used for ram slope

1. Design, Fabrication and Testing of
Inclined Car Parking Lift Mechanism
Final Presentation
Supervisor : External Supervisor:
Asst. Prof. Dr. Ajay Kumar Jha. Mr. Dipesh Poudel
Dinesh K.C. (070BME614)
Pawan Subedi (070BME623)
Saroj Khadka (070BME637)
Dinesh Rawal (070BME649)
Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Nepal

2. 2
OVERVIEW
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Review of literature
 Methodology
 Design and calculation
 Components and mechanisms of the machine
 Result and analysis
 Costing of mechanism
 Conclusion
 Scope, limitation and recommendation

3. INTRODUCTION
Background
 Mechanical device that multiplies parking capacity inside a parking lot.
 Powered by electric motors or hydraulic pumps
 Several advantages for urban planners, business owners and vehicle
drivers
 Offer convenience for vehicle users and efficient usage of space for
urban-based companies
 Save time, money, space and simplify the often tedious task of parking
 Auto car lifts move vehicles into safe and secure storage areas
3

4. Main objective
Design, fabrication and testing of vehicle lifting mechanism for easy
movement in higher inclined surface.
Specific objectives
To design the system and calculate required dimensions for components
of model.
 To find power requirement and strength analysis (Equivalent stress,
buckling and FOS) of the mechanism.
To fabricate the model of mechanism for safe movement of vehicle up
and down the inclined ramp.
To analyze operating cost of the mechanism.
To test the mechanism with further recommendations.
4

5. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Author/book/
Date.
Topic/ Focus/ Question Findings
(Hyster et al. 2006)
Beginning of the lift system
Lift system has been
developed from the
earliest 1929.
(“Material Handling
Wholesaler”, 2009)
Progress from 1964 to present
date in lift system
An engine and drive train is
assembled for installation
into an H50F, a model built
between 1965 and 1972.
The lifting system was
engine driven.
5

6. Author/book/
Date.
Topic/ Focus/
Question
Findings
(Reno, Jesse W.
"Endless Conveyer
or Escalator,
March, 1892)
How an Escalator works,
its basic principle of
operation
Escalators are typically rise at an
angle of about 30 degrees from the
horizontal ground.
(Wichita, Kansas.
May 17, 1915)
How an Elevator works,
its basic working
principle and its basic
areas of operation
Elevators/lifts are generally
powered by electric motors that
either drive traction cables and
counterweight systems like a hoist,
or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a
cylindrical piston like a jack.
6

7. Author/book/
Date.
Topic/ Focus/ Question Findings
(IJETAE Journal, 2015)
Present parking solutions in
context of the world
Vertical Car parking lift
Automatic Car Parking
Solution and Multi-level car
parking
Knowledge of materials,
chains, sprockets, bearings,
and machining operations,
kinematic and dynamic
mechanisms to manufacture
the Vertical Car parking lift.
Different kinds of sensors
like position sensor and
pressure sensors are used to
improve the maneuvering.
These car parks need less
building volume and less
ground space and thus save
on the cost of the building.
7

8. METHODOLOGY
8

9. Phase I: Study and collection of literature and model
defining
 Review of literature
Development of concept for the mechanism
Selection of concept
Phase II: Collection of data and design
Collect data and information
Preliminary design of the mechanism
Detail design and calculation of mechanism
9

10. Phase III: Design of machine parts and simulation
CATIA V5 R17
ANSYS
Solid works 2016
Phase IV: Fabrication
Turning, taper turning and boring
Parting and grooving
Drilling and threading
Shaping and grinding
Welding
Phase V: Testing of the model and result
 Velocity of the mechanism
 Maximum equivalent stress, Deflection and Factor of safety
10

11. SELECTION OF MATERIAL
The selection of material for these components is very important as it
directly influences the strength, Performance, efficiency and expenditure of
the project.
selection was done by the help of decision matrix for these parts.
Decision Matrix for material selection of baseplate
11

12. Decision Matrix table for material selection of main shaft
From the decision matrix table mild steel holds the maximum
value so mild steel for fabrication of shaft and baseplate was
selected.
12

