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Flexible Data Centre Fabric -
FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP
and VXLAN

         Ron Fuller– CCIE #5851 (R&S/Storage)
         Technical Marketing Engineer, Nexus 7000
         rfuller@cisco.com
Agenda

       The Evolving Data Centre Fabric

       FabricPath

       VXLAN                                              1K
                                                           Cisco
                                                           Nexus
                                                            x8

       LISP                                                6




       LISP Host Mobility

       OTV LAN Extension

       Mobility with Extended Subnets

       Nexus Fabric


© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.           Cisco Confidential   3
Goals of the Fabric
 Addressing Concurrent Workloads, Mobility and Latency
Port Density                                                                Priority Flow Control
Adequate Buffer Capacity                                                    Early Congestion Notification
Adequate Table Sizes                                                        FabricPath Multiple Trees
Low Latency Switching                                                       ECMP L2 & L3
Cut-through Switching                                                       Multi-tenancy
      :                                                                            :
      :                                                                            :

              Architecture is evolving Rapidly – in the next 24 months
                             L2/L3 Boundary becomes less relevant
                             Clos Topologies dominate new implementations
                             HA models shift
                             Server Edge becomes more intelligent
                             DC Fabric becomes more scalable
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                   Cisco Confidential   4
Goals of the Fabric
Addressing High Availability and Fate Sharing
                                                                          L3

                                                                      L3/L2    L3/L2

                                                                          L2    L2

                               East-West traffic – Fate Sharing Domain
                                                                                       Larger POD East-West Traffic – Fate Sharing Domain
                                    STP is the protocol of choice
                                                                                                        N+1 redundancy
                              1+1 redundancy – limited forwarding paths
                                                                                                 IS-IS is the protocol of choice
                                                                                                    Broad forwarding paths
                                 East-West across L3 boundaries                                   Broader Adjacency Support
                               OSPF/EIGRP are protocols of choice
                             N+1 redundancy – Broad forwarding Paths                       Same number of physical boxes and links
                                                                                                    Protocol behavior is L3-like
                                        North-South traffic                                        Multi-pathing over L2 and L3
                                OSPF/EIGRP are protocols of choice                       More flexible L2 adjacency, better scale capacity
                              N+1 redundancy – Broad forwarding paths                        Better latency consistency within POD

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                              Cisco Confidential   5
Goals of the Fabric
       Not a L2 vs. L3 debate




                                                  L2/L3


                   The traditional L2 vs. L3 debate has been based on a number of issues
                                Scalability
                                Availability

                   Requirements for the scalable design moving forward is a scalable,
                          highly available switching fabric with the advantages of both L2 and L3

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                    Cisco Confidential   6
“Plug-and-Play” and Mobility vs. Availability and Scaling
                                          Advantages of Layer 2                                     Disadvantages of Layer 2

                   Practically “plug-n-play” – No user                                MAC address consumption
                    configuration is required to build forwarding
                    database                                                           BPDU generation is CPU intensive with increasing
                                                                                        number of VLANs
                   It makes it simple to support teaming or L2
                                                                                       VLAN sprawl causes flooding and broadcasts to
                    multicast for clusters
                                                                                        propagate even where they are not needed
                   Easy to segment traffic with VLANs                                 Half of the links in the topology are blocking
                   Very fast movement of end station addresses                        Misconfigurations can cause Layer 2 loops which
                    (ability to update MAC address tables after a                       may make switches unmanageable
                    vMotion-type event)
                                                            MAC Table                       MAC Table

                                                               A                                A


                                                                                                        Layer 2
                                                                                                        Domain
                                                MAC Table                           MAC Table                     MAC Table

                                                      A                 MAC Table       A                            A

                                                                           A
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                             Cisco Confidential   7
Availability and Scaling vs. Restricted Workload Flexibility

