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BUILDING MATERIALS
& CONSTRUCTIONS
POORNIMA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, JAIPUR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Temporary structures
DIVYA VISHNOI
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
2. What are temporaryworks?
O Temporary works (TW) are the parts of a construction
project that are needed to enable the permanent work
s to be
built. Usually the TW are removed after
use.
O EX- Scaffolding
Shoring
Underpinning
3. What is Scaffolding?
ï Scaffolding, also called staging, is a temporary
structure used to support people and material in the
Construction or repair of building and other structures.
4. O Types ofscaffolding
I. Single scaffolding
II. Double scaffolding
III. Needle scaffolding
IV. Trestle scaffolding
V. Suspended scaffolding
VI. Steel scaffolding
VII. Patented scaffolding
6. ï This is the most common type of scaffolding
and is widely use in the construction of brick
work..
ï It consist of a single row of standards placed at a
distance of about 1.20m from the wall.
ï Standard are placed at 2 to 2.5 m interval.
8. ï This scaffolding is stronger than the single
scaffolding.
ï It is used in the construction of stonework.
9. Needle Scaffolding
ut.
O Used:
ï Ground is week to support
the standards.
ï Construction of upper part
of the wall is to be carried o
ï It is required to keep the
ground near wall , free f
or traffic etc.
10. Trestle Scaffolding
ï In this type of scaffolding,
the working platform is s
upported on movable co
ntrivances movable on
wheels.
ï Use: painting , repair work
11. What is Shoring?
ï Shoring is the construction of a temporary
structure to support temporarily an unsafe
structure.
Types of Shoring
ï Raking Shores
ï Flying Shores
ï Dead Shores
13. ï This is a system of giving temporary
support to an unsafe wall.
ï The construction of raking shore, varies
with the condition at site.
ï In this method In this method inclined
members called rakers are used to give
lateral support to the wall.
16. ï In this type of shoring horizontal supports are pr
ovided for supporting temporarily the parallel wal
ls of the two adjacent buildings which may tend t
o collapse or damage.
ï If the walls are quite near to each other (up to
9m) single flying shore can be constructed.
ï When the distance between two parallel walls is
more than 9m a double shore can be constructed
.
18. Such type of shoring is provided for the
following purposes:
ï Rebuild the defective lower part of the
wall.
ï Rebuild the existing foundation.
ï To make large opening in the existing wall.
19. Underpinning
The term underpinning is applied to the construction of a
new foundation underneath the existing one for strengthening
purposes.
Types ofunderpinning
Pit Method
Pile Method
Miscellaneous Method
20. 1. Pit Method
ï In this method existing wall over
the foundations divided into various
sections, generally 1.2 to 1.5 m in le
ngth.
ï Holes are than made at adequate
height in the existing wall.
ï In these holes steel needle beams
with bearing plates are inserted
and supported on either side of the
by means of crib supports.
21. 2. Pile Method
n
ï I n this method, piles are
driven at regular interval
along both the sides of the
wall.
âą The piles are connected by
concrete or steel needles,
penetrating through the w
all.
âą This method is very much
useful in clayey soils, and i
water logged areas.