This document summarizes key concepts in human development from several theorists. It outlines Piaget's stages of cognitive development from sensorimotor to formal operations. It also describes Kohlberg's six stages of moral development and Erikson's psychosocial stages from infancy to late adulthood. The document then discusses physical, cognitive, and psychosocial issues at different developmental periods before concluding that addressing problems or delays in development can help clients develop more effective coping strategies as adults.

1. Course 1 Human Development Instructor: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes

2. Biopsychosocial Approaches Cognitive: Piaget Moral: Kohlberg Physical: American Academy of Pedicatrics Psychosocial: Erickson

3. Cognitive Sensorimotor:(birth to about age 2) The child learns about himself and his environment through motor and reflex actions. The child learns that he is separate from his environment She learns that things continue to exist even though they may be outside the reach of his senses. Issues

4. Preoperational:(begins about the time the child starts to talk to about age 7) Applying his new knowledge of language, the child begins to use symbols to represent objects. Early in this stage he also personifies objects. Oriented to the present, the child has difficulty conceptualizing time. Egocentrism: Thinking is influenced by the way he'd like things to be -- and he assumes that others see situations from his viewpoint. Issues

5. Concrete:(about first grade to early adolescence) The child develops an ability to think abstractly and to make rational judgements about concrete or observable phenomenal Issues

6. Formal Operations:(adolescence) This person no longer requires concrete objects to make rational judgements. She is capable of hypothetical and deductive reasoning. Issues

7. Moral Development Kohlberg Level 1. Preconventional Morality Stage 1. Obedience and Punishment Orientation. Stage 2. Individualism and Exchange

8. Level II. Conventional Morality Stage 3. Good Interpersonal Relationships. Stage 4. Maintaining the Social Order

9. Level III. Postconventional Morality Stage 5. Social Contract and Individual Rights. Stage 6: Universal Principles.

10. Physical Self-soothing AD/HD Dyslexia and other SLDs Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Cognitive impairments

11. Psychosocial: Erickson Infancy: Birth to 18 Months Outcome: Trust vs. Mistrust Basic strength: Drive and Hope Early Childhood: 18 Months to 3 Years Outcome: Autonomy vs. Shame Basic Strengths: Self-control, Courage, and Will

12. Play Age: 3 to 5 Years Outcome: Initiative vs. Guilt Basic Strength: Purpose School Age: 6 to 12 Years Outcome: Industry vs. Inferiority Basic Strengths: Method and Competence

13. Adolescence: 12 to 18 Years Outcome: Identity vs. Role Confusion Basic Strengths: Devotion and Fidelity Young adulthood: 18 to 35 Outcome: Intimacy and Solidarity vs. Isolation Basic Strengths: Affiliation and Love

14. Middle Adulthood: 35 to 55 or 65 Outcome: Generativity vs. Self absorption or Stagnation Basic Strengths: Production and Care Late Adulthood: 55 or 65 to Death Outcome: Integrity vs. Despair Basic Strengths: Wisdom

15. Maslow: Pulling it Together Physical health and safety Love and Belonging Self Esteem

16. Reparenting Assess for developmental gaps Educate client about development and needs Help client reparent

17. Summary Problems in physical, social, cognitive or interpersonal development can lead to mental health issues later in life Mental health issues often center around times when development was thwarted. Adult clients can learn to interpret events from a grown-up perspective and apply more effective coping strategies.