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THE SOCIAL ASPECT IN !
COWORKING SPACES!
Cornelia Gerdenitsch!
Julia Andorfer!
Tabea Scheel!
Christian Korunka!
WHY COWORKING?!
General trend of distributed knowledge work !
“Electronic cottage” (Toffler, 1980) !
ISOLATION, COMMUNITY, FEEDBACK, NETWORKING !
(Spinuzzi 2012, Pohler, 2012)!
“Third spaces” (Oldenbourg, 1989) !
2006 First Space: Hat Factory, San Fransico!
2!
WHY COWORKING?!
General trend of distributed knowledge work !
“Electronic cottage” (Toffler, 1980) !
Isolation? Community? Feedback? !
(Spinuzzi 2012, Pohler, 2012)!
“Third spaces” (Oldenbourg, 1989) !
2006 First Space: Hat Factory, San Fransico!
3!
(Deskmag online magazine)!
4!
HOW CAN CWS BE CHARACTERISED?!
(Spinuzzi 2012; Pohler, 2012)! 5!
community workspace !
•  serves local community!
•  working alongside, few interaction!
Unoffices !
•  less expensive than a traditional
office space!
•  Discussion & interaction!
federated Space!
•  a social hub, a social environment
to work!
•  collaborating on projects!
What is the role of social support in Coworking Spaces?!
6!
Cross-sectional online survey in Europe!
Job demands, Job ressources, outcomes 

(JD-R model, Bakker & Demerouti, 2007; Demerouti, et al., 2001)!
RESSOURCES IN COWORKING SPACES!
Is social support related to satisfaction with work,
work engagement and self-efficacy?!
Interaction with time pressure?!
7!
METHOD: PROCEDURE - RECRUITING!
208 Coworking Spaces (27 European countries) !
50 guaranteed their support !
Reminder two weeks afterwards!
!
Coworking Spaces, Deskmag, !
Coworking news!
!
!
Personal contact!
!
8!
METHOD: INSTRUMENTS!
Study variable! References!
Cronbachʼs
alpha!
Social support! Work-related social support scale (Frese,
1989); fellow Coworker and (other) friends!
.80!
Time pressure! ISTA – Semmer, Zapf & Dunckel, 1999! .81!
Self-efficacy!
Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer
& Jerusalem, 1995)!
.78!
Work engagement!
Utrecht work engagement scale (UWES-9;
Schaufeli, Bakker, & Salanova, 2006)!
.89!
Satisfaction: 

Work Quality!
How satisfied are you with the quality of
your work?!
Satisfaction:
Achieving Objectives!
How satisfied are you with the achievement
of the goals you have set for your work?!
9!
SEKTOR FIVE!
•  Software developer, male, 28 years!
•  Social media marketing agency, female, 30 years!
•  Mobile app developer, male, 25 years!
APPROPRIATNENESS OF THE SURVEY?!
10!
METHOD: SAMPLE!
N = 154 Coworkers!
102 male, 52 female!
Mean age: 35 (min:19, max:62, SD = 8.45)!
79% university degree!
Most self-employed (62%)!
11!
MAIN REASONS TO WORK IN A CWS!
0! 20! 40! 60! 80! 100!
Flexibility!
Provision of infrastructure!
Networking!
Productivity!
Social interaction!
Percent	
  
12!
INTERACTION WITH TIME PRESSURE #1!
1!
2!
3!
4!
5!
Low Social support! High Social support!
SATISFACTION!
1!
2!
3!
4!
Low social support! High social support!
SELF-EFFICACY!
Low time pressure!
High time pressure!
13!
INTERACTION WITH TIME PRESSURE #2!
1!
2!
3!
4!
Low social support! High social support!
SELF-EFFICACY!
Low time pressure!
High time pressure!
•  Coworkers experience social support in CWS, which is
important especially in hard times!
•  Cross-sectional study; Effects rather small!
!
•  Quality of social interaction!
–  Social support vs. social interaction!
–  Working alone together 

drinking coffee and chatting 

collaborating on projects!
•  Important as a first attempt to research

the social aspect in Coworking Spaces!
14!
CONCLUSION!
cornelia.gerdenitsch@univie.ac.at!
@cgerden!
linkd.in/16c3KU3!
bit.ly/18Nx1kD!
www.cgerden.net!
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
15!

