Psychological Approach in Frankenstein

1. Psychological Approach in Frankenstein By Mary Shelley
Psychological
Approach
In
Frankenstein
By Mary Shelley

2. ●Name :- Dharti Makwana
●Batch :- 2019- 2021
●Semester :- M.A. sem - 2
●Enrollment No. :- 2069108420200024
●Email :- dharteemakwana789@gmail.com
●Paper No. :- Romantic Literature
●Topic :-psychological Approach in Frankenstein
●Submitted :- Smt. S.B.Gardi Department of
English M.K.Bhvnagar University

3. 💠 What is Psychological Approach ?
➢ Model of critical enquiry of cultural texts related to
the human psyche.
➢ Importance of language, symbol, images and their
meaning and various characteristics and stages of
the human(psychological) condition.

4. Psychologist : Sigmund Freud..
➢ Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was
founding Father Of Psychoanalysis
➢ Method for teaching explains human
behavior
➢ Structural model of the mind
comprisins the entities Id, Ego,
Superego.
➢ Used the analogy of an Iceberg to
describe the three levels of the mind
1. Conscious
2. Precocious
3. Unconscious

5. . Freud’s Theory of Id, Ego and Superego.
Id
Ego
Superego
➢ Victor's desire to create human being (Monster).
➢ Beauty of dream vanished by creation of Monster
with ugliness.
➢ Victor insures moral standards and regret for his
creation of Monster not social acceptance.

6. He hasn't beauty because of he receives hatred from the
world, despising his monstrous form and unable to accept
his appearance.
Monster learns by observation, cannot reach his full
intellectual potential as he is unable to have a job, gain
access to public areas, library or attended University.
The Monster manages to survive with stream water, warm with
the fire, sleep inside a hovel and Educate himself to observe De
Lacy family and for love he demanded soul companion.
He cannot focus on meeting his esteem needs without
family, acceptance or companionship because without
social status, achievement and respect cannot be reached.
Maslow's pyramid compare with Monster
The Monster begins worry about obtaining water,food,shelter
and warth. He cannot Progress to focusing on meeting his safety
needs protection from-snow,harsh weather.

7. 🔶Oedipal Complex in Frankenstein:
➢ Father's Absolute prohibition on the child's desire for the
mother.
➢ Mother as a submissive woman rivalry between the Father
and Son.
➢ In the novel Elizabeth is submissive woman who become
died in between father and son.
➢ Victor's dreams about kissing
his mother and unconscious
desire to sleep with his dead
mother.

8. 🔺Relation Between the Text and the Author's ………..
…...unconscious desire:-
➢ Lord Byron's challenge to write a ghost story.
➢ Monster and Victor did not fit with public like Mary Shelley.
➢ Her mother died like Victor's mother died while giving birth to
him.
➢ Shelley's son William is connected with the Victor's young
brother.
➢ Shelley compares herself with the Monster.
“I am alone and miserable: man
will not associate with me; but one
as deformed and horrible as myself
would not deny herself to me. My
companion must be of the same
species and have the same defects.
This being you must create (Shelley
137).”

9. ➢ Victor's father take care of his like Mary's father take care
of her after death of her mother.
➢ She has a two step sister as in novel Victor's family
adopted Elizabeth Lavenza and Justine Moritz.
➢ Mary's hatred and extremely anger towards her
stepmother also comes in character of Monster, his anger
towards Victor.

10. .Conclusion.
➢ Freudian reading of the novel is express
subconscious mind is the darkest aspect.
➢ Frankenstein novel that finds itself a victim of
Psychoanalytical Criticism.
➢ Monster and Victor both have a different
subconscious desires

11. References
❏ https://www.shmoop.com/study-guides/literary-schools-of-theory/p
sychoanalysis/frankenstein-analysis
❏ https://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-literature/mary-shelleys
-life-reflected-in-frankenstein-english-literature-essay.php
❏ http://lbaird.mtaspiring.edutronic.net/frankenstein-motivation-heir
archy/