How to make dirty rivers, lakes and seas clean and fresh
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Our world's rivers, lakes, canals and reservoirs can be so polluted that life is destroyed in many countries. A new, simply brillient method to address this problem is now available using safe technology and best practice. This Invention is cool!
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How to make dirty rivers, lakes and seas clean and fresh
- 1. Nualgi, a revolutionary solution for cleaning polluted water bodies 4/25/2013 1info@nanolandglobal.com Dr. Didier Kane didier.kane@nanolandglobal.com Mr Dermott Reilly dermott.reilly@nanolandglobal.com +44 20 3287 9234
- 2. AgriculturalAgricultural && Farm RunoffFarm Runoff Urban WasteUrban Waste WaterWater SedimentSediment RefluxReflux NLGD K Rain Spill NL G Eutrophication Our lakes and rivers are organically pollutedOur lakes and rivers are organically polluted by many sources of human activityby many sources of human activity 4/25/2013 2info@nanolandglobal.com
- 3. Disturbing facts about water pollution • Water pollution is one of the biggest global killers, affecting over 100 million people. That’s comparable to global diseases like malaria and HIV. • Approximately 46% of the lakes in America are too polluted for fishing, aquatic life, or swimming. • The Mississippi River carries an estimated 1.5 million metric tons of nitrogen and 0.5 million metric tons of phosphorus pollution into the Gulf of Mexico each year, creating a “dead zone” in the Gulf each summer about the size of New Jersey. • Each year 1.2 trillion gallons of sewage, storm water, and industrial waste are dumped into U.S. water. • Every day, 2 million tons of human waste are disposed of in water courses. Source: EPA, WWAP, BlackSmith Institute 4/25/2013 3info@nanolandglobal.com
- 4. What do pollutants do to our lakes? Cyanobacteria algae decay 2 1 3 Bacteria Deplete Oxygen 4 Fish die by lack of oxygen 5 Dead fish creates more cytobacterial algal bloom 6 nualgi@nanolandglobal.com nualgi@nanolandglobal.com 4/25/2013 4info@nanolandglobal.com
- 5. The vicious circle of eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Short-lived cyanobacteria decays Short-lived cyanobacteria decays Organic decay consumes oxygen Organic decay consumes oxygen Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth N & P sediment and remain present in lake N & P sediment and remain present in lake 4/25/2013 5info@nanolandglobal.com
- 6. Preventing eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Short-lived cyanobacteria decays Organic decay consumes oxygen Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth N & P sediment and remain present in lake XXBMP - Best Management Practices Nutrient removal from sewage 4/25/2013 6info@nanolandglobal.com
- 7. Reversing eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Short-lived cyanobacteria decays Organic decay consumes oxygen Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth N& P sediment and remain present in lake Phosphorus Inactivation using Alum Dilution and Flushing P and N absorption by diatom algae XX 4/25/2013 7info@nanolandglobal.com
- 8. Reversing eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Short-lived cyanobacteria decays Organic decay consumes oxygen Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth N & P sediment and remain present in lake Diatoms are consumed by fish and do not require harvesting Algaecides XX 4/25/2013 8info@nanolandglobal.com Algae Harvesting
- 9. Reversing eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Short-lived cyanobacteria decays Organic decay consumes oxygen Organic decay consumes oxygen Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth N& P sediment and remain present in lake Oxygen release by diatom algae (photosynthesis) Hypolimnetic oxygenation Artificial circulation (aeration) XX 4/25/2013 9info@nanolandglobal.com
- 10. Reversing eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Short-lived cyanobacteria decays Organic decay consumes oxygen Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth N & P sediment and remain present in lake Populate lake with Hypoxia-tolerant fish XX 4/25/2013 10info@nanolandglobal.com Diatoms help native fish survive
- 11. Reversing eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from wastewater, fertilizers, etc, Exponential growth of cyanobacteria Short-lived cyanobacteria decays Organic decay consumes oxygen Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth N & P sediment and remain present in lake Dredging Consumption of organic sediments by diatom algae XX 4/25/2013 11info@nanolandglobal.com
