1. Level 2: Maintain Animal Accommodation Assignment 2.1
Task two (2) (P1)
For each of the three enclosures you designed in task one (1) complete this table
Name of Mammal African Crested Porcupine
Scientific Name Hystrix cristata
Environmental/ Welfare Factor How this has been met Why it is needed List Animal Welfare need
Indoor Area A hider has been provided for
the porcupines, allowing them to
escape from everyone’s view and
letting them de-stress. The size
is suitable for the number of
porcupines in the enclosure. A
heat lamp has also been
provided to ensure warmth.
Food has been provided inside
the indoor enclosure.
This allows them to have a
private area away from
everyone’s eyes, allowing them
to de-stress, calm themselves
and have a moment to
themselves. The food has been
placed in the indoor closure to
allow them to eat in privacy.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need for proper diet including
food and water
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need to be housed with or
apart from other animals
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Outdoor Area Plenty of enrichment has been
provided, as well as foliage to
enhance the natural
environment experience, such as
logs, foliage and plants. A wood
chip and soil substrate has been
used. The size of the enclosure
has been measured for and
valuated, the size is 800cm in
length, 600 in height and 600 in
depth. Water has been provided
in the outside enclosure
Wood chipping and soil
substrate to recreate their
natural environment, and to
exhibit natural behaviours, such
as foraging and allowing them to
dig. The enrichment has been
provided to allow them to
exhibit natural behaviours, such
as chewing and scratching the
logs.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need for proper diet including
food and water
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need to be housed with or
apart from other animals
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.

2. Level 2: Maintain Animal Accommodation Assignment 2.1
Temperature A heat lamp has been provided
in the indoor enclosure. A
thermometer has also been
provided in the indoor
enclosure to monitor the
temperature in the enclosure.
A heat lamp has been provided
to maintain the temperature at
least 13c and a maximum or 27c,
to ensure the porcupines’
warmth. A thermometer has
been provided to monitor the
temperature.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Safety In the enclosure, a double door
system has been put in placed
with pad locks Welded mesh has
also been placed, surrounding
the enclosure with a wooden
frame
A double door system with
padlocks has been placed in
order to ensure safety of both
porcupines and ourselves.
Welded mesh has been placed
to ensure safety, and stop
escapes.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Companionship Animals of the same species has
been placed within the
enclosure and which have
allowed breeding for these
animals because it is a mixed
sex group.
Animals of the same species
have been provided because
they are a social animal,
breeding has been allowed so
they can bare young, all this to
allow them to exhibit natural
behaviour.
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need to be housed with or
apart from other animals
Name of Bird Barn Owl
Scientific Name Tyto alba
Environmental/ Welfare Factor How this has been met Why it is needed List Animal Welfare need
Indoor Area A secluded area has been
provided for the barn owl, a
A secluded area has been
provided so the barn owl can
Need for a suitable to
environment

3. Level 2: Maintain Animal Accommodation Assignment 2.1
perch has been placed within
the hider as well as a heat lamp
to keep the barn owl warm.
Newspaper bedding has been
used.
have its own space, and
distress, the heat lamp has
been provided to keep the
animal warm. Newspaper
bedding has been used because
it is easy to see what is dirty
and clean.
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need to be housed with or
apart from other animals
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Outdoor Area A large area has been provided,
with a 507cm length, 300cm
height and 302 cm depth along
with trees, branches and
perches/ Mats have been placed
on the trees and branches.
Gravel has been used for the
flooring. Food and water has
been placed in the environment
for the animal to allow it to get
a proper diet.
Plenty of space has been
provided to let the animal fly
around, trees and branches
have been placed not only for
perching, but shelter too, as the
trees will collect rain by using
their leaves, this stops the barn
owl from getting wet. Gravel
flooring has been used to allow
water to go through the gravel,
this makes cleaning easier and
no flooding occurs.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need for proper diet including
food and water
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Temperature A thermometer has been placed
within the environment, as well
as a heat lamp inside the
shelter.
A thermometer has been placed
within the environment to
monitor the temperature, a
heat lamp is being used to keep
the animal warm, and stop it
from getting too cold.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Safety Double door systems has been
used, as well as locks on the
doors, welded mesh has been
placed around the environment.
The double doors has been
placed with locks in order to
keep the animal safe, stopping it
from escaping, as well as
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.

4. Level 2: Maintain Animal Accommodation Assignment 2.1
stopping others from getting
inside and taking it. Welded
mesh has been used so the
animal cannot injury visitors, as
well as making sure it cannot
escape into the wild.
Companionship The Barn Owl has been placed
on its own, no other animals
within the aviary.
No other animals accompany
this barn owl, so it does not
become stressed, this animal
prefers to be on its own, due to
stress.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need to be housed with or
apart from other animals
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Name of Reptile Royal Python
Scientific Name Python regius
Environmental/ Welfare Factor How this has been met Why it is needed List Animal Welfare need
Indoor Area Several hiders have been put
into placed, along with foliage
and rocks. Newspaper bedding
has been used for this
enclosure. The size is 45cm
wide,, 45cm deep and 120cm
long.
Hiders have been placed to
reduced stress of the animal
and allow it to exhibit natural
behaviours. Foliage and rocks
are being used in order to
recreate the natural
environment, and newspaper
bedding has been used because
it is easy to see and clean.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need to be housed with or
apart from other animals
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.

