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Leonardo Energy Webinar, 13 November 2017
Guarantees of Origin and their
contribution to corporate energy
strategies
Supplying electricity
Simple right?
Basically, an electricity supplier is acting as a link between
producer and (corporate) consumer
Simple? With 2 production facilities…
…things get a little more complicated already
On the electricity grid, power has neither…
smell,
nor
colour
And that distinguishes electricity from other products
It’s impossible to label, nor to package the green electricity
separately!
Fuel mix
And if we now add a second consumer…
How to make green electricity reliable?
…things tend to get really complicated!
Why am I telling this story?
I am not an electricity supplier
I don’t produce electricity
But AIB’s focus is on a key element in this story:
the Guarantee of Origin
We are an international not for profit association with members
in 20 countries (and growing)
Our goal is to have Europe work together around the instrument
that makes green electricity trustworthy
Association of Issuing Bodies
GOs: the principle…
… is “book
and claim”
Status of AIB membership in Europe
MembersMembers
Formal applicantFormal applicant
Active Observers
Countries to observe
AIB’s activities
• Developed and maintains the European Energy Certificate
System, which acts as a de facto standard
• Operates a hub for trading GOs
-> Vital role in GO market and disclosure
• Has taken over operational tasks from RE-DISS (2016):
– Residual mix calculation
– Country profiles
• Member audits/reviews
• Fraud prevention
• Policy guidance: Reflection Paper RES Directive (June 2015),
Reaction to the proposals on GOs in RED II,…
European framework – 3 Directives
Internal Energy
Markets Directive
2009/72/EC
Energy
source
disclosure
RES Directive
2009/28/EC
RES
GOs
Energy Efficiency
Directive
2012/27/EC
HEC
GOs
Code of conduct| 19 May 2015 | Slide: 11
AIB copyright © 2015 We reserve the rights in this document and in the information contained therein.
Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.
The AIB is a non-profit-making international association.
Guarantee of Origin: Legal framework
The Guarantee of Origin (GO) is defined as:
a unique, tradable and transferable electronic document
with the sole function of providing proof to a final customer
that a given share of energy was produced from renewable
sources / high efficiency cogeneration
To claim to have used 1 MWh of electricity from renewable
sources, the associated GO needs to be cancelled in the registry
of the Issuing Body of the country of consumption
This prevents double counting, guaranteeing that no RES MWh
can be sold/claimed twice
So what are GOs for anyway?
Given that GOs are for "proving to final customers the share or
quantity of energy from renewable sources in an energy
supplier’s energy mix“, so called ‘Disclosure information’,
their purpose is not (explicitly) to support or stimulate new
investments in renewable production capacity!
GOs should be seen as an instrument for consumer
empowerment, not for direct investment stimulation
GOs are time stamped and expire if not used, but then end up in
the residual mix, and cannot be claimed by a single consumer…
Disclosure and GOs…
… are two sides of the same coin
•GO is proof of production
•Disclosure information is proof of consumption
From production to consumption is one single process chain,
so from a policy perspective, they need to be looked at as one
integral process
The current disclosure process is on an annual basis
The Clean Energy Package opened a discussion about the lifespan
of the GO…
Why would you be bothered with GOs?
Corporate Social Responsibility reporting
Carbon Footprinting
Environmental footprint of products and organisations
Green energy procurement
Climate leadership
Science Based Targets Initiative
Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Standard (Scope 2 emissions)
RE100/WeMeanBusiness
Power Purchase Agreements
…
Staggering growth of demand for GOs
‘Oversupply ‘ is quickly becoming an argument about the past!
Corporate consumers are getting pickier and rightly so!
Trends:
Locally produced
From particular (renewable) sources:
– Solar
– Wind
– Hydro
– …
Unsupported production
From recently build facilities
Or a combination of all of the above…
Trends in electricity sourcing
GOs
enable
such
choices!
CO2 is an important part of this!
Grid CO2:
600g/kWh
Hydro CO2:
0g/kWh
Nuclear CO2:
0g/kWh
Wind CO2:
0g/kWh
Coal CO2:
800g/kWh
Mission of GOs (according to AIB)
Electricity consumers must be able…
•To choose power from a specific origin
•To trust in the system that guarantees green electricity: no
double counting or ’greenwashing’
•To be informed and understand how their decisions influence
the planet and society,
•To take responability for their impact on the environment and
the climate, be accountable
•(for multinational consumers) To be able to use the same
concept and processes all over the AIB-area
The Green Power Market: Diversity!
