Session 3B - 'Road Safety in Indian Cities'

1. Road Safety Assessment for Mumbai
Anirudh Tagat, Consultant, EMBARQ India

2. Road Safety Assessment for
Mumbai
Key Findings
CONNECTKaro Session 3B – 16th April, 2013

3. All Tables, Charts: Mumbai Traffic Police, Traffic Training
Institute, Byculla
Two main reports used:
a) Yearly Accident Review (2008-2012)
b) Annual report generated by Mumbai Traffic Police(19-
page, 7-page)[2008-2012]
Passenger Kilometres Travelled [PKT] (CTS, MMRDA)
for representing traffic volumes in Mumbai
Methodology: Data Sources

4. Trends in fatalities and serious injuries (2008-12)

5. Data shows a reduction of 13% in total fatalities in Mumbai
for 2012 in comparison with 2011
Serious injuries, however, have increased by 2% in the
same period.
Past three years show a general decline in fatalities
Trends in fatalities and serious injuries for 2011-
2012

6. Occupant Fatalities (Averaged) by Mode of
Transport (2008-12)
58%
28%
6%
3%
3% 2%
Pedestrians
Motorcycle (Rider &
Pillion)
Others
Auto-rickshaw
Cars
Cyclists

7. Where do most fatal accidents take place?(2008-12)
Dotted line represents Mumbai
average of 31 fatalities
123
88
84 82
73 73 71 70 68
60
54
48
41 39
33
10
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Police Stations
TotalFatalities(2008-2012)
Vikroli
Goregaon (E)
Vile Parle
Nehru Nagar
Trombay
Dahisar
Kherwadi
Kasturba Marg
Deonar
Mankhurd
Sewree
Dadar
Ghatkopar
BKC
Byculla
Cuff Parade

8. Two-wheeler fatalities Traffic Police Division-wise
(2009-12)
Note: 2008 data
was unavailable
37 37 41
50
44
12 11
10
19
19
Trombay Vikhroli Vakola Goregaon Borivali
Rider Pillion

9. Serious Injuries [Involvement] (2008-12)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Car
Motorized Two-
wheeler
Auto-
rickshaw
Bus
Tempo
Taxi
Truck
Others

10. 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Motorized
Two-
wheeler
Car
Truck
Bus
Tempo
Auto-
rickshaw
Taxi
Others
Fatalities [Involvement] (2008-12)

11. Passenger-Kilometres Travelled indicates the total distance
covered by each mode of transport with reference to number
of passengers (public transport carries large number of
people over long distances, hence will have high PKT).
Greater representativeness in safety assessment of various
modes
Since PKT data for 2012 was not available, 2008 data is
used for analysis (see following figures)
Rationale behind using Passenger Kilometres
Travelled (PKT) data

12. PKT and Serious Injuries (Causing) – 2012
Auto-
rickshaw
(0.012)
Taxi (0.021)
Car (0.018)
Bus (0.002)
Motorized
Two-wheeler
(0.03)
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
ShareinTotalSeriousInjuries(2012)
Share in PKT (2008)
45° line, Share in PKT =
Share in Serious Injuries

13. PKT and Fatalities (Causing) – 2012
Auto-
rickshaw
(0.002)
Taxi (0.005)
Car (0.003)
Bus (0.001)
Motorized
Two-wheeler
(0.0067)
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
ShareinTotalFatalities(2012)
Share in PKT (2008)
45° line, Share in
PKT = Share in
Fatalities

14. Auto-rickshaws shown to contribute less towards
fatalities, but have greater share in serious injuries.
Cars and motorcycles appear to be the least safe modes (on
the basis of accident data) of passenger transport.
Rapid growth of private motor vehicles appears to be a
causal factor
Fatalities and Serious Injuries Findings

15. PKT and Occupant Fatalities (At Time of Accident) –
2012
Auto-
rickshaw
(0.001)Taxi
(0.0005) Car (0.0006)
Bus (0)
Motorized
Two-wheelers
(0.021)
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
ShareinOccupantFatalities(2012)
Share in PKT (2008)
45° line, Share in PKT =
Share in Occupant
Fatalities

16. Auto-rickshaws appear to be
a safer mode of transport
compared to others, but less
safer than taxis or cars, on
the basis of accident data.
Motorcycle users continue to
be the most vulnerable road
users (along with
pedestrians and cyclists)
No bus occupant fatalities
were recorded for 2012
Occupant Fatality Findings
Mode
Fatalities
(2012)
Normalized
Share (%)
Auto-rickshaws 8 4.79
Buses 0 0.00
Taxis 1 0.60
Motorized Two-
wheelers 150 89.82
Cars 8 4.79

17. 1. Better Accident Reporting
2. Safe Road Design
3. Monitoring Vehicular Population
4. Regulating flow of heavy commercial vehicles in urban areas
5. Improving Vehicle Design and Maintenance
6. Driver Training and Welfare
7. E-enforcement
7-Point Agenda for Road Safety

18. Accident Data forms can help save time and improve data
collection procedure. Domestic and international data
systems can be used as a case study.
On-site data collection with a team of road safety experts for
appropriate road safety data.
The FIR filed on-site should cover all details necessary for
road safety assessment.
Recommendations for Data Collection and
Management

19. Stakeholder workshop facilitated by Mumbai Traffic
Police, EMBARQ India and MTSU
Sharing of findings from Safety Assessment of Mumbai
Discussion of United Nations Decade of Action for Road
Safety (2011-20) commitments
Activities initiated by the Traffic Police Department
Road Safety Workshop