5. Level 2: Maintain Animal Accommodation Assignment 2.1
Outdoor Area Not Needed Can’t regulate own body
temperature, letting it outside
would cause suffering to the
animal, and would kill the snake,
due to inability to keep itself
warm.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Temperature A heat lamp has been placed
within the enclosure, as well as
a thermometer, a cold area and
a hot area, going at 85F, this is
29C.
Reptiles cannot regulate their
own body temperature, so they
depend on the environment to
keep themselves warm or cool.
Need for a suitable to
environment
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Safety Reinforced glass with metal
padlocked doors have been used
with keys.
The security is not only to keep
the animal from escaping and
harming others, but also keeps
others from harming the animal.
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.
Companionship The animal is on its own simply
because it is a solitary animal.
Snakes are very territorial, if
another animal was placed with
the snake, a fight would most
likely break out, ending up with
the two animals injured.
Need to express normal
behaviour
Need to be housed with or
apart from other animals
Need for Protection from, and
treatment of illness and injury.

6. Level 2: Maintain Animal Accommodation Assignment 2.1
Task three (3) (M1)
For each of the three animals you used in task one (1):
a) State an alternative type of housing available for this animal, and provide
photos, pictures or diagrams of it.
b) Explain why this alternative could be better. Consider the following topics:
welfare, space, cost, security etc.
Species Housing Alternative Justify
1.
Porcupine
Wooden
frame, brick
foundation.
Wood chip
and Soil
flooring,
metal mesh
and glass
windows.
A mixture of straw and soil.
The straw would keep the
porcupines warm. It is easy to
clean. The area is secure with
the metal fencing and mesh.
They are able to exhibit
natural behaviours, such as
chewing, gnawing, foraging, and
scratching with the logs and
branches there.
2. Royal
Python
A wooden or
plastic
vivarium,
glass at the
front with a
plastic
stopper to
stop the
glass doors
from
opening.
Using a
newspaper
type
flooring
A plexiglass windowed vivarium
this will stop it from
shattering, and endangering
the python, being plastic
framing. It is cheaper to get
the materials. Lots of artificial
foliage which means you won’t
have to constantly change the
plants, like real ones and hiders
around the vivarium for the
python to hide and distress.
With the pebble substrate, it
is harder to clean than
newspaper and takes more
time. Although, the faeces and
urine would travel through
underneath the substrate,
which means you wouldn’t have
to constantly change the
substrate.

7. Level 2: Maintain Animal Accommodation Assignment 2.1
3.Barn
Owl
Gravel
flooring with
plastic
netting
above.
Branches
and trees
scatter
around the
environment,
with placed
mats on the
perches to
stop bumble
foot
Gravel flooring with a grassy
area, pond in the environment.
The grassy area would allow
the barn owl to hunt and
experience natural behaviours
as it would in the wild. The
pond could be used as a bird
bath. Unlike our aviary, no
trees or logs reside here,
meaning rain can freely fall,
with no blockage, therefor, in
bad conditions, the barn owl
could get wet, and would have
to spend time inside the hider.
The size of the environment is
large, enough for the barn owl
to stretch its wings.

8. Level 2: Maintain Animal Accommodation Assignment 2.1
Task Four (4) M2 animals you listed in task 1 state what bedding already in
the enclosure, choose alternative bedding and justify your choices (eg cost
effective, effectiveness against allergies, less mess provided).
Complete the following table:
Species Bedding Alternative Justify
1. Porcupine Soil and straw, easy to
clean and keeps the
animals warm. Straw is
cheap to buy, and
stores easily. With
Dirt, the soiled
flooring is easily seen.
Woodchips
and soil.
Woodchips are expensive to buy,
and when exposed to the rain,
would rot. They would also become
slippery. While soil would allow
them to exhibit normal behaviours,
allowing them to dig and forage.
Wood chips would not keep the
porcupines warm as much as straw
would.
2. Royal
Python
Newspaper, it is easy
to see the soiled
bedding on the
newspaper, and even
more easy to clean. It
is cheap to buy and
easily replicable.
Woodchips Woodchips are harder to clean
than newspaper, as it is harder to
see the mess, and harder to pick
up, as well as more expensive to
buy. Wet woodchips can sometimes
stick to the vivarium, making it
even harder to clean.
3. Barn Owl Newspaper is easy to
see and find the soiled
bedding, when
cleaning, you can just
wrap it up and throw it
away. It is cheap, and
easy to replace, as well
as store.
Grass Grass is rather good, as it would
enhance the experience of the
natural habitat. This would also
allow the barn owl to experience
hunting; like it would in the wild.
Although, problems may occur like
when weeds and dangerous plants
pop up that could harm the barn
owl. Trees and ponds can be placed
in the environment. Another
problem would be that it would be
hard to find the soiled bedding
because of the long grass, so a full
clean out would be hard to achieve.