0,35
€
/MWh
3 €
4 €
1 €
Corporate sustainability strategies
Level 1: on site investment
No explaining to do, marketing is no-brainer
Need for financing, physical circumstances must be suitable, lot’s of
partnerships and/or responsibilities
Level 2: off site investment, e.g. Power Purchasing Agreement with a
newly built or to be built wind park
Need for finance but can be shared, lot’s of partnerships and/or
responsibilities, but how to prove you are using the power from the
wind turbines?
You need GOs!
Level 3: sourcing green electricity: you need GOs!
Additionality?
A rising demand for electricity from renewable sources will
contribute to more production
It’s basic economics!
GO is not homogeneous, generic instrument: you can ask for
locally produced, for specific technologies, for newly built plants,
…!
Greenwashing?
‘Greening coal power’ is not possible, you can only buy electricity
and then buy GOs to make sure that you use green electricity
But electricity suppliers must inform consumers to the extent
they desire!
Are you making a difference?
Google it! Google on additionality
“Additionality is a tricky concept”
Imagine a power company built a wind farm many years ago. They built it because they thought it was good
business at the time, but the fact that it was a renewable resource was not important to their decision. They
currently sell the power into the grid, and they’re happy with their investment. Moreover, this power
company has no plans to build any more wind farms. The power company figures it could sell Google the
output of their wind farm; for their existing customers they would just make up the difference by buying some
other source of energy, perhaps from the coal plant down the street.
Say the wind project doesn’t yet exist. There is a company that wants to build one, but they need a reliable
customer to help them make the project financially sound. In this scenario, signing up would spur the
development of additional renewable power.
Perhaps a company does own an operating wind project, and is known to be a serial developer of renewable
energy projects. They use the cash flow from one project to finance the next or to convince Wall Street that
they have bankable income. As in the previous case, we would consider the power from this wind farm as
additional since we have confidence that the proceeds will be used to finance additional renewable power.
Google it! Google on additionality
“Additionality is a tricky concept”
Imagine a power company built a wind farm many years ago. They built it because they thought it was good
business at the time, but the fact that it was a renewable resource was not important to their decision. They
currently sell the power into the grid, and they’re happy with their investment. Moreover, this power
company has no plans to build any more wind farms. The power company figures it could sell Google the
output of their wind farm; for their existing customers they would just make up the difference by buying some
other source of energy, perhaps from the coal plant down the street.
Say the wind project doesn’t yet exist. There is a company that wants to build one, but they need a reliable
customer to help them make the project financially sound. In this scenario, signing up would spur the
development of additional renewable power.
Perhaps a company does own an operating wind project, and is known to be a serial developer of renewable
energy projects. They use the cash flow from one project to finance the next or to convince Wall Street that
they have bankable income. As in the previous case, we would consider the power from this wind farm as
additional since we have confidence that the proceeds will be used to finance additional renewable power.
ADDITIONAL!
ADDITIONAL!
NOT ADDITIONAL!
A case study: NIKE European Logistics Center
• European Logistic Center in Laakdal (Belgium) since 1994
• 1850 workers + 800 extra in peak periods
• Capacity will double by new next door site
• Strong focus on sustainability:
• Transport :
• 95% transport by ship
• Electrical fork lifts and yard hogs
• Carpooling, electric vehicles, (electric) bikes
• Energy :
• 6 Wind turbines of 1,5 MW
• 1 MW of solar PV
• Ambition to purchase nothing but renewable energy
CEER © Zero Emission Solutions
2015
Biogas plant 2 MW
Hydro plant 1 MW
Wind turbines 9 MW
PV 1 MW
CEER Green Workshop – 19/06/2015 © Zero Emission Solutions
• Corporate Strategy:
• 100 % renewable energy
• Preferably by auto consumption
• If not: by purchase from local renewable energy producers
• Maximum diversity in technology
• ‘offset’ of electricity:
• 1 MW Solar PV project on top of building
= 0,9 GWh production and instant consumption
• 6 Wind turbines on site:
• Owned by third party
• Injection of 16 GWh into the grid
• NIKE (ZES) buys GOs from producer
• 2 GWh of GOs from hydro plant
• 4 GWh of GOs from neighbouring biogas plant
• Monthly cancellation in VREG-account
Case study: Zero Emission Solutions for NIKE
CEER Green Workshop – 19/06/2015 © Zero Emission Solutions
GOs are recognised as strategic instrument now
• On site: for claiming the green character of production (non-
tradable GOs)
• Off site PPA:
• Needed to ‘close’ the business model
• Trusted and understood by finance providers
• Green procurement:
• Understood by buyers,
• Reassured by the possibility of choice
• Many goals: CSR, Carbon footprinting, SBT,…
Regulators verify and should inform!