13. Selection of other machine components.13

14. Designed part Formula used Calculated Value Used Value
Main Shaft 𝛕 𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
16
𝜋𝑑3 (𝐾 𝑑 𝑀)2+(𝐾𝜏 𝑇)2
Diameter-15 mm 20mm(shoulder)
Ball bearing for
main shaft
𝐶10 = 𝐹 𝐷 [
𝑋 𝐷
𝑋0+(Ɵ−𝑋0)(1−𝑅)
1
𝑏
]
1
𝑎 Bore diameter-20 mm
Outer diameter-47mm
Bore Diameter-
20mm
Ball bearing for
small shaft
𝐶10 = 𝐹 𝐷 [
𝑋 𝐷
𝑋0+(Ɵ−𝑋0)(1−𝑅)
1
𝑏
]
1
𝑎 Bore diameter-15mm
Outer diameter-35mm
15mm and 35mm
Rope 750 d2 = FD Diameter-4mm 4mm
Motor power P=
2𝜋𝑁 𝑇𝑛𝑒𝑤
60
0.8 HP 1 HP
DESIGN AND CALCULATION
 The design and calculation of following components was performed:
14

15. COMPONENTS AND MECHANISMS OF THE
MACHINE
Components:
1) Base Plate
Material used : Mild Steel
Integrated : 12 x 12mm square rod
16 x16mm square rod
500 x 100 x 16 mm plate
16 x 16 mm square cantilever
Function : Platform where vehicle’s wheels rest
15

16. 2) Wheel chock
Material used : Mild Steel
Integrated : 800 x 100 x 8 mm plate
18 mm cylindrical shaft
2 radial ball bearings
Function : Resist the motion and load of the vehicle
Rotation is controlled by the controller circuit
3) Pulley with twisted metallic rope
Wire Material : Steel
Wire Diameter – 4mm
 Pulley Diameter- 40mm
Material of Pulley – Mild Steel
Function : Pulley provides guide to the rope
Rope is Winded between the grooves.
To pull the mechanism up and down the ramp.16

17. 4) Shaft support
 Material used : Mild Steel
 Manufactured from 20 mm thickness plate
cutting the plate into desired shape using
gas cutter.
 Function: It provides fixed support to the shaft and it holds the bearing.
5) Support wheel
 Material : Malleable steel
 V Groove wheel with bearing , Bolt & Nut
 Radial load capacity: 1000 kgf
 Yield strength: 159-221 Mpa
 Compressive strength: 234-372Mpa
 Function: wheel moves along the angled track in the ramp.17

18. 4) Main Transmission Shaft
Material used : Mild Steel
Integrated : Pulley, Sprocket, Pillow block
bearing
Dimensions : 24mm diameter.
Functions : Power transmission of the
mechanism from chain to the baseplate.
5) Wheel chock motor
Rating : 24 volt
Rated Torque : 29 Nm at 12.5 volt
Output Rpm: 12
Weight : 2kg (approx.)
Mounted with M6 bolt in baseplate.
18

19. 7) Smart Phone control of wheel chock
 220V input in circuit.
 Arduino used as the controller
 programmed in C programming
Figure: Block diagram of wheel choke control
19

20. 5) Bearings:
 UCP204-20MM pillow bearing is used at
the main shaft.
 Bore size 15 mm and outer diameter
24mm radial ball bearing is used for the
smaller shaft.
6)Motor and gearbox:
 1 HP motor is used coupled to
1:30 reduction gearbox.
 Input RPM =1440 rpm
 Output RPM: 48rpm
20

21. 6) Chain and Sprocket
 Outer Diameter- 3inch (76.2mm)
 Number of teeth – 15
 Center to center distance : 800mm
 Chain type: Heavy duty 428 H Motor bike
Power transmission:
 The power for the mechanism is provided
from the 1HP Motor.
 The Motor is coupled to gearbox from
which power is transmitted to shaft
through chain and sprocket
21

22. Working principle of the machine
22

23.  While moving down, the front wheel rests on the base plate and is
supported by the wheel chock.
 while the vehicle is moving up, the rear wheel rests on the base plate .
 It is non-automated machine.
 Motor provides the input rotary motion which is transmitted to the
shaft via chain and sprocket.
 While the shaft rotates, the rope is winded around pulley as result the
base-plate moves linearly along the plane at a specified velocity.
 Wheel chock is controlled via 24V DC motor which is directed by
control circuit.
 The self-locking property of the worm gear prevents the slipping of
chock while the vehicle rests on it.
Working of machine23

