integrated farming system and its benifits

1. INTEGRATED FISH FARMING
Dr.UDAY D.G.
M.V.Sc. Student
Dept.of LPM
VCH,Bengaluru.

2. • The principle of integrated fish farming
involves- farming of fish+livestock+/or
agricultural crops
• Efficient in resource utilization
• Rising cost of protein-rich fish food and
chemical fertilizers

3. Integrated Fish farming
Integrated fish farming systems refer to the
production, integrated management and
comprehensive use of aquaculture, agriculture
and livestock
India: about 1500 years ago

4. Types
Aquaculture – Agriculture Integration
Aquaculture – Livestock Integration

5. Aquaculture – Agriculture Integration
• Fish - Rice integration
• Fish - Azolla integration
• Fish - Horticulture integration
• Fish - Seri integration
• Fish - Mushroom integration

6. Aquaculture – Livestock Integration
• Fish – Duck integration
• Fish – Cattle integration
• Fish – Poultry integration
• Fish – Pig integration
• Fish – Goat/Sheep integration
• Fish – Rabbit integration

7. Some Fishes used IFF
1. Hypothalmichthys molitrix (silver carp)
2. Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp)
3. Labeo rohita (rohu)
4. Cirrihinus mrigala (mrigal)
5. Cyprinus carpio (common carp)
6. Catla catla (catla)

8. Aquaculture – Agriculture Integration

9. Fish – Rice culture
• Needs rice fields, digging peripheral trenches, dykes,
pond refuge, sowing improved rice varities, fish, rice-
bran and oil cake of 2-3% of body wt.
• Rice varities –
Panidhan,
Tusli,
CR 26077,
Adt 6,
Adt 7,
Rajarajan,
Pattambi 15 And 16

10. Withstand flood
Fish culture can be done
simultaneous culture
rotation culture
Fish sps must be
tolerate shallow water
temp. Up to 35 C
low dissoved O2
high turbidity

12. Fish – Azolla
• Azolla is a free floating fern
• Its thick mat eliminates mosquitoes
• Used as nitrogenous bio-fertilizer
• Only 20% should be cultured so that light
penetraton is normal
• Food for grass carp
• Provide shade to fishes
• Decayed azolla – feed for common carp & mrigal

14. Fish – Rice - Azolla

15. Fish - Horticulture
• Top, inner and outer dykes of ponds is utilized for
horticulture crops
• Pond water can be used for crops, vegetables and
fruit bearing plants
• Plants should be dwarf, less shady, evergreen

16. • Dwarf fruit bearing plants – mango, banana,
papaya, coconut, lime
• Pineapple, ginger, turmeric chilli are intercrops
• Rose, jasmine,marigold can also be grown

17. • Residues of vegetables could be recycled into
fish ponds
• When banana or coconut cultivated in rows
the ditches act as supply or drainage canal
• Grass carp, rohu, catla, mrigal – 50:15:20:15

20. Fish – Seri culture
• Mulberry is producer
• Silkworm is primary consumer
• Fish is secondary consumer (ingest silkworm
faeces)
• Temp. 15-32`C
• Humidity 50-90%

22. Aquaculture – Livestock Integration

23. Fish – Duck
• China, India, Hungary, Germany, Poland,
Russia
• A fish pond being semi-closed biological
system with aquatic animals and plants
provide disease free environment for ducks
• Ducks consume juvenile frogs, tadpoles,
dragon fly making safe environment to fish

24. • Advantage – no loss of energy & fertilization is
homogenous
• Duck droppings – carbon, phosphorous,
potassium, nitrogen, calcium
• Ducks move freely in screened places above
water

25. • Floating pens or suspended bamboo slits in
pond allow uniform manuring
• Stocking of fishes depend on size of pond and
no. of ducks
• Stocking 20,000 /ha – production 3000 - 4000
kg/ha/yr and duck eggs and meat

27. Fish – Duck - Vegetable

28. Fish – Cattle
• World wide
• Cattle urine, dung and washings are disposed
direly into fish ponds which saves money and
labour
• The cattle faeces and urine are beneficial to the
filter-feeding and omnivorous fishes.