An example is the ‘Origin
Comparator’ of Belgian
regulator VREG which
allows consumers to
compare the fuel mix of
suppliers down to contract
level
For RES, information on
technology and country of
origin is given
Empowering information
for consumers!
Regulators verify and should inform! (2)
With VREG’s ‘Greencheck’ you can verify whether the electricity
supplier is fulfilling the promise of supplying RES originated power
Reliable and transparent
AIB facilitates reliable transparency through standardisation:
- Where, How, When is the power produced?
AIB members commit to following a unique standard and consistent
methodologies
Peer reviews ensure credibility and reliability
Our goal:
a transparent market,
where empowered consumers
drive the energy transition
AIB - guaranteeing the origin
of European energy
Dirk Van Evercooren, AIB President
dirk.vanevercooren@aib-net.org
+32 (0) 478 550480

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Guarantees of Origin webinar Leonardo Energy 13 November 2017

  • 1. Leonardo Energy Webinar, 13 November 2017 Guarantees of Origin and their contribution to corporate energy strategies
  • 2. Supplying electricity Simple right? Basically, an electricity supplier is acting as a link between producer and (corporate) consumer
  • 3. Simple? With 2 production facilities… …things get a little more complicated already
  • 4. On the electricity grid, power has neither… smell, nor colour And that distinguishes electricity from other products It’s impossible to label, nor to package the green electricity separately! Fuel mix
  • 5. And if we now add a second consumer… How to make green electricity reliable? …things tend to get really complicated!
  • 6. Why am I telling this story? I am not an electricity supplier I don’t produce electricity But AIB’s focus is on a key element in this story: the Guarantee of Origin We are an international not for profit association with members in 20 countries (and growing) Our goal is to have Europe work together around the instrument that makes green electricity trustworthy Association of Issuing Bodies
  • 7. GOs: the principle… … is “book and claim”
  • 8. Status of AIB membership in Europe MembersMembers Formal applicantFormal applicant Active Observers Countries to observe
  • 9. AIB’s activities • Developed and maintains the European Energy Certificate System, which acts as a de facto standard • Operates a hub for trading GOs -> Vital role in GO market and disclosure • Has taken over operational tasks from RE-DISS (2016): – Residual mix calculation – Country profiles • Member audits/reviews • Fraud prevention • Policy guidance: Reflection Paper RES Directive (June 2015), Reaction to the proposals on GOs in RED II,…
  • 10. European framework – 3 Directives Internal Energy Markets Directive 2009/72/EC Energy source disclosure RES Directive 2009/28/EC RES GOs Energy Efficiency Directive 2012/27/EC HEC GOs
  • 11. Code of conduct| 19 May 2015 | Slide: 11 AIB copyright © 2015 We reserve the rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. The AIB is a non-profit-making international association. Guarantee of Origin: Legal framework The Guarantee of Origin (GO) is defined as: a unique, tradable and transferable electronic document with the sole function of providing proof to a final customer that a given share of energy was produced from renewable sources / high efficiency cogeneration To claim to have used 1 MWh of electricity from renewable sources, the associated GO needs to be cancelled in the registry of the Issuing Body of the country of consumption This prevents double counting, guaranteeing that no RES MWh can be sold/claimed twice
  • 12. So what are GOs for anyway? Given that GOs are for "proving to final customers the share or quantity of energy from renewable sources in an energy supplier’s energy mix“, so called ‘Disclosure information’, their purpose is not (explicitly) to support or stimulate new investments in renewable production capacity! GOs should be seen as an instrument for consumer empowerment, not for direct investment stimulation GOs are time stamped and expire if not used, but then end up in the residual mix, and cannot be claimed by a single consumer…
  • 13. Disclosure and GOs… … are two sides of the same coin •GO is proof of production •Disclosure information is proof of consumption From production to consumption is one single process chain, so from a policy perspective, they need to be looked at as one integral process The current disclosure process is on an annual basis The Clean Energy Package opened a discussion about the lifespan of the GO…
  • 14. Why would you be bothered with GOs? Corporate Social Responsibility reporting Carbon Footprinting Environmental footprint of products and organisations Green energy procurement Climate leadership Science Based Targets Initiative Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Standard (Scope 2 emissions) RE100/WeMeanBusiness Power Purchase Agreements …
  • 15. Staggering growth of demand for GOs
  • 16. ‘Oversupply ‘ is quickly becoming an argument about the past!
