introuction, emergence,election, procedure, function, role of gp in achieving SDGs

1. GRAM PANCHAYAT:
Introduction,
emergence
Composition, election
procedure , functions.
Role of GP IN
achieving SDGs

2. INTRODUCTION
 The gram panchayat is the lowest tier in the Panchayati Raj
Institutions. It is also known as gaon panchayat and
panchayat. The panchayats are formed in a village or by
grouping of smaller villages. The gram panchayat is the
executive body of the gram sabha. Therefore Article 40 of the
constitution lays down that states shall take steps to organise
village panchayats and endow them with such power and
authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as
units of self-government
District Level----------Zila Parishad
Block Level------------Panchayat Samiti
Village Level-----------Gram Panchayat
Village Level-----------Gram Sabha (village Parliament)

3. EMERGENCE OF GRAM PANCHAYAT
 The Balawant Rai mehta committee led to the
establishment of the scheme of democratic
decentralisation which finally came to be known as
Panchayati raj in1958
 First adopted by the state of rajasthan 2ND oct 1959,

4.  COMPOSITION
 According To the Punjab Panchayati Raj Act 1994 the Gram Sabha from
amongst its members constitutes a Gram Panchayat. The Gram
Panchayat consists of a Sarpanch and some Panches. The number of
panches depends upon the population of the area. The number of
panches are as follows:
S.NO Population No. of
panches
1 For population exceeding 200 but not exceeding 1000 5
2 For population exceeding 1000 but not exceeding 2000 7
3 For population exceeding 2000 but not exceeding 5000 9
4 For population exceeding 5000 but not exceeding
10,000
11
5 For population exceeding 10,000 13

5. TERM
 The term of the Gram Panchayat is five years from the date of its first
meeting unless dissolved earlier.
 Elections are to be conducted in the Gram Panchayat within six months of
its dissolution. The term of the offices of the Panches and the Sarpanch of a
Gram Panchayat is five years (unless they resign earlier). It terminates with
the term of the Gram Panchayat.

6. ELECTION
 Elections to the panchayats are held either on the basis of electorate OR
(a) Total village electorate
(b) Ward wise division of electorate
 Total village electorate- In this the whole village elects the members of
the panchayat. The Panchayat area is made a multi member constituency.
Those candidates who get the highest number of votes are declared
elected.
 Ward wise division of electorate-In the second system the area of the
village is divided into smaller constituencies known as wards. This system
results in an equal and fair representation to all the areas of a locality.

7. RESERVATION OF SEATS FOR SARPANCH AND PANCHES
 Scheduled Castes: Office of the
Sarpanch of the Gram Panchayat in
the district is to be reserved for the
Scheduled Castes in proportion of
their population to the total
population in the district.
 Women: Not less than one-third of
the offices of the Sarpanch are to
be reserved for women this
includes the offices reserved for
women belonging to the Scheduled
Castes.
 Backward Classes: There is to be
no reservation for the Backward
Classes in the offices of the
Sarpanch.
 Scheduled Castes: Seats to be
reserved for the Scheduled Castes
on the basis of the proportion of their
population to the total population in
that Gram Sabha.
 Women: Not less than one-third of
the offices of the Panches are to be
reserved for women this includes the
offices reserved for women
belonging to the Scheduled Castes.
 Backward Classes: One office of
the Panch is to be reserved for the
Backward Classes if their population
is more than 20% of the total
population of that Gram Sabha area
SARPANCH PANCHES

8. POWER, FUNCTION AND DUTIES OF SARPANCH
The Sarpanch is to perform the following functions according to the
Punjab Panchayati Raj Act 1994:
 He convenes the meetings of the Gram Sabha and preside over them;
 He convenes the meetings of the Gram Panchayat and preside over them;
 He maintains the records of the Gram Panchayat;
 He is responsible for the General and Financial Administration of the Gram
Panchayat;
 He exercises administrative supervision and control over the staff of the
Gram Panchayat and other officers placed under the Gram Panchayat;
 He transacts business connected with this Act or for the purpose of making
any other order
 He exercises any other powers which the state govt. or the Gram Panchayat
may direct either by general or special resolution.

9. Legal status: The Gram Panchayat is a corporate body. It can buy, sell and enter
into contracts.
Meeting: The meetings of the Gram Panchayat are to be held at least once a
month at the office of the Gram Panchayat or at any other area within the Gram
Sabha. Seven clear days notice is required to be given to the Panches and the
Sarpanch for an ordinary meeting along with the time, date and place.
Special Meeting: the Sarpanch has the power to call for a special meeting of
the Gram Panchayat if a majority of the Panches request him in writing to do so. If
the Sarpanch does not do so within three days then the Panches can call a meeting
after giving a weeks notice through the Panchayat’s Secretary to the Sarpanch and
the other Panches. Three clear days notice is required to be given in the case of such
a meeting.
(panchayat secretary: he is appointed by government. He is not a elected member)
Quorum: A majority of the Panches who are holding office form the
quorum.

10. COMMITTEES
Every Gram Panchayats is to have the following standing committees by
election:
 Production Committee: Performs functions related to agricultural
production, animal husbandry and rural industry and poverty alleviation
programmes;
 The Social Justice Committee: Performs functions related to the socio-
economic welfare of the weaker sections, women and children.
 The Amenities Committee: Performs functions related to public health,
public works, education and other functions of the Gram Panchayats.
Each committee is to consist of not less than three and not more than five
members including the Sarpanch. The Sarpanch is the Chairman of all
these Committees. In the Social Justice Committee at least one member
should be from the SCs and one member should be a women.

