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DEEP LEARNING JP
[DL Papers]
http://deeplearning.jp/
“Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for
Semantic Image Segmentation”
土居健人, 航空宇宙工学科岩崎研
書誌情報
• 著者
– Googleの研究グループ
– 主著のChen氏はDeepLab, Mobile Netの発案者
• 発表日 2018/02/07
– 現時点でのSemantic Segmentationタスクのstate of the art
• 選定理由
– DeepLab系の論文をまとめる良い機会.
– atrous (dilated) convolutionが他のタスクでも使えそう.
2
発表の流れ
• DeepLab系のネットワークまとめ
– DeepLab v1 & v2
• atrous convolution
• atrous spatial pyramid pooling
– DeepLab v3
• cascade and parallel of atrous convolution
– DeepLab v3+
• effective decoder module
• Xception model
• depthwise convolution
3
DeepLab v1,2
• “DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets,
Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs”
• v1, v2の違いはベースのアーキテクチャの違い(VGGとResNet)
• この論文のポイントは以下の3つ
– atrous convolution
– atrous spatial pyramid pooling
– CRFによる後処理
4
この2つについて話します
Atrous Convolution
• dilated convolutionとも呼ばれる
• 畳み込み演算を離れたピクセルの値で行う
– 特徴マップを縮小せず受容野を拡大
5“DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully
Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP)
• Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP)からの
着想
• SPPとは
– 一つの特徴マップにいくつかのスケール
のPoolingをかける
– 任意のサイズの特徴マップを決まった大
きさのベクトルに変形
 Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling
(ASPP)はこれをatrous convolutionで
行う
6
“Spatial Pyramid Pooling in Deep Convolutional Networks for Visual Recognition”, K. He et al.
2014
Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP)
• 異なるatrous convolutionを特徴
マップに適用
• 右図では赤いピクセルの特徴量を
計算
• ASSPをした後の特徴マップのサイ
ズは任意に設定可能
7
“DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully
Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
DeepLab v1のアーキテクチャ
• VGG16の全結合層をatrous convolution, ASPP, 1x1 convで置き換え
8
“DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully
Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
DeepLab v3
• “Rethinking Atrous Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation”
• DeepLab v1, v2との差分
– atrous convolution in cascade (直列)
– atrous convolution in paralell (並列)
• タイトルにもある通り,atrous convolutionを再考し発展させた
9
atrous convolutionの直列, 並列化
• ResNetをさらに深くしていき,stride=2のconcolutionの代わりにatrous
convolutionを重ねた
• この時,atrous convolutionは異なるdilated rateのを並列した 10
L.-C. Chen et al. “Re- thinking atrous convolution for semantic image segmentation.” arXiv:1706.05587, 2017.
DeepLab v3+
• “Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image
Segmentation”
• DeepLabv3+からの差分
– Decoder部分の構造を改良した
• これまではbilinearでupsamplingしていた
– Xceptionネットワークの構造を取り入れた
11
Decoderの改良
• Low-Level featureの活用
12
Xceptionモデルの活用
• encoderをXceptionNetに変更
• 空間方向とチャネル方向でconvolutionを分けている
• stride2のpoolingをdepth-wise convolutionに変更 13
実験結果まとめ
• pascal voc 2012 test setの実験結果
14
“DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution,
and Fully Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
まとめ
• DeepLab v1, 2
– atrous convolution
– atrous spatial pyramid pooling
• DeepLab v3
– atrous convolution in cascade
– atrous convolution in parallel
• DeepLab v3+
– decoder部分でlow-level featureの活用
– Xceptionをencoderとして活用
15
参考文献
• “Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image
Segmentation”, L. Chen et al. 2018
• “DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets,
Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
• “Spatial Pyramid Pooling in Deep Convolutional Networks for Visual
Recognition”, K. He et al. 2014
• F. Chollet. Xception: Deep learning with depthwise separable convolutions.
In CVPR, 2017.
16

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[DL輪読会]Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation

  • 1. 1 DEEP LEARNING JP [DL Papers] http://deeplearning.jp/ “Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation” 土居健人, 航空宇宙工学科岩崎研
  • 2. 書誌情報 • 著者 – Googleの研究グループ – 主著のChen氏はDeepLab, Mobile Netの発案者 • 発表日 2018/02/07 – 現時点でのSemantic Segmentationタスクのstate of the art • 選定理由 – DeepLab系の論文をまとめる良い機会. – atrous (dilated) convolutionが他のタスクでも使えそう. 2
  • 3. 発表の流れ • DeepLab系のネットワークまとめ – DeepLab v1 & v2 • atrous convolution • atrous spatial pyramid pooling – DeepLab v3 • cascade and parallel of atrous convolution – DeepLab v3+ • effective decoder module • Xception model • depthwise convolution 3
  • 4. DeepLab v1,2 • “DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs” • v1, v2の違いはベースのアーキテクチャの違い(VGGとResNet) • この論文のポイントは以下の3つ – atrous convolution – atrous spatial pyramid pooling – CRFによる後処理 4 この2つについて話します
  • 5. Atrous Convolution • dilated convolutionとも呼ばれる • 畳み込み演算を離れたピクセルの値で行う – 特徴マップを縮小せず受容野を拡大 5“DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
  • 6. Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) • Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP)からの 着想 • SPPとは – 一つの特徴マップにいくつかのスケール のPoolingをかける – 任意のサイズの特徴マップを決まった大 きさのベクトルに変形  Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP)はこれをatrous convolutionで 行う 6 “Spatial Pyramid Pooling in Deep Convolutional Networks for Visual Recognition”, K. He et al. 2014
  • 7. Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) • 異なるatrous convolutionを特徴 マップに適用 • 右図では赤いピクセルの特徴量を 計算 • ASSPをした後の特徴マップのサイ ズは任意に設定可能 7 “DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
  • 8. DeepLab v1のアーキテクチャ • VGG16の全結合層をatrous convolution, ASPP, 1x1 convで置き換え 8 “DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
  • 9. DeepLab v3 • “Rethinking Atrous Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation” • DeepLab v1, v2との差分 – atrous convolution in cascade (直列) – atrous convolution in paralell (並列) • タイトルにもある通り,atrous convolutionを再考し発展させた 9
  • 10. atrous convolutionの直列, 並列化 • ResNetをさらに深くしていき,stride=2のconcolutionの代わりにatrous convolutionを重ねた • この時,atrous convolutionは異なるdilated rateのを並列した 10 L.-C. Chen et al. “Re- thinking atrous convolution for semantic image segmentation.” arXiv:1706.05587, 2017.
  • 11. DeepLab v3+ • “Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation” • DeepLabv3+からの差分 – Decoder部分の構造を改良した • これまではbilinearでupsamplingしていた – Xceptionネットワークの構造を取り入れた 11
  • 14. 実験結果まとめ • pascal voc 2012 test setの実験結果 14 “DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016
  • 15. まとめ • DeepLab v1, 2 – atrous convolution – atrous spatial pyramid pooling • DeepLab v3 – atrous convolution in cascade – atrous convolution in parallel • DeepLab v3+ – decoder部分でlow-level featureの活用 – Xceptionをencoderとして活用 15
  • 16. 参考文献 • “Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation”, L. Chen et al. 2018 • “DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs”, L. Chen et al. 2016 • “Spatial Pyramid Pooling in Deep Convolutional Networks for Visual Recognition”, K. He et al. 2014 • F. Chollet. Xception: Deep learning with depthwise separable convolutions. In CVPR, 2017. 16