- 12. Restoration method Ease of use effectiveness Environmental impact Initial cost Maintenance cost Overall score Bio-acceleration (diatom algae) Phosphorus Inactivation (Alum) Flushing (Nutrients dilution) Algae harvesting Algaecides Hypolimnetic oxygenation Aeration Bio-manipulation Dredging Restoration methods comparison 4/25/2013 12info@nanolandglobal.com
- 13. Most effective Restoration method: Bio-acceleration What are diatoms ? • Diatoms are photosynthesizing algae • They come in many different shapes • They are commonly between 20-200 microns in diameter or length • The cell wall is composed, for the most part, of silica (SiO2) N + P+ 4/25/2013 13info@nanolandglobal.com
- 14. Bio-restoration: the most effective way to clean a lake Cyanobacteria Algae dies by lack of nutrients 2 1 4 Diatoms provide oxygen to aerobic bacteria 5 7 nualgi@nanolandglobal.com Aerobic bacteria breakdown nutrients and organic matters aerobic bacteria transform nutrients into zooplankton Fish feed on zooplankton 83 Brokendown nutrients are consumed by diatoms 6 Zooplankton consume diatoms 4/25/2013 14info@nanolandglobal.com
- 15. Most effective way to grow diatoms + Diatom Silica Iron Manganese Zinc Other minerals + Necessary nutrients (*) Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium Excess nutrients + Nature Sunlight Water CO2 = = X + (*) NUALGI provides all these nutrients 4/25/2013 15info@nanolandglobal.com
- 16. How to provide the right amount of nutrients ? • Nutrient uptake kinetics for photosynthetic algae, including diatoms is a function of numerous variables (e.g., amount of sunlight, concentration in P and N, temperature, etc.) • The cell wall of diatoms is constructed by silica deposition vesicles (SDV) with membranes called silicalemmas. • Without the proper amount, size and geometry of silicate, diatom cells cannot divide, and its capacity to perform energy producing processes (photosynthesis and glycolysis) are diminished • The already very small (micron-scale) diatoms have tiny portules and chloroplasts in their cell walls where micronutrients are absorbed and photosynthesis takes place. • Nutrients have to be available in nanoscale geometries to be easily absorbed through these portules. 4/25/2013 16info@nanolandglobal.com
- 17. A revolutionary nanotechnology-based solution !! • Scientists at Nualgi Nanobiotech have developed a revolutionary solution for diatom regeneration : NUALGI • This patented technology, based on the latest nanotechnology manufacturing methods and years of algal micro-nutrition research, provides an optimum blend of micronutrients on a nano-silica base. • The incredibly effective NUALGI provides 10 micro-nutrients with an optimum concentration ratio and nano-size distribution to accelerate diatom regeneration 4/25/2013 17info@nanolandglobal.com
- 18. An extraordinarily effective solution : NUALGI Initial state before NUALGI One week after NUALGI application Invasive cyanobacteria (Blue-Green Algae or BGA) throughout water column Increasing diatom population on lake bottom, providing Oxygen to aerobic bacteria Cleaned water throughout water column Decreasing BGA population localized near the surface 4/25/2013 18info@nanolandglobal.com
- 19. Before Nualgi treatment After Nualgi treatment In 6-8 hours, DO increased to 2- 2.5 mg /l and in 4 days DO shot up to 5-10 mg/l. Example of Nualgi use: Vengayankere lake in Bangalore, India 4/25/2013 19info@nanolandglobal.com
- 20. Some projects where NUALGI has restored lakes • Madivala Lake, Koramangala, Bangalore, India • Croton-on-Hudson duck-pond, New York, USA • Ulsoor lake and Puttenahalli lake, India Some projects where NUALGI is being evaluated • Lagoon clams farming project in Micronesia • Newport harbor, California, USA 4/25/2013 20info@nanolandglobal.com
- 21. AgriculturalAgricultural && Farm RunoffFarm Runoff Urban WasteUrban Waste WaterWater SedimentSediment RefluxReflux DK DK D K Rain Spill DK With NUALGI Our lakes and rivers are polluted by manyOur lakes and rivers are polluted by many sources of human activitysources of human activity DK 4/25/2013 21info@nanolandglobal.com
- 22. Other advantages of using NUALGI • The most eco-friendly restoration method • Low cost (after initial treatment of 1 liter per acre per week for 2 weeks, a half liter per acre per week for 4 to 6 weeks is usually enough • NUALGI can be used in a broad variety of applications: • Fish farming • Sewage treatment • Lakes and streams restoration • Aquariums • Biodiesel • Agriculture and horticulture (in spray form) 4/25/2013 22info@nanolandglobal.com
- 23. Thanks to nanotechnology combined with algal nutrition science, the future of water bodies restoration is now. Please contact us for more information or to setup a trial of NUALGI info@nanolandglobal.com +44 20 3287 9234 7 Bath Place LONDON EC2A3DR UK 4/25/2013 23info@nanolandglobal.com