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Textile Mills of Spartanburg County,[object Object]
Pacolet Textile Mills
Growth of Textiles in South Carolina,[object Object],After the Civil War, the textile industry grew quickly.,[object Object],Northern investors provided much of the needed capital.,[object Object],By 1910, there were 167 mills throughout the state.,[object Object],Most mills were located in the Upstate (Piedmont) of South Carolina. ,[object Object],More than 100,000 people labored in the textile mills of Spartanburg County.,[object Object]
Why were most textile mills located in the Piedmont?,[object Object],The Piedmont had all of the  resources to make the textile industry profitable.   ,[object Object]
Large Supply of Cotton,[object Object]
Pacolet Textile Mills
Many Rivers and Streams ,[object Object]
Huge supply of  labor.,[object Object]
Resources,[object Object],Large supply of cotton + ,[object Object], Rivers and Streams for  Water Power +,[object Object],Huge Supply of Labor  =,[object Object],Growth of Textile Industry in the Up Country,[object Object]
Pacolet Textile Mills
Pacolet Mill,[object Object],Pacolet Mill was established in 1882.,[object Object],Pacolet Mill # 1 was located on the Pacolet River.,[object Object],The first mill had 12,000 spindles and 328 looms for its  500 operators.,[object Object],By 1894, there was a third mill that housed 57,000 spindles and 2,190 looms.,[object Object],The flood of 1903 ruined the first mill and,[object Object]
second mill.  It severely damaged #3.,[object Object],The mills were later rebuilt with the help of Seth Milliken.,[object Object],By 1907, Pacolet became the largest manufacturing complex in Spartanburg County.,[object Object],By 1983, all Pacolet plants were dismantled.,[object Object]
Goods made in Pacolet carried the white horse label.,[object Object]
Other Spartanburg County Textile Mills,[object Object],Apalache Mill,[object Object],Arkwright Mill,[object Object],Chesnee Cotton Mill ,[object Object],Clifton Mill,[object Object],Fairmont Mill,[object Object],Fingerville Cotton Factory,[object Object],Glendale Mill,[object Object],Jackson Mills,[object Object],Mayfair Mill,[object Object],Mary Louise,[object Object],Shamrock Mill,[object Object],Spartan Mill,[object Object],Riverdale Mill,[object Object],Tucapan Mill ,[object Object]
Apalache Mill,[object Object],One of the earliest mills in Spartanburg.,[object Object],It was built between 1836 and 1838 near the ,[object Object],    South Tyger River.,[object Object],It operated 1,300 spindles and 24 looms.,[object Object],From 1880 until 1888 the mill was known as Cedar Hill Factory,[object Object]
Apalache Mill,[object Object],At its peak in the 1900’s Apalache had 143 mill houses.,[object Object],In 1946, J. P. Stevens bought the factory and it produced cotton yarns, brown sheetings, and fancy weaves. ,[object Object],The plant closed in 1991.,[object Object]
Mary Louise Mill,[object Object],[object Object]
It was named for the daughter of W. E. “Ball” Watkins
It was also known as Island Creek Mill and Huckleberry Mill.
When it opened it had  1,040 spindles
Most of the mill was destroyed in the flood of 1903.,[object Object]
There were several other attempts to keep the mill in operation, before it was closed for good in 1968.
