Презентация доклада в рамках Санкт-Петербургского Международного Форума по фармацевтике и биотехнологиям IPhEB "Фармцевтическое образование Индии"

1. PHARMACY EDUCATION IN INDIA
Dr.M.Venkata Reddy, M.Pharm., Ph.D
Member, Pharmacy Council of India
Advisor, Natco Pharma Ltd
HYDERABAD, INDIA
IPhEB – St.Petersburg, Russia., 27-04-2011

2. • INDIA is the largest
country in South Asia
• Second most populous
country in the world
with a population of 1.2
billion
• 28 States and 7 union
territories

3. Education in India
• Education is on the concurrent list of the
Central and State Governments
• Both Central and State Governments can bring
laws & frame policies on education
• While every State has its own Secondary
Education Board and is responsible for setting
up state Universities and Colleges and
maintaining them
• Central Government acts as coordinator and
help to maintain uniform standard of education
in the country

4. Pharmacy in India –
--- Academic Perspective

5. Present levels of Pharmacy Education in India
D.Pharm
2 Years
B.Pharm
4 Years
Pharm.D
6 Years Profession
M.Pharm
2 Years
Ph.D
Present registrable qualifications under the Pharmacy Act 1948
: Pharm D., B. Pharm, D. Pharm (minimum qualification)
Source : PCI

6. Pharmacy Courses
S.No Course of Study Degree Duration
1 Diploma in Pharmacy D.Pharm 2 yrs didactic, 500 hrs(3months)
Practical Training
2 Bachelor of Pharmacy B.Pharm 4 yrs Institutional
3 Master of Pharmacy M.Pharm 2yrs Institutional
4 Master of Science M.S(Pharm) 2 yrs Institutional
5 Master of Technology M.Tech 2yrs Institutional
in Pharmacy (Pharm)
6 Doctor of Pharmacy Pharm D 5 yrs Institutional & 1 yr
hospital training
7 Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D 2 yrs Institutional & 1 yr
in Pharmacy hospital training

7. Admission / Eligibility criteria for
different courses
Course Eligibility
D.Pharm Higher Secondary after 12 yrs Schooling
Separate common Entrance test in some States
B.Pharm Higher Secondary & Merit list of various Entrance
examinations prescribed
M.Pharm B.Pharm and Merit list of prescribed Entrance
exam
Pharm D Higher Secondary and Merit in prescribed
Entrance exam
B.Pham graduates can seek admission directy to 4th
yr of 6 yr course

8. PHARMACY INSTITUTIONS
(Pre-independence period)
• Modern Pharmacy Education started in 1937 at
Banares Hindu University
• Andhra University 1937
• Madras University 1938
• Bombay University 1943
• Punjab University 1944
• LM College of Pharmacy 1947
Source : PCI

9. Growth of Pharmacy Institutions
(Degree in Pharmacy)
1945-1960 : 7 institutions
1960-1970 : 34 institutions
1970-1990 : 232 institutions
1990-2000 : 290 institutions
2000-2005 : 312 institutions
2006-2010 : 1083 institutions

10. D.Pharm B.Pharm M.Pharm Pharm.D
S.No. State (Post Bacc)
PCI PCI AICTE AICTE PCI PCI
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 58 66 270 54 23 7
2 ASSAM 3 1 2 1 0 0
3 BIHAR 2 1 5 1 0 0
4 CHANDIGARH 2 1 1 1 0 0
5 CHATTISGARH 12 6 12 4 0 0
6 DELHI 8 5 6 2 0 0
7 GOA 1 1 2 1 0 0
8 GUJARAT 13 21 89 22 1 0
9 HARYANA 17 13 37 7 0 0
10 HIMACHAL PRADESH 3 0 12 0 0 0
11 JHARKHAND 3 1 1 1 0 0
12 JAMMU & KASHMIR 1 0 1 0 0 0
13 KARNATAKA 95 68 75 40 19 11
14 KERALA 23 25 31 9 6 2
15 MADHYA PRADESH 31 31 101 35 1 0
16 MAHARASTRA 152 70 141 49 2 1
17 MANIPUR 1 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 1 1 1 0 0 0
19 ORISSA 34 14 17 13 0 0
20 PONDICHERRY 0 1 1 1 0 0
21 PUNJAB 33 19 38 10 1 0
22 RAJASTHAN 27 21 50 7 0 0
23 SIKKIM 1 1 1 1 0 0
24 TAMILNADU 42 41 43 25 15 9
25 TRIPURA 1 1 1 0 0 0
26 UTTAR PRADESH 18 36 115 19 0 0
27 UTTARAKHAND 15 6 18 1 0 0
28 WEST BENGAL 10 11 12 3 0 0
Total No. of 607 462 1083 307 68 30
Source : Colleges
TOTAL 36420 27720 62797 8013 2040 300
PCI & AICTE INTAKE