11. FUNCTIONS
 The Gram Panchayats are the basic units of rural local government in our country. A number of
functions have been allotted to the Gram Panchayats. For the sake of simplicity these functions
can be clubbed in the following heads:
1.CIVIC FUNCTIONS: It is the responsibility of the Gram Panchayats to provide for the civic
amenities in the sabha area. Under the civic functions the panchayats perform the following
functions: Construction repair and maintenance of community assets like:
 public places including its sanitation and drains;
 wells, water-pumps, springs, ponds and tanks for the supply of water for drinking, washing and
bathing;
 burial and cremation grounds;
 the lighting of public places;
 ponds for animals, cattle and sheds for carts, bicycle, rickshaw and auto stand;
 public gardens, playgrounds; libraries and reading-rooms

12. 2.ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS: The economic functions include:
•organising, regulating and control of local markets for sale and purchase of
goods;
•organisation of awareness camps, seminars and training programmes,
agricultural and industrial exhibitions for the benefit of the rural areas;
•promotion of public awareness and participation in poverty alleviation
programmes for fuller employment and creation of productive assets etc.;
•raising, preserving and improving village forests, pastures and orchards.
3.FINANCIAL FUNTIONS: Following are the financial functions of the gram
panchayats:
•the panchayats make a budget every year and submit it to the Panchayat
Samiti for approval;
•it has the power to levy taxes, fees and fines in the area of its jurisdiction;
•it collects revenue and other dues from its area of jurisdiction;
•it keeps the accounts of the panchayats in the prescribed manner and present
them for audit whenever required;

13. 4.ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTION:
These functions are administrative and regulatory in nature. The following
functions are included:
 prohibit beggary;
 regulate or prohibit the establishment of brick-kiln and charcoal within the
specified limit;
 regulate or prohibit the watering of cattle or bathing or washing near wells,
ponds etc.
 regulation and killing of stray dogs;
 collection of statistics, registration of births and deaths, maintenance of
records etc

14. 5.DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION:
The developmental activities referred here are community development
programmes, agricultural development etc. The Gram Panchayats have been
visualised as base agencies for carrying out socio-economic transformation.
The Act provides for the following developmental functions:
 Agriculture including agriculture extension
 Maintenance of minor irrigation work.
 Promotion of rural industries
 Promotion of public awareness and participation in primary and secondary
education.
 Implementation of family welfare and population control programmes
 Providing for and maintenance lighting of public streets.
 Selection of beneficiaries for various employment programmes (Such as
MGNREGA)

15. 6.JUDICIAL FUNCTIONS
 The gram panchayats also perform some judicial and quasi-judicial
functions. It acts as a village court having certain amount of jurisdiction in
criminal, civil and revenue spheres. The gram panchayats have powers
and shall have jurisdiction over matters laid down in Schedule II (of the
Punjab Panchayati Raj Act). The gram panchayats are considered to be
criminal courts when trying criminal cases. Schedule II includes:
committing a public nuisance; voluntarily causing hurt; gambling in public;
cruelty towards animals etc.
7.LEGISLATIVE FUNCTIONS: The gram panchayats make byelaws
consistent with the panchayati raj Act along with the rules thereunder. It may
also direct that a breach of it shall be punishable with fine.

16. 8.MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS
The following miscellaneous functions are performed by the gram
panchayats:
 power to enquire, and report about the misconduct of petty officials;
 supervision over Patwaries;
 power to introduce prohibition;
 functions delegated by the state government to the panchayats.

17. ROLE OF GP IN ACHIEVING SDGS
 There are 17 SDGs with 169 targets. Panchyats will have a main role to
play in achieving the SDGs
2. End hunger, achieve food security and improve food nutrition and
promote sustainable agriculture
Facilitate: Enroll families under PDS(public distribution system), children, pregnant
women and adolescent girls under ICDS(integrated child development services),
elder people, farmers etc
Promote: Locally available nutritious food, bring change in agriculture practices
Monitor : growth of children under 6, coverage of pregnant women under ICDS
supplementary nutrition programs
Strengthen : information ,education and communication strategy for nutrition
community .

18. 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote
lifelong opportunities for all
Facilitate: transport and hostels for children belonging to isolated areas
, scholarships, uniform, textbooks, mid-day meals and to fill the vacant
teacher posts
Promote : Awareness on RTE act,(Right of children to free and
compulsory education ),plan to improve infrastructure for Anganwadis.
Monitor: quality of education, rate & reason for school dropouts for girls
and boys , rate &reason of irregularity of children
Strengthen: preschool anganwadi welfare committees, libraries to
support literacy program, function of panchayat lok shiksha committee.

19. 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
Facilitate : formation of gram samanvaya samitis, women
represenation , gender status studies, enrollment of all girls children in
Anganwadis, poorna shakti kendra , women participation in SHGs (self
help group)
Promote : universal birth registration , philosophy of beti bachao beti
padhao, awarness against gender discrimination.
Monitor: to prevent child marriage , sex selective abortion , trafficking
Strengthen : girls to acquire higher education and technical skills ,
women participation in local development and governance , basic
facilities for women and children

20. VARIOUS AWARDS RELATED TO GP 2020
 The awards are given on the national panchayati Raj
day celebrated on 24th of april every year.
 E-panchayat puraskar 2020
Himachal pradesh
 Child- friendly gram panchayat 2020
Andhra pradesh
 Nanaji deshmukh rashtriya gaurav gram sabha
puraskar 2020
Andhra pradesh