basic understanding of design process

1. IES PRE –paper (1)
Topic-(4)
Generalprinciplesof designs,
drawing, and Importanceofsafety
Devendrapulast

2. INTRODUCTION :-
The creative application of scientific principles to
design or develop structures, machines,
apparatus, or manufacturing processes, or works
utilizing them singly or in combination; or to
construct or operate the same with full cognizance
of their design; or to forecast their behavior under
specific operating conditions; all as respects an
intended function, economics of operation or
safety to life and property

3. The step used for solving the Design
problem are :-
• Define the problem or need
• Gather pertinent information
• generate multiple solution
• Analyze and select a solution
• Test and implement the solution

5. (1)Define the problem or need:-
• A problem must be clearly identified and defined before
to proceed toward design and development
• It is important to understand the”vision of design”
• Develop a problem statement such as:-

7. Establish criteria for success:-
DESIGN
LOW COST
SAFE
ENVIRONMENT
FRIENDLY
AESTHETIC
SIMPLE TO
OPERATE
MUST BE
DISPOSABLE

8. (2)Gather pertinent information :-
The information gather by asking Following question to the
design team –
• Is the problem real and its statement accurate
• Is there really a need for a new solution or has the problem
already been solved
• What are the existing solution to the problem
• What is Right/Wrong with the way the problem is currently
being solved
• What are the economic factor governing the solution ?
• How much will people pay for a solution to the problem ?

9. (3) Generate multiple solution:-
• This step depends upon the creativity of the
design team or the engineer in charge .
• Engineer have to imagine multiple ways to create
new solution or to improve existing available
solution based on the problem statement and
gathered pertinent information regarding
product .

10. Brain writing

11. (4) Analyze and select a solution :-
Before deciding which design solution to Implement the following is a list
of analysis that need to be considered
1) Functional analysis
2) Ergonomics/Industrial design
3) Product safety and liability
4) mechanical strength
6) manufacturing and testing
7) Economic and material analysis

12. Ergonomics
Ergonomics , an applied science concerned with designing
and arranging thing people use so that the people and
thing interact most efficiently and safety it is also called
human engineering

13. (5) Test and implement the solution :-
• The final phase of the engineering design is
testing and implementation of selected solution
These are divided into two part
1) Traditional engineering
2) concurrent engineering

16. Concurrent engineering
Concurrent engineering ,also known as simultaneous
engineering .is a method of designing and developing
product
In which the different stage run simultaneously rather
than consecutively
• It decrease product development time
• leading to improved productivity and reduced cost
Example :- CAD and CAM software based designing

21. Six sigma :-
Six sigma is a management philosophy that utilizes a set of tools
and techniques to improve business processes
The philosophy emphasizes setting extremely high objective ,
collecting data and analyzing result to a fine degree as a way
to reduce defects in products and service .
 six sigma process claims its benefits includes up to 50%
process cost reduce
These are two type :-
1) DMADV
2) DMAIC

22. DMADV should be used when an
organization
Is developing a new product or
service
DMAIC should be used when
An existing product or service
Is not meeting customer need

23. Golden rectangle:-
The golden rectangle was discovered by Pythagoras in ancient
Greece.
• The golden rectangle has proportion of its sides such that
when a square is cut from the rectangle the remaining
rectangle has the same proportion
• the process of dividing subsequent rectangles into square and
rectangle can continue till infinity in both the direction .
a + b
a
=
a
b

24. Use of golden rectangle in ancient structure

25. Use of golden spiral in modern building

26. Formation of galaxy is based on golden rectangle