11. STUDENTS OUT PUT
Nearly 9,000 M. Pharm
65,000 B. Pharm
36,000 D. Pharm
2040 Pharm. D
300 Pharm D. (P.B)

12. Pharmacy Education –Role of Regulatory
Bodies
Pharmacy Education is regulated by THREE
Regulatory Bodies
• Pharmacy Council of India - PCI
• All India Council for Technical Education –
AICTE
• Universities

13. LEGISLATIVE CHANGES (Proposed)
PHARMACY COUNCIL OF INDIA

14. STATUTORY REGULATION OF
PHARMACY INSTITUTIONS
Pharmacy Council of India The statutory
regulation of pharmacy institutions in the country was
established with the enactment of the Pharmacy Act,
1948 on 04.03.1948
The Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) was established
on 09.03.1949, under the Pharmacy Act 1948. PCI
frames education regulations under section 10 of the
Act.
Education Regulations E.R-1953, E.R-1973,
E.R-1981, E.R-1991

15. Pharmacy Education – Role of
Regulatory Bodies
• All India Council of Technical Education
(AICTE) under AICTE Act 1987 regulates
D.Pharm, B.Pharm and M.Pharm courses
• Accreditation of facilities by Nation Board of
Accreditation ( NBA ) for Quality Assurance
of Study programme

16. Universities
• India has 427 universities, some single campus, most
with many affiliated / autonomous colleges.
• The nodal accrediting body is the University Grants
Commission(UGC)
• All accredited universities are members of the
Association of Indian Universities (AIU)
• Deemed Universities –Institutions of excellence which
have been granted degree granting authority eg: IIT,
IIM

17. D.PHARM CURRICULUM
• Topics lost relevance as extemporaneous
dispensing is largely replaced by Ready to
use dosage forms
• Remained only as a formal qualification
for registration

18. B.PHARM CURRICULUM
• Though industry and product orient most institutions are
far removed from Industry and lack interaction
• No uniformity in Syllabus and content across the
Universities
• Course content is a mix of Basic Sciences-Mathematics,
Physical Chemistry, Inorganic & Organic Chemistry,
Physiology and Microbiology
Advanced Topics: Bio-Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry and
Analytical Chemistry and Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences
(Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Engineering,
Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy law,
Biotechnology)

19. CURRICULUM
Syllabus is more Industry oriented and mainly designed
to cater the needs of the Pharma Industry and successful
in developing the Indian Pharma industry.
Source : PCI

20. STUDENT PERSPECTIVE
Due to lucrative jobs offered by the industry and
growth of the Pharma Industry as innovative
Industry, Pharmacy has become course of
choice in recent years
Source : IPA-Ed

21. Post Graduate specilizations (M.Pharm)
• Pharmaceutics
• Pharmaceutical Chemistry
• Pharmacology
• Pharmaceutical Analysis
• Pharmacognosy & Phytochemisty
• Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
• Pharmacy practices
• Hospital Pharmacy
• Indusrial Pharmacy
• PharmacyRegulatory Affairs
• Quality Assurance

22. Industry Centered Curriculum
• Pharmacy education in India for the past
several decades has been industry centered. It
does not meet the requirements of patient care
& Pharmacy practice
• WHO & the Common Wealth Pharmaceutical
Association have highlighted the need for
graduate level education followed by one year
practical training before one is capable of
affectively performing the role of a pharmacist