29. • On an average, 3-4 cows/buffaloes can
provide sufficient manure to fertilize one
hectare pond
• In addition 9000 l milk & 3000-4000kg of fish
ha/yr
• Fish farmers not only earn money but also
supply fish and milk to market

30. • Cow requires 7000-8000kg grass/yr
• Grass carp utilizes leftover grass
• Fish also utilizes fine feed wasted by cattle
• 20,000-30,000 kg of slurry is recycled in 1ha
water area to get over 4000 kg fish without feed
or any fertillizer application

32. • Under this system of integration the poultry birds
are raised in cages under a shed normally
constructed over the pond or in the vicinity of the
pond
• The space requirement in such a system of poultry
raising is about 1 sq.ft. per bird. The droppings of
the birds fall on the floor from where these are
collected and applied to the pond
Fish - Poultry

33. • The chicken house can also be built directly
over the pond water so that the excreta may fall
in the pond water underneath
• Usually, 400–600 chickens/ha of pond water
surface are used.

34. • No feed or fertilizer is applied in the pond, except
aquatic vegetation for the grass carp. Fish
production at the rate of 4–5 t/ha is possible using
this system.
• In India, this system of freshwater fish culture has
assumed greater significance in view of its
potential role in recycling of organic wastes and
in integrated rural development

36. • The pig dung as an organic manure for fish culture
has certain advantages over cattle manure. The
waste produced by 20-30 pigs is equivalent to one
ton of Ammonium Sulphate applied to the soil
• The pigs are fed largely on kitchen waste, aquatic
plants and crop byproducts. At present, fish-pig
integration is practiced in all the developing
countries
Fish - Pig

37. • Several exotic breeds of pigs have been
introduced in the country to augment pork
production.
• The popular races are the
• White Yorkshire, Berkshire and Landrace

38. • The pig pens should provide adequate protection
from adverse weather conditions. A run or courtyard
adjacent to the pig house is essential
• The size of the pig house depends on the number of
pigs to be reared. Floor space is provided @3-4 m2 for
every pig weighing 70-90 kg

39. • The pig house are built mostly at the pond sites
and even over the ponds. The washings from the
pigsties containing dung and urine are either
channelised directly into the pond or composed
before its application
• The boars, sows and finishing stocks are housed
separately. Maize, groundnut, wheatbran,
fishmeal, mineral mixture provide base for
concentrated feed mixture

40. • In advanced countries,garbage is widely used to
economize pork production and provided after pre-
cooking when pig dung is applied to a pond
• It enhances the biological productivity of the pond.
A portion of dung is directly consumed by some fish
also. The excreta voided by 35-40 pigs is found
adequate to fertilize one hectare of water

42. Fish - Goat
• It is considered as poor man's cow and a
goat's excreta is considered as a very good
organic fertilizer
• The goat excreta contains organic carbon-60%,
N-2.7%, P-1.78%, K-2.88% and its urine is also
equally rich in both N & P
• 50-60 goats are essential to fertilize 1 ha pond

43. • The goat breeds are Jamanapari, Beetal, Barbari
for milk and Bengal, Sirihi, Deccani are used for
meat purpose
• Goats are selective feeders and consume
Berseem, Napier grass, Cowpea Soybean,
Mulberry etc.,
• This integration can provide 3500-4000 kg
fish/ha/year without supplementary feeding and
fertilizer

44. Fish - Rabbit
• Rabbit meat is preferred by most of the health
conscious consumers owing to its low fat in
comparison to other meats
• The important meat breeds are Soviet
Chinchilla, Grey Giant, and White Giant etc.,

45. • Rabbit excreta contain organic carbon-50%, N-2%,
P-1.33%, and K-1.2%.
• Its excreta is high in nitrogen content and low in
moisture, thus quality manure for sustained
plankton production
• It is estimated that excreta from 300 rabbits
would be enough for 1 ha pond fertilization

46. Advantages
• Fish provides high quality animal protein for human
consumption.
• A farmer can often integrate fish farming into the
existing farm to create additional income and improve
its water management.
• Fish growth in ponds can be controlled: the farmers
themselves select the fish species they wish to raise.

47. • The fish produced in a pond are the owner's property; they
are secure and can be harvested at will.
• Effective land use: effective use of marginal land e.g. land
that is too poor, or too costly to drain for agriculture can be
profitably devoted to fish farming provided that it is suitably
prepared.

48. Thank you ….