       Layer 3 Routed Topologies alleviate the
        consumption of L2 tables via route
        summarization
       Layer 3 Routed topologies provide for a
        degree of fault isolation and
       “Routed Access” provides the logical               L3
        extension of the design philosophy                 L2
       “Scaling Up” of the Access Switch via
        such mechanism as the FEX provide a
        degree of workload mobility
       “L2” domain extension of some form is
        required for most workload mobility
        requirements                                            Workload Domain for most Hypervisor and Clustering
                                                                  based solutions is restricted by the Traditional
                                                                               Layer 2/3 boundary
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                              Cisco Confidential   8
Segment-ID: Scaling Logical Groupings of Connectivity

                    S1                                 Web             S2      App              S3    Database
                                                      Server                  Server                   Server

                                                                                     S4


                                  802.1Q
                                                           VLAN ID          802.1Q
                                                                                          VLAN ID       802.1ad
                                                            12-bits                         12-bits     standardized
                                                                                                        frame format

                                                                 SegmentId
                                                            VLAN ID     VLAN ID
                                                             12-bits    24-bits   12-bits

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                         Cisco Confidential   9
Location Identity Separation
                                                                                   • Location reachability determined by
                                                                                      traditional routing mechanisms in the
                                                                                      Fabric
                                                            L2/L3 Fabric           • Identity is mapped to location
Location                                                                              addresses

Identity                                                                           • All these technologies leverage
                                                                                      Location/Identity Mapping

                                                             FabricPath /      VXLAN                  OTV             LISP
                                                               TRILL
 Location                                                     Switch-ID       IP address           IP address       IP address
                                                               (IS-IS)      (IP protocols)       (IP protocols)   (IP protocols)
 Identity                                                    Client MAC      Client MAC           Client MAC      Client IP/MAC
                                                             (Flooding)      (Flooding)              (IS-IS)      (Mapping DB)
 Multi-tenancy
 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                        24-bit Segment Identifier             Cisco Confidential   10
FabricPath, LISP, VXLAN & OTV

                  Requirement                                       Intra-DC                       Inter-DC
 Scale




                  Layer 2 connectivity                              FabricPath/TRILL/VXLAN         OTV/VPLS

                  IP Mobility                                       LISP                           LISP

                  Secure Segmentation                               VXLAN / Segment-ID             VPNs (LISP/MPLS)


                                                                       LISP
                                                                    IP mobility
                                                                      IP Network
                                    DC-west                                                               DC-east

                      POD                                  POD                                     POD                        POD

       App                       App                          App                            App          App                       App
                                                                             OTV/VPLS
        OS                        OS                          OS           (Inter-DC x-L3)   OS           OS                        OS


          Fabric Path                         VXLAN/OTV                                       Fabric Path         VXLAN/OTV
         (Intra-DC L2)                      (Intra-DC x-L3)
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
                                                                                             (Intra-DC L2)      (Intra-DC x-L3) Confidential
                                                                                                                             Cisco             11
Agenda

       The Evolving Data Centre Fabric

       FabricPath

       VXLAN                                              1K
                                                           Cisco
                                                           Nexus
                                                            x8

       LISP                                                6




       LISP Host Mobility

       OTV LAN Extension

       Mobility with Extended Subnets

       Nexus Fabric


© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.           Cisco Confidential   12
Cisco FabricPath
       NX-OS Innovation Enhancing L2 with L3



                                             Switching                            Routing
         Easy Configuration                                             Multi-pathing (ECMP)
         Plug & Play                                                    Fast Convergence
         Provisioning Flexibility                                       Highly Scalable
                                                           FabricPath

                              “FabricPath brings Layer 3 routing benefits to
                               flexible Layer 2 bridged Ethernet networks”

