Types of research

2. Types of Research
Classified into 2 types:
Basic or pure research
Applied research

3. Basic or pure research
Aims to come up with a new knowledge or
contribute to the existing body of knowledge
An explanation is introduced about an existing (or
new) idea

4. Applied research
The aim is to find applications for the theories or
create a product employing the existing idea or
theory

5. Qualitative and
Quantitative Research
There are two general methods of inquiry
employed in conducting research

6. Qualitative research
Employs qualitative methods and deals with
the characteristics observed from the
respondents with minimal to no use of
statistical analysis

7. Quantitative research
Uses quantitative procedures where the
respondents’ traits are translated numerically
Focuses on the analysis and interpretation of
the raw numerical data gathered based on
statistical outcomes

8. Comparison between Qualitative and
Quantitative Research

9. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Objective / purpose Understands underlying reasons
Gains insights in the prevailing trends
Is interpretative and contextualized
Expresses data in terms of numerical values as
gathered from the respondents
Draws out exact ideas from samples
Hypotheses May emerge as the study progresses Are specifically stated at the outset and tested
Sample Comes in small numbers. The respondents
(subjects) are identified using nonprobability
sampling
Comes in large numbers. The respondents are
selected to represent the population of interest
using probability sampling.
Data collection Unstructured (free in form) procedures Structured procedures
Data analysis Inductive analysis
Minimal to no use of statistical test
Deductive analysis of data
Requires the use of statistical test
Outcome Inclusive and needs further study before
recommending a course of action
Conclusive, usually descriptive in nature, and are
used to recommend to final course of action
Generalization Findings are particularly in – depth about a
certain phenomenon
Findings are generalizable to all situation.

10. The Research Process
How is research conducted?
 it follows the steps similar to the scientific
method

11. Identifying the Research Problem
The initial step in the research process is the
recognition of a research problem
Are those that cause unfavorable circumstances in
a community or an organization, further
investigation as recommended by previous research
studies, or gaps in any field of study

12. Identifying the Research Problem
research problem may be in the form of
questions that need to be answered at the end
of the research activity.
- Is the heart of a good qualitative research
 Serves as the researchers’ guide throughout the
research process and the focus of all the research
activities

13. Formulating Hypotheses
research problem may be in the form of
questions that need to be answered at the end
of the research activity.
- Is the heart of a good qualitative research
 Serves as the researchers’ guide throughout the
research process and the focus of all the research
activities