In February of 2000, it was destroyed by fire.,[object Object]
Spartan Mill ,[object Object],Spartan Mill consumed 1/3 of the county’s cotton crop.,[object Object],A second mill was added in 1896.,[object Object],Spartan Mill employed 1,300 workers.,[object Object],The company was renamed in 2000 to Spartan International.,[object Object],It closed in 2001.,[object Object]
Glendale Mill,[object Object],Glendale Mill was located along the banks of  Lawson Fork.,[object Object],The river  that provided the water power is Lawson Fork River.,[object Object],It was established by doctor James Bivings in 1836.,[object Object],In the Early days the mill had 1200 spindles and 24 looms.,[object Object]
Glendale Mills Continued,[object Object],In 1860 the mill had 14,435 spindles and 26 looms,[object Object],Then in 1907 the mill had 37,392 spindles, 518 plain looms, and 550 automatic looms.,[object Object],It went bankrupt in 1855 .,[object Object],It made cloth and after it was rebuild it made heavy drills and cloth.,[object Object],It was the first Glenwood factory and it closed in 1961. It is not in operation anymore.,[object Object]
Pacolet Textile Mills
Arkwright Mill,[object Object],Arkwright Mill was organized in 1896. ,[object Object],Located on Fairforest Creek in Spartanburg, SC,[object Object],Fairforest Creek supplied the water source for the mill.,[object Object],The mill operated 11,000 spindles and 374 looms.,[object Object]
Arkwright Mill (cont.),[object Object],It was named after Richard Arkwright, a British inventor of the spinning jenny.,[object Object],The mill survived the Great Depression by selling smoked hams throughout the U.S.,[object Object],Cateswood Plant, built in Arkwright made 20% of flannel for work gloves in the U.S.,[object Object]
Arkwright Mills,[object Object],The mill was closed in 1979 and demolished,[object Object],The last remanding plant, Cateswood, was sold to Mount Vernon Mills of Greenville in 2000 ,[object Object]
Arkwright Mill,[object Object]
Arkwright Mill,[object Object]
Fingerville Cotton Factory,[object Object],The Fingerville Cotton Factory opened in 1849. ,[object Object],It was located 15 miles north of Spartanburg. ,[object Object],The North Pacolet River provided the waterpowerfor the factory.,[object Object],In 1849, it had 400 spindles. In 1880, it had 1000 spindles and 15 looms.,[object Object]
 The original Fingerville Cotton Factory was destroyed by a fire. ,[object Object],The factory was heavily damaged by the flood of 1903 , but it did not close down. ,[object Object],The factory was closed in 1995 under the owner of Oneita Knitting Mills.,[object Object]
Chesnee Cotton Mill,[object Object],Chesnee Cotton Mill was established in 1910 by John A. Law.,[object Object],It was located in northeastern Spartanburg and powered by the Tyger River.,[object Object],In 1927, it operated 20,160 spindles and 440 looms.,[object Object],It produced army twill.,[object Object],It closed in 1997.,[object Object]
Jackson Mills,[object Object],Begin as Jordan Manufacturing in 1905, producing terry towels and quilts,[object Object],It was located two miles east of Wellford and powered by the Middle Tyger River.,[object Object],In 1907, it operated 36 looms.,[object Object],In 1940, it operated 30,840 spindles and 627 looms.,[object Object],It closed in 1997.,[object Object]
Riverdale Mill,[object Object],In 1888, it was incorporated as Enoree Manufacturing Company.,[object Object],It operated with 10,000 spindles, 320 looms and about 400 workers.,[object Object],It was built between two hills, and Two Mile Creek ran under the middle of the factory.,[object Object],The mill was not profitable until WWII.,[object Object]
Riverdale Mill cont.,[object Object], Riverdale Mill was bought three times and renamed twice, then was merged with Inman Mills in 1954.,[object Object],Riverdale Mill is no longer in operation. It was closed in August 2001 and was scheduled for demolition in 2002.                                                                                                          ,[object Object]
Clifton Manufacturing Company,[object Object],Mill No. 1 was established on January 19, 1880.,[object Object],It was located at Hurricane Shoals.,[object Object],It operated 7,000 spindles, and 144 looms.,[object Object],Mill No. 1 had a capital stock of 200,000 dollars.,[object Object]
Clifton Mill No. 2,[object Object],No. 2 was built in 1889.,[object Object],It operated 21,512 spindles, and 861 looms.,[object Object],It was located three quarters of a mile downstream from the 1st mill.,[object Object]
Clifton No. 3,[object Object], It was built in 1890.,[object Object],Clifton No. 3 was located upstream from the other two.,[object Object],It operated 34,944 spindles, and 1,092 looms.,[object Object], No. 3 was also known as “Converse.”,[object Object],It was named after Edgar Converse.,[object Object]
Mayfair Mills,[object Object],Established in 1903 as Arcadia Mills.,[object Object],The first mill was built near Fairforest  (Westgate area).,[object Object],The mill operated  14,624 spindles and 244 looms.,[object Object],Company went bankruptcy in the stock market crash of 1929 and was sold to Mayfair Mills,[object Object],The company went bankrupt in 2001 and closed all of the plants.,[object Object]

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Pacolet Textile Mills

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  • 18. It was named for the daughter of W. E. “Ball” Watkins
  • 19. It was also known as Island Creek Mill and Huckleberry Mill.
  • 20. When it opened it had 1,040 spindles
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  • 22. There were several other attempts to keep the mill in operation, before it was closed for good in 1968.
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  • 45. It was located in Landrum on Shamrock Avenue.
  • 46. It first produced damask table cloths, then switched to jacquard bedspreads.
  • 47. The mill operated 3,000 spindles and 1,100 looms.
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