Explains the importance of food/Aahara, & states the bases of classification.

1. 1
Nutrition & Health
Dr Nikhila B. H.

2. 2
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Nutrition –
• - ‘science of food & its relationship to health’.
▫ Growth
▫ Development
▫ Maintenance

3. 3
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Definitions –
• Nutrient – food factor – specific dietary
constituent.
• Dietetics – practical application of principles of
nutrition.
▫ Planning of meals for – Healthy & Sick.
• Good Nutrition – ‘A Nutrition that enables us to
grow well & enjoy good health.’

4. 4
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Community aspect –
•
•
•
•
•
Dietary constituents
Nutritional requirements
Assessment of nutritional status
Nutritional problems
Nutritional programs

5. 5
History -
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Period
Event
Early 19th
century
Till 1950
-
Resent years At present
-
protein, carbohydrate, & fats discovered.
Vitamins.
All nutrients presently known were discovered.
Nutrition gained recognition as scientific
discipline; related with physiology &
biochemistry.
Practical application.
Identifying nutritional diseases.
Developing technology to control PEM, etc,
Extension of science of nutrition to other fields
such as agriculture, animal husbandry,
economics & sociology.
Green revolution & white revolution.

6. H ISTORICAL P ERSPECTIVE
Evolution of Science of Nutrition in India
Period
Remarks on changes
Literature
3000 BC 1000 BC
Importance of food
Nutrition Discipline and
Conduct
Nutrition dynamics Vs
Pharmacodynamics
Vedic texts
3000 BC 1000 BC
Signifies the universal dietetic
regimen in ancient civilized society
Upanisadas
1500 BC 500 AD
Organized as well
developed science
Dedicated Chapters
Nutrition Vs Dietetics
Nutraceutics
Nutrition dynamics Vs
Pharmacodynamics
Ayurvedic Texts
•Charaka Samhita
•Sushrut Samhita
•Astanga Samgraha
500 AD1900 AD
Separate texts on Nutrition
Prophylactic Nutritional
interventions
Clinical Nutrition
Expansion of Use
16 major Nighantus
(like Dhanvantari
Bhavprakasha, Raja upto
Shaligram)
6

7. 7
Dr Nikhila B. H.
The problem?
•
•
•
•
The poorer section still continues to suffer.
Hence Nutrition became ‘Social problem’.
This led to international attention.
leading to activities like FAO, WHO, UNICEF,
etc..

8. 8
Dr Nikhila B. H.
The relation • Nutrition got associated with –
▫
▫
▫
▫
Infection
Immunity
Fertility
MCH, etc,.
• Recently –
• Relation of dietary factors with pathogens of non –
communicable diseases.
• Nutrition linked itself with epidemiology.
• It is also considered as a corner stone of
socioeconomic development.

9. 9
Dr Nikhila B. H.
The solution • A broad inter-sectorial & integrated approach is
needed.
• In the global campaign of ‘Health for All’,
promotion of proper nutrition is one of the eight
elements of ‘Primary Health Care’.
• National dietary goals.

10. 10
Dietetics in Ayurveda
Dr Nikhila B. H.

11. 11
Dr Nikhila B. H.
आहार • निरुक्ति – अङ् + हृ + घञ ्
• पर्यर् – भक्षणं, अशिं, भॊजिं, हव्र्ॆ,
To eat, to consume, etc.
• definition – आह्रिर्िॆ इनि आहारः I

12. 12
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Importance of Aahara
•
•
▫
◦ - Su. Su. 46/3

13. 13
Dr Nikhila B. H.
•
◦ - Su. Chi. 24/68

14. 14
Dr Nikhila B. H.
• Which food?
• Proof -
• Condition • Adverse effect - –
◦
Ch. Su. 27/3

15. 15
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Benefit –
•
◦ Ch. Su. 27/349-350

16. 16
Dr Nikhila B. H.
•
◦ Ch. Su. 25

17. 17
Classification
Dr Nikhila B. H.

