Problem solving is a complex mental process that involves defining the problem, generating alternative solutions, and selecting and implementing a course of action. Effective problem solving requires gathering relevant information, analyzing it to understand the root causes, and either rearranging the information or finding new solutions. There are many techniques that can be used in problem solving, such as brainstorming, trial-and-error, and root cause analysis. The key is to think creatively about problems in order to discover opportunities for solutions.