23. INDUSTRIAL SCENARIO
Import dependent industry till 1950
Started with 10 crore only and progressed fast. From
1991 important supplier of low-cost high utility generic
drugs in the global market.
4.2 mn employment in more than 20,000 units
Leading 250 companies control 70% of market
Exports to more than 200 countries
Patent law ( 2005 ) changed –destination for pharma
research and development

24. INDUSTRIAL SCENARIO
Present position in globe is
- 3rd by volume (9.5%)
- 13th by value (1.8%)
Over 23,000 units 260 organized sectors
6,000 to 8,000 small scale sectors with 60,000 formulations
Turn over in 2009-10 is $ 21.3 bn
Exports growing at CAGR of 22.9% and Domestic at 9%

25. INDUSTRIAL SCENARIO
India has highest number of USFDA approved
manufacturing plants outside USA (>135)
(setting up of USFDA approved plant is 30%
cheaper in India)

26. IDPL-THE PHARMA CONNECT
between RUSSIA and INDIA
• Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd (IDPL) a
public sector undertaking was set up in Hyderabad
with generous help and Technical co-operation of
RUSSIAN Government, in 1961
• Giving shape to the vision of Late Jawaharlal
Nehru, the First Prime Minister of India, to make
most of the essential drugs available to the public
at affordable prices

27. Acknowledgement to Russian Pharma
experts
• This State of art plant at Hyderabad had been
the spawning ground for bulk drug Industry in
and around the city of Hyderabad, making it the
Bulk Drug Capital of India
• Many of the Industry experts fondly recall their
early training at IDPL and always great fully
acknowledge the contribution by RUSSIAN
experts

28. RESEARCH
• The 2nd millennium saw a spurt of research
activity in many large Pharmaceutical
Houses and sponsored Research in
Universities in the post GATT era
• Research publications saw a sharp rise by
80% during 2000-2007

29. Top 10 performers based on publications
S.No Name of the Institute Publications
1 H.G University, Sagar 860
2 Jamia Hamdard, Delhi 791
3 Punjab University, Chandigarh 788
4 MCOPS, Manipal 568
5 M.S.University, Baroda 501
6 Jadavpur University, Kolkata 497
7 LMCP, Ahmedabad 465
8 Kakatiya University, Warangal 379
9 Poona COP, Pune 377
10 Bombay COP, Mumbai 359

30. FAVOURABLE FACTORS
Vast technical pool & skilled man power
Well established state-of-art manufacturing plants
Low cost factor & ability to retain cost age
High-level of competence and expertise
Introduction of advanced technology by MNCs
Assured compliance with global norms

31. By 2012 nearly US$ 80 billion worth of patent-
protected drugs to go off patent (inc 30 of the
best selling US patent-protected drugs) :
Indian companies are positioning themselves to
tap the generic versions of these drugs with its
reverse engineering skills and relatively low cost
structure
(Generics - $ 11 bn - expected $ 50 bn by 2012)

32. Pharma Industry oriented training
• In view of rapid growth of export oriented
Pharma Industry, there is a great need for
graduates and post graduates in Pharmacy
with good professional orientation
• To fill the gap between academic courses and
Industries needs, we have started Hitech-
Institute to conduct a Bridge Course in
association with Natco Pharma involving
lectures on various industry oriented topics

33. Pharma Industry oriented training
• GMP, GLP, Process and Product
development, regulatory affairs etc., by
Industry and Regulatory experts, followed
by visit to various manufacturing units
• So far we have conducted 40 batches with
an average 40 students per batch. More
than 90% trainees got immediate
employment in the Industry
• We wish to extent this facility to overseas
students also in the near future

34. Quality in Pharmacy Education
• Pharmacy Council of India constituted a
multisectoral co-ordination mechanism
called National Task force for quality
assurance in Pharmacy Education,
primarily an accreditation body, but
advises and guides to facilitate achieving
high quality

