Yoshia Kashima, a representative of Tonga, discusses the impacts of global warming on the island nation. Sea levels are rising 15.1 mm annually along Tonga's coastline and are projected to increase further in the coming decades. This threatens Tonga's important agricultural areas and exports, which make up 38% of GDP. Rising water temperatures also put marine life and fisheries at risk. Global warming endangers Tonga's tourism industry by damaging coral reefs. To prevent further effects, Tonga plans to build breakwaters but needs financial support from other countries. If unchecked, a university study found that global warming could cause Tonga to disappear in the next few centuries.

1. Yoshia Kashima
(representative of
Tonga)
Edit P. Anna Paddon, Nanaimo, BC, Canada. Sept 06, 2012. Yoshia Kashima (representative of Tonga)

2. The impact of global warming to
Tonga
• The sea level is rising 15.1 mm annually along
Tonga’s coast line. (2001)
• Scientists say if global warming goes on, after
ten years, the sea level will rise 30.5mm a year
and over 40mm a year over 20 years’.

3. The impact of Global Warming
The main cause of Global Warming is orbital eccentricities of Earth and variations in the Sun's output.
THE BENEFIT OF INTERNATIONAL AID.
"It's ironic that a culture [Mayans] so obsessed with
keeping track of celestial movements may have met
their demise because of a 206- year cycle," he said.
The cycle continues to the present, which happens to
fall into about the middle of the 206-year period,
"Global Warming" is something that has been happening for a long time.
The temperature of the earth has been increasing more or less continuously Hodell said. Even a severe drought today, however,
since the time of the cave man. Approximately 18,000 years ago the earth isn't likely to have the same impact on the culture as in
began a gradual process of warming up after more than 100,000 years of Ice
Ages. Much of North America, Europe, and Asia lay buried beneath great ancient times.
sheets of glacial ice. By about 15,000 years ago the earth had warmed Brenner noted North Korea currently is suffering an
sufficiently to halt the advance of glaciers, and sea levels worldwide began
to rise. By 8,000 years ago the land bridge across the Bering Strait was extreme drought, but the country has the benefit of
drowned, cutting off the migration of men and animals to North America. international aid.
Since the end of the Ice Age, Earth's temperature has risen approximately
Global Warming Test2 -P1252719384vFGfs Sept 09 2012
16 degrees F and sea levels have risen a total of 300 feet! Forests have http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/GlobWarmTest/Q1.html
returned where once there was only ice. From a geological perspective,
global warming is the normal state of our accustomed natural world.
Technically, we are in an "interglacial phase," or between ice ages. The Tonga Can't wait for... Atmospheric causes like a volcano to
question is not really if an ice age will return, but when. Don't panic when block out the sun or a energy tests waste to block the sun causing a fast freeze,
you hear global alarmists warning the earth may have warmed almost 1 cooling the earth. And, the “greenhouse effect to cause cooling. Astronomical
Theory of Climate Change NOAA Paleoclimatology Program - Orbital
degree in the last 200 years. Although this still hasn't yet been proven, it is
Variations and Milankovitch T... Page 1 of 3 Changes in the "tilt" of the earth
in fact exactly what should be happening if everything is normal. can change the severity of the seasons - more "tilt" means more severe seasons
- warmer summers and colder winters; less "tilt" means less severe seasons - cooler
If Global Warming stops, then you can start worrying! It means summers and milder winters. The earth wobbles in space so that its tilt changes
between about 22 and 25 degrees on a cycle of about 41,000 years.
our warm interglacial phase is over and we may be heading into Tonga Can't wait for... “Milankovitch Cycles [to]
another Ice Age! Global Warming Test2 -P1252719384vFGfs Sept 09 2012 shape ... Earth's elliptical orbit cycle of eccentricity,” and cause cooling to
http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/GlobWarmTest/Q1.html decrease ocean height as it causes increased glaciers and polar ice caps.
“Sunspots and climate ... the Sporer, Maunder, and Dalton minima coincide
with the colder periods of the Little Ice Age...”

4. Effect on agriculture
• Agriculture makes up 38 percent of
Tonga’s GDP.
• The rise of sea level will mainly affect the
southern part of Tonga where the land,
below or at sea level, is the most
important agricultural area.
• Tonga's main Agricultural products are
squash, coconuts, bananas, vanilla beans,
cocoa, coffee, ginger and black pepper
which are grown for export.

5. Map of Tonga

6. Effects on agriculture
• Tonga’s income from the agricultural
industry comes mainly from exporting
those food products
• Agricultural exports makes up two-thirds
of Tonga’s total exports.
• If Tonga loses this part of land to the sea,
60 percent of the export income will be
taken away.

7. Effect on marine life
• Also there will be a serious problem for marine
life.
• The second most important product for export
is fish.
• The rise of water temperature will cause the
fish to leave Tonga’s economic zone to find a
suitable temperature for them to live in.
• Fishermen will lose their jobs if the fish leave
Tonga’s economic zone.

8. Effect on tourism
• Tourism is one of the industries that sustains
Tonga's economy.
• Tonga is a popular holiday resort during
summer, especially for Asians.
Tourists enjoy diving, seeing the coral, fishing,
swimming, and all the water adventures
around Tonga.
• All the events that are mentioned above will be
affected by global warming.

9. Effect on tourism
• Especially Coral reefs will be affected by the
rise of water temperature.
• If the coral are destroyed, Tonga will lose the
special feature which attract tourists.
• The loss of tourists will be a heavy blow to
Tonga’s economy.

10. To prevent the
effects to agricultural
area
• To prevent the effect to agricultural areas, Tonga is
planning to build breakwaters to stop the crops
getting drowned in future.
• Unfortunately it requires a large amount of money to
build those facilities.
• Tonga is going to appeal to developed countries to get
economic aid and material support.

11. Prevent the rise of
water temperature
Tonga does not have any means to
prevent the rise of water temperature.
• Tonga depends on the developed
countries which are causing the global
warming to stop the rise of water
temperature.

12. Our country will disappear in
the next few centuries (University of
Queensland research) if the Global
warming goes on !!!!!!!!!!
Done by Yoshia Kashima (representative of Tonga)