24. RESULT AND ANALYSIS
1) Determination of strength of system components
Simulation of base plate
24

25. Simulation of wheel chock
Simulation of shaft support
25

26. Simulation of cantilever bar
Simulation of main shaft
26

27. The data obtained from simulation are tabulated
Elements
(Material:
Structural
steel)
Total
Deformation(mm)
Equivalent stress (MPa) Factor of safety
Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min.
Shaft 0.39 0.17 168.7 74.9 15 1.48
Wheel
choker
0.004 0.002 2.7 1.2 15 15
Shaft holder 0.04 0.02 65.2 28.9 15 3.83
Base plate 1.3 0.5 66.1 29.3 15 3.78
Extension
Cantilever
bar
0.91 0.45 208.9 92.8 15 1.2
27

28. Effect of Weight on Tension
28

29. Time taken while moving up and down the ramp
S.N. Weight (kg) Average upward time (s) Average downward time (s)
1. 0 12.37 12.24
2. 52 12.78 12.34
3. 70 12.82 12.39
4. 76 12.86 12.45
5. 122 12.95 12.74
6. 197 13.6 12.9
7. 251 13.8 13
29

30. Fig:- Effect of payload on upward time Fig:- Effect of payload on downward time
30

31. Effect of payload on velocity
S.N. Weight (kg) Average upward Velocity (m/s) Average downward Velocity (m/s)
1. 0 0.1293 0.1307
2. 52 0.1252 0.1296
3. 70 0.1248 0.1299
4. 76 0.1244 0.1291
5. 122 0.1236 0.1256
6. 197 0.1176 0.1240
7. 251 0.1159 0.1231
31

32. Fig:- Effect of payload on upward velocity Fig:- Effect of payload on downward velocity32

33. COSTING OF MECHANISM
S.N. Description Amount (NPR)
1. Direct Material Cost 46066
2. Indirect Material Cost 10020
Total 56086
33

34. Operating cost analysis
S.N. Options Operating cost (NPR/hr)
1. Using mechanism 7.46
2. Using fuel of vehicle 4.68
For the constant velocity, operating cost for both options are calculated
as follows:
34

35. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION
 Must be properly checked at regular intervals
 Proper lubrication
 Protection of electronics part
 Replacement of wheel, chain and gear if required
35

36. CONCLUSION
 Hence, As per our objective we were able to design the system and
calculate required dimensions for components of model.
 From the result of simulation it was found that the cantilever bar used
for power transmission carries the minimum FOS of 1.2 and with
maximum equivalent stress of 208.9 MPa
 After testing, it is found that the mechanism travel the slope at the
rate of 0.129 m/s while moving upward and at the rate of 0.130 m/s
while moving downward without any payload
 Mechanism could lift 251 kg with decrease in velocity of 0.015 m/s
 Operating cost of the mechanism was calculated as NPR 7.6/hr
 Further study and analysis is required to obtain the better
performance.36

37. SCOPE
 Project about inclined parking lift mechanism, is totally new to the
country. So success of the mechanism can lead towards manufacturing
and commercializing the design in near future.
 Designed Mechanism can help to increase the usable volume reducing
the space for parking.
 Designed mechanism can reduce the emission of different pollutants in
the parking basement.
 Designed mechanism can be better project in sector of basement parking
lift system since this can be used in different slopes.
 Designed mechanism can be modified to carry the goods as well as the
wheel chaired person.37

38. LIMITATIONS
 Due to lack of precise measuring instruments, experimental value of
tension and stress in different components are unknown.
 Due to friction between track and wheel, unnecessary sound may be
produced.
 During power failure, the mechanism can’t be operated manually. Other
alternative power sources should be supplied.
 Proper safety mechanism has not been added in the model.
 The system is not automated.
38

39. RECOMMENDATIONS
Mechanism can be automated by using limit switch
Maintenance in regular interval to get maximum output
Proper lubrication
Use of metallic worm gear instead of plastic worm gear
Proper insulation to reduce sound
39

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40

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accessed 10 March 2017.41

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THANK YOU !!!