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Coworking Study - Eaohp Ldn

  • 1. THE SOCIAL ASPECT IN ! COWORKING SPACES! Cornelia Gerdenitsch! Julia Andorfer! Tabea Scheel! Christian Korunka!
  • 2. WHY COWORKING?! General trend of distributed knowledge work ! “Electronic cottage” (Toffler, 1980) ! ISOLATION, COMMUNITY, FEEDBACK, NETWORKING ! (Spinuzzi 2012, Pohler, 2012)! “Third spaces” (Oldenbourg, 1989) ! 2006 First Space: Hat Factory, San Fransico! 2!
  • 3. WHY COWORKING?! General trend of distributed knowledge work ! “Electronic cottage” (Toffler, 1980) ! Isolation? Community? Feedback? ! (Spinuzzi 2012, Pohler, 2012)! “Third spaces” (Oldenbourg, 1989) ! 2006 First Space: Hat Factory, San Fransico! 3!
  • 5. HOW CAN CWS BE CHARACTERISED?! (Spinuzzi 2012; Pohler, 2012)! 5! community workspace ! •  serves local community! •  working alongside, few interaction! Unoffices ! •  less expensive than a traditional office space! •  Discussion & interaction! federated Space! •  a social hub, a social environment to work! •  collaborating on projects!
  • 6. What is the role of social support in Coworking Spaces?! 6! Cross-sectional online survey in Europe! Job demands, Job ressources, outcomes 
 (JD-R model, Bakker & Demerouti, 2007; Demerouti, et al., 2001)! RESSOURCES IN COWORKING SPACES! Is social support related to satisfaction with work, work engagement and self-efficacy?! Interaction with time pressure?!
  • 7. 7! METHOD: PROCEDURE - RECRUITING! 208 Coworking Spaces (27 European countries) ! 50 guaranteed their support ! Reminder two weeks afterwards! ! Coworking Spaces, Deskmag, ! Coworking news! ! ! Personal contact! !
  • 8. 8! METHOD: INSTRUMENTS! Study variable! References! Cronbachʼs alpha! Social support! Work-related social support scale (Frese, 1989); fellow Coworker and (other) friends! .80! Time pressure! ISTA – Semmer, Zapf & Dunckel, 1999! .81! Self-efficacy! Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995)! .78! Work engagement! Utrecht work engagement scale (UWES-9; Schaufeli, Bakker, & Salanova, 2006)! .89! Satisfaction: 
 Work Quality! How satisfied are you with the quality of your work?! Satisfaction: Achieving Objectives! How satisfied are you with the achievement of the goals you have set for your work?!
  • 9. 9! SEKTOR FIVE! •  Software developer, male, 28 years! •  Social media marketing agency, female, 30 years! •  Mobile app developer, male, 25 years! APPROPRIATNENESS OF THE SURVEY?!
  • 10. 10! METHOD: SAMPLE! N = 154 Coworkers! 102 male, 52 female! Mean age: 35 (min:19, max:62, SD = 8.45)! 79% university degree! Most self-employed (62%)!
  • 11. 11! MAIN REASONS TO WORK IN A CWS! 0! 20! 40! 60! 80! 100! Flexibility! Provision of infrastructure! Networking! Productivity! Social interaction! Percent  
  • 12. 12! INTERACTION WITH TIME PRESSURE #1! 1! 2! 3! 4! 5! Low Social support! High Social support! SATISFACTION! 1! 2! 3! 4! Low social support! High social support! SELF-EFFICACY! Low time pressure! High time pressure!
  • 13. 13! INTERACTION WITH TIME PRESSURE #2! 1! 2! 3! 4! Low social support! High social support! SELF-EFFICACY! Low time pressure! High time pressure!
  • 14. •  Coworkers experience social support in CWS, which is important especially in hard times! •  Cross-sectional study; Effects rather small! ! •  Quality of social interaction! –  Social support vs. social interaction! –  Working alone together 
 drinking coffee and chatting 
 collaborating on projects! •  Important as a first attempt to research
 the social aspect in Coworking Spaces! 14! CONCLUSION!