18. 18
By Origin
• Animal origin
• Vegetable origin
Dr Nikhila B. H.
By Chemical
composition
•
•
•
•
•
Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Minerals
By
Predominant
factor
• Body – building foods
• Energy – giving foods
• Protective foods
By Nutritive
value
• 10 categories

19. 19
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Classification By Nutritive Value
• Cereals &
millets
• Pulses
(legumes)
• Vegetables
• Nuts & oil seeds
• Fruits
•
•
•
•
Animal foods
Fats & Oils
Sugar & Jiggery
Condiments &
Spices
• Miscellaneous
foods

20. 20
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Types of Aahara
Acc. To Ayurveda
Sl. No Category
Types
1
एक विध
due to ‘आहारत्ि’
2
क्व्िविध
- १) स्थािर, २) जंगम
- १) ह्रहि, २) अह्रहि
- (उिक)
य
3
चिवियध
ु
१) पाि, २) अशि, ३) भक्ष्र्, ४) लॆह्र्.
4
षड्विध
6 according to षड् रसs
5
विंषनि विध
20 according to गुणs.
6
अपररसंख्र्ॆर्
विकल्प भॆिॆि (द्रव्र्, संर्ॊग, करण, )

21. 21
F ORMS OF D IET
4-FORMS
i. Asita (eatable)
ii. Lidha
(lickables)
iii. Pita
(beverages)
iv. Khadita
(masticables)
-Charaka
samhita
6- FORMS
i. Cusya (chewables) as
sugarcane, pomegranate and
oranges
ii. Peya (drinkables) as mild and
other beverages
iii. Lehya (lickables) as Honey
iv. Bhojya (partially masticables)
as rice etc.
v. Bhaksya as Ladukam (sweet)
vi. Carvya (masticables) as dried
fram (Canaka) as other fruits
-Bhavaprakasa

22. 22
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Aahara Vargas according To
different authors Authors
Chapters
No. of Vargas
चरक
अन्िपाि विधध अध्र्ार्
12 िगय
सुश्रूि
िाग्भट (Ast Hrd)
अन्िपाि विधध अध्र्ार्
द्रिद्रव्र् विझािीर्
अन्िस्िरूप विझािीर्
द्रि – 10
अन्ि – 13
िगय – 5
िगय – 7

23. 23
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Vargas according to
Charaka Samhita

24. 24
चरकॊति िगय
Sl N0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Varga
शूक धान्र्
Examples
शालल, र्ि, गॊधुम…
मांस
प्रसह, भलमशर्, आिप,…
ु
ु
शमी धान्र्
शाक
मुद्ग, माष, कलथ्थ,…
ु
फल
िास्िक, उपॊह्रिका,…
ु
मक्व्िका, परुषक, िाररकल,…
ॆ
ृ
मद्र्
आसि, अररष्ट,…
हररि
जल
गॊरस
इक्षु
कृिान्ि
आहार र्ॊधग
आद्रय क,….
ह्रिव्र्, भौम,…
िग्ध, िधध, घॄि,…
ु
इक्षु रस, गुड, शकरा,…
य
मण्ड, पॆर्ा, सतिु,…
िैल, लिण, ह्रहंगु,…

25. 25
सश्रिॊति िगय
ु ु
Sl. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Dr Nikhila B. H.
द्रव
अन्न
क्षक्षरिगय
कधान्र् िगय
ु
जलिगय
िधधिगय
िक्रिगय
घििगय
ृ
िैलिगय
मधुिगय
मत्रिगय
ू
इक्षुिगय
10
qɱ िगय
11
-
12
-
13
-
शकधान्र्िगय
ू
िैिलिगय
मांसिगय
फलिगय
शाकिगय
पुष्पिगय
कन्ििगय
लिणिगय
क्षारिगय
धाििगय
ु
रत्ििगय
कृिान्ििगय

26. 26
Dr Nikhila B. H.
Why the ‘difference’?
• Shaili bheba
• Charaka gave importance mainly to ‘Aahara
Dravyas’ where as Sushruta included other
‘oudbhida, jangama, & parthiva dravyas’, as
medicinal properties of these category of dravyas
had become popular at his time.

27. 27
Dr Nikhila B. H.
िाग्भटॊति िगय (Ast. Hrd)
Sl. No.
1
2
द्रवद्रव्य ववझानीय
अन्नस्वरूप ववझानीय
क्षक्षरिगय (cha.)
लशम्बी धान्र् िगय
िॊर्िगय
िैलिगय (su.)
5
मद्र्िगय
किान्ि िगय
ॄ
मांस िगय
6
-
फल िगय
7
-
3
4
इक्षुिगय
शक धान्र् िगय
ू
शाक िगय
औषध िगय

28. 28
Dr Nikhila B. H.