜﻞ دور 01 ﺳﻢ‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫-: ‪For Joint Load‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫‪Joint‬اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ وهﺬﻩ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ‪ Total Reaction‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫06‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 61. ‫5- ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :- )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ واﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ(‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء05.0‪ 0.50x‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪Divide Area‬‬ ‫6- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪K = 1000 * B C * Area Of Mesh‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ )2‪BC :---------- (Kgcm‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﻩ2‪Area Mesh------------- (0.50x0.50) m‬‬ ‫)‪K------Spring Stiffness (tm‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ 3 ‪Translation‬‬ ‫16‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 62. ‫7- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫26‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 63. ‫-: ‪For Raft on Piles‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ وآﺬﻟﻚ هﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻊ ال ‪ Springs‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻓﻘﻂ .‬ ‫* ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪E‬‬ ‫)2‪Modulus Of Elasticity Of Concrete (t/m‬‬ ‫‪K=EA/L‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫)2‪Pile Cross-Section (m‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬ ‫)‪Pile Length (m‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Springs‬وﻻﺑﺪ اﻻ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺪرة ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﺎزوق .‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰة ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ :- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫36‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 64. Analysis of Plates For Slab:- ts = 20 cm For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ File New Model Grid Only ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ 64 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 65. ‫ﻟﻌﺪم اﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﻟﻼﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Edit Grid Data‬‬ ‫‪Modify/Edit Grid‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل رﻗﻢ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع 06*52‬ ‫- ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪20 cm‬‬ ‫56‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 66. ‫-: ‪For Slab‬‬ ‫-: ‪For Frames‬‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺛﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ رﺳﻤﺔ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫- اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) 3 ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻻﻋﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫3 ‪Reverse Local‬‬ ‫- اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) 1 ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎة ال ‪-: Radial Direction‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ 51 درﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺰوم اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ال ‪Radial & Tangential‬‬ ‫66‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 67. ‫4- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار هﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬ ‫‪Radial Replicate‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات وآﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z-Axis‬ﻋﺪد 11‬ ‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻞ 03 درﺟﻪ.‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪Hinges‬‬ ‫5- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫6- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪* Working‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪* Dead Load‬‬ ‫‪* Ultimate‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪* Live Load‬‬ ‫76‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 68. ‫7- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :-‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Radial‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ .‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Tangential‬‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman Abdel-Salam El-Zohiery‬‬ ‫‪Eng_A_Zohiery@yahoo.com‬‬ ‫86‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 69. * Case of rectangular and circular slab :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm Solid For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 Required :- 1- Design of Slab 2- Design of Beams 3- Design of Columns 69 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 70. ‫ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﺤﻞ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ ﻋﺎدي )‪ (X & Y‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد .‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫ﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ Cylindrical‬اﻟﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ‪ Cartesian‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Coordinate SystemsGrids‬‬ ‫‪Add New System‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ ‪. X & Y & Z‬‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﻴﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﺿﻐﻂ ‪Ok‬‬ ‫07‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 71. Analysis of Stairs 1- Two flight stair :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺪور‬ (1.50) For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 (0.00) 71 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 72. 2- Three flight stair :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm (1.05) (1.95) For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 (0.00) (3.00) 72 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 73. 3- Helical Stairs :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 -: ‫1- اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ -: ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ X= 0,2,4 Y= 0 Z = 0 -: ‫ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻗﺼﻲ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬Frame Element ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ‬ 73 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 74. -: ‫ ﺛﻢ‬Frame Element ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Edit Extrude Extrude Lines to Areas Radial ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ For Frames :- -: ‫4- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ Draw Draw Framecabletendom Frame Element Quick Frame Hinges ‫5- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ:- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ‬ Assign Joint Restraints ‫ﺣﺬف اﻻﺻﻞ‬ -: ‫6- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ * Working ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ * Dead Load * Ultimate ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ * Live Load 74 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 75. Analysis of Elevated Tank - For the given tank :- Dom ts = 15cm Cylinder ts = 20cm Cone ts = 25cm Ring Beam 25x70cm Column 30x80cm Foundation Plate ts = 100cm 75 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 76. ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Plate‬ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮﻩ ‪ 3.50m‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ هﻮ واﺿﺢ :-‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮف اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ واﻟﻜﻤﺮات .‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﻪ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ .‬ ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Plate‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ ال ‪Local Axis‬آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ .‬ ‫4- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ .‬ ‫67‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 77. ‫5- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ ال ‪Joint‬اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫- ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺿﺮب اﻟﻌﻤﻮد ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻪ ‪6.0m‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻻدوار )1(‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ 09 درﺟﻪ .‬ ‫6- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Dom‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪ Template‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Shell‬‬ ‫77‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 78. ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Dom Spherical‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫7- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪-: Ring Beam‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻣﺮ ‪. Frame Element‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Radial Replicate‬ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z‬ﻋﺪد 11 ﻧﺴﺨﺔ .‬ ‫8- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺬف اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪-: Dom‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Elevation‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪XZ Plan‬‬ ‫87‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 79. ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻳﻘﻮﻧﺔ ﻻﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪: Elevation‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪ Dom‬واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪.Delete‬‬ ‫9- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Cylinder‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪-: Template‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Shell‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﺳﻄﻮاﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫97‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 80. ‫01- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Cone‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫- اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﻪ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. X-Axis‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﻪ اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬ ‫01=‪ Z‬وﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ )1( .‬ ‫- وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل 4=‪X‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬا اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻲ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude Lines to Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Radial‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. Z-Axis‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺰاوﻳﻪ 03 درﺟﻪ .‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ 21 ﻧﺴﺨﻪ .‬ ‫ﺣﺬف اﻻﺻﻞ‬ ‫08‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 81. ‫11- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﺎت ال ‪ Cone‬اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع .‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﺨﺮوط ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻲ‬ ‫زﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫21- ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﻤﺮاد ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ هﺎﻣﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﻳﻜﻮن اﺗﺠﺎﻩ 3 ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ .‬ ‫18‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 82. ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة داﺧﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ال ‪ Sap‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪P = AX + BY + CZ + D‬‬ ‫-: ‪From B.C‬‬ ‫1- = ‪C‬‬ ‫61 = ‪D‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻔﺲ ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Surface Pressure (All‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫28‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