1.
Intimate Partner Violence
Srinivas Raghavendra, Mrinal Chadha and Nata Duvvury
National University of Ireland, Galway
Rajasthan Priorities conference, Jaipur June 8-10

2.
Intimate Partner Violence
• Intimate partner violence, or violence by the spouse/partner of the
woman, is a significant problem
•1 in 4 married women experience IPV in Rajasthan (25.6% )
• Critical problem as IPV affects
•Women’s productivity –
• women lose approx. 5 days of work per incidence of violence
•Loss of output to the economy
•Affects human capital formation of next generation

3.
Status of Response
• National law passed in 2005 – Protection of Women from Domestic
Violence Act (PWDVA)
• No evidence of robust or effective implementation in states
• Multiple interventions for empowerment of women and adolescents
but no evidence of impact on reducing violence

4.
1st analyzed solution
SASA! Community Moblization Programme

5.
SASA! Community Moblization Programme
Community mobilization program that seeks to change
•change individuals’ attitudes, community norms and structures, by supporting
entire communities through a phased process of change
•involves four phases Start, Awareness, Support, Action
•developed in Uganda and now adapted in more than 20 countries

6.
Costs
• Costs estimated for pilot and scale-up
•Estimated cost $15 for implementing in intervention group 15+
•Equivalent to Rs. 978.3 in 2018 exchange rate
• Total Cost estimated Rs. 184 crores

7.
Benefits
• Reduction in IPV by 55%
• Health benefits of reduced DALYS
• Reduces deaths due to IPV
• Increase in income for households
• Overall gain in economic output
• Total benefit equivalent 1716 crores

8.
total costs, total benefits and cost-benefit ratio
Intervention
Discount
Rate
Benefit
(Rs. Crores)
Cost
(Rs. Crores) BCR
Community Mobilisation-Based
Intervention for Combating
Violence Against Women and
Empowerment of Women
(CMBIVAW)
3% 1942 184 10.6
5% 1716
184
9.3
8% 1433 184 7.8

9.
2nd analyzed solution
Self Help Group-Based Intervention for Combating Violence Against Women
(SHGIVAW)

10.
Self Help Group-Based Intervention for Combating Violence
Against Women (SHGIVAW)
• This is a microfinance intervention with special module on gender
transformation and women’s leadership – combining livelihoods with
empowerment
• Based on a intervention tested in South Africa
• Includes standard microfinance training and participatory module
focused on gender relations and women’s leadership

11.
Costs
• Costs estimated for pilot and scale-up
•In scale up costs were USD 13/ woman reached
•Equivalent to INR 847.86 in 2018 exchange rate
•Total Cost Rs. 159 crores

12.
Benefits
• Reduction in IPV by 55%
• Health benefits of reduced DALYS
• Reduces deaths due to IPV
• Increase in income for households
• Overall gain in economic output
• Total benefit equivalent to 1716 crores

13.
Costs, Benefits and Cost-Benefit Ratio
Intervention Discount Rate
Benefit (INR
Crores) Cost (INR Crores) BCR
Self Help Group-
Based
Intervention for
Combating
Violence Against
Women
(SHGIVAW)
3% 1942 159 12.2
5% 1716 159 10.8
8% 1433 159 8.9