  • 17. Corporate consumers are getting pickier and rightly so! Trends: Locally produced From particular (renewable) sources: – Solar – Wind – Hydro – … Unsupported production From recently build facilities Or a combination of all of the above… Trends in electricity sourcing GOs enable such choices!
  • 18. CO2 is an important part of this! Grid CO2: 600g/kWh Hydro CO2: 0g/kWh Nuclear CO2: 0g/kWh Wind CO2: 0g/kWh Coal CO2: 800g/kWh
  • 19. Mission of GOs (according to AIB) Electricity consumers must be able… •To choose power from a specific origin •To trust in the system that guarantees green electricity: no double counting or ’greenwashing’ •To be informed and understand how their decisions influence the planet and society, •To take responability for their impact on the environment and the climate, be accountable •(for multinational consumers) To be able to use the same concept and processes all over the AIB-area
  • 20. The Green Power Market: Diversity! 0,35 € /MWh 3 € 4 € 1 €
  • 21. Corporate sustainability strategies Level 1: on site investment No explaining to do, marketing is no-brainer Need for financing, physical circumstances must be suitable, lot’s of partnerships and/or responsibilities Level 2: off site investment, e.g. Power Purchasing Agreement with a newly built or to be built wind park Need for finance but can be shared, lot’s of partnerships and/or responsibilities, but how to prove you are using the power from the wind turbines? You need GOs! Level 3: sourcing green electricity: you need GOs!
  • 22. Additionality? A rising demand for electricity from renewable sources will contribute to more production It’s basic economics! GO is not homogeneous, generic instrument: you can ask for locally produced, for specific technologies, for newly built plants, …! Greenwashing? ‘Greening coal power’ is not possible, you can only buy electricity and then buy GOs to make sure that you use green electricity But electricity suppliers must inform consumers to the extent they desire! Are you making a difference?
  • 23. Google it! Google on additionality “Additionality is a tricky concept” Imagine a power company built a wind farm many years ago. They built it because they thought it was good business at the time, but the fact that it was a renewable resource was not important to their decision. They currently sell the power into the grid, and they’re happy with their investment. Moreover, this power company has no plans to build any more wind farms. The power company figures it could sell Google the output of their wind farm; for their existing customers they would just make up the difference by buying some other source of energy, perhaps from the coal plant down the street. Say the wind project doesn’t yet exist. There is a company that wants to build one, but they need a reliable customer to help them make the project financially sound. In this scenario, signing up would spur the development of additional renewable power. Perhaps a company does own an operating wind project, and is known to be a serial developer of renewable energy projects. They use the cash flow from one project to finance the next or to convince Wall Street that they have bankable income. As in the previous case, we would consider the power from this wind farm as additional since we have confidence that the proceeds will be used to finance additional renewable power.
  • 24. Google it! Google on additionality “Additionality is a tricky concept” Imagine a power company built a wind farm many years ago. They built it because they thought it was good business at the time, but the fact that it was a renewable resource was not important to their decision. They currently sell the power into the grid, and they’re happy with their investment. Moreover, this power company has no plans to build any more wind farms. The power company figures it could sell Google the output of their wind farm; for their existing customers they would just make up the difference by buying some other source of energy, perhaps from the coal plant down the street. Say the wind project doesn’t yet exist. There is a company that wants to build one, but they need a reliable customer to help them make the project financially sound. In this scenario, signing up would spur the development of additional renewable power. Perhaps a company does own an operating wind project, and is known to be a serial developer of renewable energy projects. They use the cash flow from one project to finance the next or to convince Wall Street that they have bankable income. As in the previous case, we would consider the power from this wind farm as additional since we have confidence that the proceeds will be used to finance additional renewable power. ADDITIONAL! ADDITIONAL! NOT ADDITIONAL!