35. Community Pharmacy in India
Business per anum – 36,000 crores
Apollo, Hetero, Med Plus, --- in south
Medicine Shoppe, Reliance --- in west
& recently : Zydu’s - Dial for health, Ranbaxy’s - Fortis
Lifeken, Trust, Pill & Powder, Med plus,
Religere, Life sping, Planet Health, Tulsi etc.,
entered as pharma chains & successful by providing
the quality of services to the consumers
(customers are more health conscious now and demanding
better value added services)

36. NIPER CENTRES IN INDIA
• NIPER’s thrust to pharma education
• Hyderabad
• Ahmedabad
• Raebareli
• Hajipur
• Kolkata
• Guwahati

37. NIPER - Objectives
• Enhancement of creativity, motivation,
drive and inculcate professionalism
• To bring synergy between academic, R&D,
technology and industry through training
and exposure for such environment.
• To Bridge collaborations between
Pharmacy, Biotechnology, information
technologies and prepare for meeting
global challenges.

38. Global Harmonization
Harmonization of Pharmacy Education
to include developments in basic medical
and Pharmaceutical Sciences at a global
level will make qualified Pharmacists
more responsive to the needs and
expectations of the Society

39. Pharm D Programme in INDIA
( Doctor in Pharmacy )

40. PHARM D (Doctor in Pharmacy - 6 yrs)
Aim : To equip the future Pharmacist of India
with skills of not only dispensing
medicines but also to serve as counselor
of medicines with focus towards the
Patients and Prescriber of Drugs
Objective : Knowledge and understanding
Skills, Attitude

41. Pharm D Programme
• The course was introduced in 2008
• 6 yrs Pharm D course after Higher Secondary
or D Pharm
• 3 yrs Pharm D (post-Baccalaureate) course for
B.Pharm graduates
• Focuses on Clinical & Community aspects
• Practical training only at Practice sites
• 5 yrs of study and 1 yr residency at Practice site
viz. 6 months in General Medicine Department
followed by 2 months each in 3 other specialties

42. Pharm D Colleges in India
• 67 private Institutes and one Government
University are offering Pharm. D with intake of
30 students each
• Total seats in Pharm D course are 1410
• 20 of the above provide limited seats for lateral
entry into 4th year as post baccalaureate Pharm.
D (Total seats 200)

43. Course Content
Pharm D- 5 yrs study (Th.+Pr.) One yr. Internship/residency
Pharm D (B) - 2 yrs study (Th.+Pr.)
Clinical Pharmacy Service in
Emphasis on wards and ward rounds under
preceptor
• Community Pharmacy
• 6 months–general medicine
• Clinical Toxicology • 6 months – 2 months each in
• Pharmacotherapeutics any three specialty depts..
• Clinical Research etc. (surgery, orthopedics etc.)
Committee to supervise training
Representatives of
Certificate of passing • college
• university
• hospital
Registration by State Pharmacy Council

44. Mode of training
Ward Patient
Pharmacy medication
rounds
counseling

45. Pharm D. students in ward rounds – JSSCP, Ooty

46. Pharm D. students in patient counseling – SRMC, Chennai

47. Pharm D. students in interaction with hospital doctors in a patient
counseling – SRMC, Chennai

48. MAJOR PROPOSED AMENDMENTS
• Regulation of Pharmacy education and profession at
all levels (B. Pharm, Pharm D., M. Pharm) by PCI only
• Minimum qualification for registration to be upgraded
from Diploma to Degree
• Up gradation of qualification of practicing pharmacists
by introducing pharmacy practice regulations
(Bridge course)

49. EDUCATION
INDUSTRY PRACTICE
R&D VISION-2020 CRO
EXPORTS
& REGULATORY
IPR &
WRITING
HERBAL

50. Welcome to
71st International Congress
3-8, Sept 2011, Hyderabad
www.fip.org

51. Welcome to
63rd IPC – 2011, Bangalore
16th ,17th, 18th December 2011, Venue: B I E C

52. THANK YOU

53. Contact address:
Prof. M.Venkata Reddy
Director ,
Shree Dattha College of Pharmacy,
Sheriguda, Ibrahimpatnam, RR Dist.,
Andhra Pradesh, INDIA
E-mail: venkat_manda 60@yahoo.com