ICIDH

1. “Impairment,” “Disability,” and
“Handicap,”

2. • The word “impairment,” “disability,” and
“handicap,” are very common words, each
having different meanings.
• Impairment, disability and handicap are all
related to conditions that make it hard or
impossible for an individual to function in a
normal capacity and the effect of those
conditions.

3. Impairment
• Simply we can say that Impairment is the
abnormality itself, it is the weakness or
damage of the organ.
• Impairment is a loss or abnormality of
psychological, physiological, or anatomical
structure or function.
• 'Impairment' is concerned with the
abnormalities of body structure and
appearance or of organ and system
functioning, resulting from any cause.

4. • Impairments are disturbances at the level of
the organ which include defects in or loss of a
limb, organ or other body structure, as well as
defects in or loss of a mental function.
• Examples of impairments include blindness,
deafness, paralysis of a limb, amputation of a
limb; mental retardation etc.

5. Disability
• Disability: any restriction or lack (resulting
from an impairment) of the ability to perform
an activity in the manner or within the range
considered normal for a human being.
• Disability' is the functional consequence of
impairment.

6. • Disability is the term used to define a
restriction in the ability to perform a normal
activity of daily living which someone of the
same age is able to perform.
• “Disability” means the lack of ability to
perform an activity in a manner that is
considered to be normal.

7. Handicap
• Handicap is a social construct / concept.
• 'Handicap' relates to the disadvantages
experienced in society by the individual, as a
result of his/her disability.
• It is basically society and the physical
environment what makes people handicapped.
• A handicap is a "disadvantage for a given
individual, resulting from an impairment or
disability, that limits or prevents the fulfillment of
a role that is normal, (depending on age, sex and
social and cultural factors) for that individual".

8. • Examples of handicaps include being
restricted or confined / limited to home; being
unable to use public transport; being socially
isolated.
• It is evident from the definitions above that a
handicap is the result both of an impairment
and of environmental conditions.
• If environmental barriers are taken away, the
person will still be impaired, but not
necessarily handicapped.

9. • Simply we can say that, impairment
refers to a problem with a structure or
organ of the body; disability is a
functional limitation with regard to a
particular activity; and handicap refers to
a disadvantage in filling a role in life.

10. Conclusion
• All disabled people are impaired, and all
handicapped people are disabled,
• but a person can be impaired and not
necessarily be disabled, and a person can be
disabled without being handicapped.

11. Thanks