Catchment sensitive farming & Common land from Nature England

1. Catchment Sensitive Farming &
Common Land Stewardship
610354025 藍君偉
103鄉村規劃

2. What is Catchment Sensitive Farming?
• 集水區敏感型耕作
• A joint project between the Environment Agency and Natural
England, funded by Defra and the Rural Development
Programme for England
• It raises awareness of diffuse water pollution from agriculture
(DWPA) by giving free training and advice to farmers in
selected areas in England.
• The selected areas are called ‘priority catchments(優先流域)’.

3. Key Facts
• Agriculture contributes around 25% of Phosphate in English
waters and between 25 – 50% of the pathogen loadings which
affect England’s bathing waters.
• Up to 75% of sediment input into rivers can be attributed to
agriculture. This reduces water clarity and causes serious
problems for fish, plants and insects.
• Pesticides are contaminating drinking water sources, requiring
expensive treatment at water works to remove pesticides
before it is supplied to consumers.

4. Priority Catchment
• Areas targetted to improve freshwater SSSIs where pollution
from farming practices impacts significantly on water quality
and habitats.

5. Priority Catchment

6. How to apply for training and advice
• All CSF training and advice aims to give practical and cost-effective
solutions to improve water quality through:
– workshops
– demonstrations
– farm walks
– farm events
– one-to-one advice on solutions from groundwater protection to whole
farm appraisals

7. Training topics
• Topics are tailored to the area and farming sector but include:
– manure management
– nutrient management
– soil condition
– pesticide management
– farm infrastructure

8. Capital Grant Scheme
• Support the improvement or installation of facilities that
would benefit water quality by RDPA.
• Defra funds a £21 million Capital Grants Scheme in 2012-13 to
support land managers in priority catchments in England

9. Case Study :
Yorkshire Derwent Catchment
Farm Description
• Brook House is a 600 acre dairy, sheep and cereal family.
• the soil type is classified as ‘slowly permeable, seasonally wet’.
This provides a moderate level of fertility with seasonally wet
pastures than can suffer from impeded drainage.
• The solid manure handling system has an adjacent dirty water
storage tank under an unroofed collecting yard.
• The farm has a ground water borehole affected by sulphur
contamination and has switched to abstracting water for farm
use from an adjacent beck.

10. Case Study :
Yorkshire Derwent Catchment

11. Case Study :
Yorkshire Derwent Catchment
Pollution Issues
• Rain from an unroofed collecting yard, with dairy and parlour
washings collect into a slatted dirty water tank under the
collecting yard. The dirty water has a dry matter content of
7.4% and creates 2 diffuse pollution issues :
1. a considerable amount of clean rain water would fill the dirty
water holding tank and reduce intervals between emptying
storage capacity.
2. slurry from cows standing in the collecting yard would seep
through the slats above the dirty water holding tank,
increasing the nutrient value of the dirty water and also
reducing dirty water storage capacity.

12. Case Study :
Yorkshire Derwent Catchment
Pollution Solution
• Roof over the collecting yard to improve clean/dirty water
handling.
• Fill in the slats to reduce slurry contamination of stored dirty
water.

13. What is Common land?
• Common land is a piece of land in private ownership, where
other people have certain traditional rights to use it in
specified ways, such as being allowed to graze their livestock
or gather firewood.
• There are 7,000 commons of England covering nearly 400,000
ha.

14. The Management of Common land
• The management of commons presents special challenges.
They have distinct legal provisions, partly derived from
custom and practice, and from legislation over many centuries.
• Management depends on action by all those holding common
rights (the commoners) working collectively and with land
owners and occupiers, towards agreed outcomes.

15. Values
• Maintaining local communities.
• Commons as Carbon Stores
• Scottish common grazings hold 30% of all deep peat (>2m) in
the country.
• In England, over 59% of common land is SSSI.
• In England over 28% of all common land is AONB.

16. Common Councils
• What are Commons Councils?
• How Commons Councils be established ?
• What are the possible benefits?

17. Common Councils
• Step 1 - Clarifying the benefits.
• Step 2 – Clarifying the land to be covered by a Commons
Council.
• Step 3 – Establishing who has an interest in the common.
• Step 4 – Assessing the level of support for the proposed
commons council.
• Step 5 – Review the response and identifying the main issues
of concern.
• Step 6 – How will the Common Council operate?
• Step 7 – Further consultation.
• Step 8 – compiling a case for an establishment order.
• Step 9 - Consideration by the Secretary of State.