  • 25. A case study: NIKE European Logistics Center • European Logistic Center in Laakdal (Belgium) since 1994 • 1850 workers + 800 extra in peak periods • Capacity will double by new next door site • Strong focus on sustainability: • Transport : • 95% transport by ship • Electrical fork lifts and yard hogs • Carpooling, electric vehicles, (electric) bikes • Energy : • 6 Wind turbines of 1,5 MW • 1 MW of solar PV • Ambition to purchase nothing but renewable energy CEER © Zero Emission Solutions
  • 26. 2015 Biogas plant 2 MW Hydro plant 1 MW Wind turbines 9 MW PV 1 MW CEER Green Workshop – 19/06/2015 © Zero Emission Solutions
  • 27. • Corporate Strategy: • 100 % renewable energy • Preferably by auto consumption • If not: by purchase from local renewable energy producers • Maximum diversity in technology • ‘offset’ of electricity: • 1 MW Solar PV project on top of building = 0,9 GWh production and instant consumption • 6 Wind turbines on site: • Owned by third party • Injection of 16 GWh into the grid • NIKE (ZES) buys GOs from producer • 2 GWh of GOs from hydro plant • 4 GWh of GOs from neighbouring biogas plant • Monthly cancellation in VREG-account Case study: Zero Emission Solutions for NIKE CEER Green Workshop – 19/06/2015 © Zero Emission Solutions
  • 28. GOs are recognised as strategic instrument now • On site: for claiming the green character of production (non- tradable GOs) • Off site PPA: • Needed to ‘close’ the business model • Trusted and understood by finance providers • Green procurement: • Understood by buyers, • Reassured by the possibility of choice • Many goals: CSR, Carbon footprinting, SBT,…
  • 29. Regulators verify and should inform! An example is the ‘Origin Comparator’ of Belgian regulator VREG which allows consumers to compare the fuel mix of suppliers down to contract level For RES, information on technology and country of origin is given Empowering information for consumers!
  • 30. Regulators verify and should inform! (2) With VREG’s ‘Greencheck’ you can verify whether the electricity supplier is fulfilling the promise of supplying RES originated power
  • 31. Reliable and transparent AIB facilitates reliable transparency through standardisation: - Where, How, When is the power produced? AIB members commit to following a unique standard and consistent methodologies Peer reviews ensure credibility and reliability Our goal: a transparent market, where empowered consumers drive the energy transition
  • 32. AIB - guaranteeing the origin of European energy Dirk Van Evercooren, AIB President dirk.vanevercooren@aib-net.org +32 (0) 478 550480

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. In a normal power system, electricity comes from many sources, so consumers don’t know where it comes from. How do you prove the source of the energy to consumers? We need a simple story! It’s not about: “There are no green electrons” – we can forget about ‘the green grid, versus the grey grid’.
  2. Slide 4: How do we give power to the people with Gos? Well, the mission of Gos is to enable consumers to: Choose the origin of their electricity freely and support the type of electricity production they prefer Take responsibility over their impact on environment and be able to influence it. Each consumer should be responsible for the CO2 that is emitted in the production of electricity he/she is using and also be able to affect his/her emissions To trust that electricity tracking works and leads to no double counting. In the end of the day a consumer should know that there is just as much renewable, nuclear and fossil energy consumed in Europe as it is produced. Understand how to affect the environment with electricity purchase decisions. So not only to select the origin of electricity, but also know how to improve the environment with electricity purchase decisions.
  3. Slide 4: How do we give power to the people with Gos? Well, the mission of Gos is to enable consumers to: Choose the origin of their electricity freely and support the type of electricity production they prefer Take responsibility over their impact on environment and be able to influence it. Each consumer should be responsible for the CO2 that is emitted in the production of electricity he/she is using and also be able to affect his/her emissions To trust that electricity tracking works and leads to no double counting. In the end of the day a consumer should know that there is just as much renewable, nuclear and fossil energy consumed in Europe as it is produced. Understand how to affect the environment with electricity purchase decisions. So not only to select the origin of electricity, but also know how to improve the environment with electricity purchase decisions.