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                 Cisco Confidential   13
MAC-in-MAC                         Optimal MAC Learning                                IS-IS
      • Creates hierarchical layer 2                       • Prevent potential MAC table            • Scalable routing protocol with
      address scheme with additional MAC                   overflow in large scale L2 domain        proven implementation for fast
      header                                               • Traditional source-learning only on    convergence upon network changes
      • Source and destination Switch_ID                   Edge port for locally connected MAC      • Link-state protocol ensures optimal
      written into outer MAC header at                     addresses                                path between any 2 nodes
      L2MP edge                                            • Learning is disabled on Core port to   • Built-in authentication mechanism
      • Forwarding inside L2MP core                        reduce MAC table utilization             enhances network security and
      network is based on destination                      • Non-local source-MAC only learned      stability
      Switch_ID                                            if destination-MAC is already learned    • Inherent support for ECMP and
      • Embedded path selector (FTAG)                      as local entry                           multi-topology maximize link
      provides multi-pathing for even                                                               utilization
      broadcast and multicast
      • Built-in protections (TTL and
      multicast RPF) minimize impact of
      transient network issues

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                   Cisco Confidential   14
New Control Plane
              Plug-n-Play L2 IS-IS manages forwarding topology
     • IS-IS assigns addresses to all FabricPath switches automatically
     • Compute shortest, pair-wise paths
     • Support equal-cost paths between any FabricPath switch pairs


                                                                      S10      S20          S30   S40
              FabricPath
              Routing Table
                   Switch                        IF
                     S10                        L1
                     S20
                     S30
                                                L2
                                                L3
                                                                                 FabricPath
                     S40                        L4                L1 L2 L3
                    S200                 L1, L2, L3, L4                  L4
                      …                         …
                    S400                 L1, L2, L3, L4

                                                           S100         S200         S300               S400

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                       Cisco Confidential   15
New Data Plane
  • The association MAC address/Switch ID is maintained at the edge
                                                               S10       S20      S30          S40


  Switch ID space:                                                                                                S300: FabricPath
  Routing decisions                                                        A  B S100  S300                      Routing Table
  are made based on                                                                                                Switch              IF
  the FabricPath                                                                                                     …                 …
  routing table                                                S100     FabricPath S200
                                                                                    (FP)             S300          S100        L1, L2, L3, L4




   MAC adress space:                                           1/1                                      1/2       S300: CE MAC
   Switching based on                                                 Classical Ethernet (CE)                     Address Table
                                                                                                                     MAC                    IF
   MAC address tables                                      A                                                  B          B                  1/2
                                                                                                                         …
                                                                                                                         A               …
                                                                                                                                        S100




  • Core fabric leverages an independent routing topology from the edge
  • Scales MAC learning
  • Scales Core topology state
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                     Cisco Confidential   16
New Control and Data Plane
                  •      Edge switches maintain both MAC address table and Switch ID table

                  •      Ingress switch uses MAC table to determine destination Switch ID

                  •      Egress switch uses MAC table (optionally) to determine output switchport

                                                                                   S10         S20         S30     S40




                                                          FabricPath
                                                       MAC Table on S100
                                                            MAC   IF/SID
   Local MACs point
      to switchports
                                                             A
                                                             B
                                                                  e1/1
                                                                  e1/2
                                                                           S100                    S101   FabricPath                     S200
Remote MACs point                                            C    S101
     to Switch IDs                                           D    S200




 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
                                                                           MAC A   MAC B   MAC C                           MAC D
                                                                                                                         Cisco Confidential   17
New Control and Data Plane
                 •      FabricPath IS-IS manages Switch ID (routing) table

                 •      All FabricPath-enabled switches automatically assigned Switch ID (no user configuration
                        required)

                 •      Algorithm computes shortest (best) paths to each Switch ID based on link metrics

                 •      Equal-cost paths supported between FabricPath switches
                                                                                          S10             S20         S30     S40

                                                         FabricPath
                                                    Routing Table on S100
                                                       Switch           IF
   One „best‟ path                                         S10         L1
   to S10 (via L1)                                         S20         L2
                                                           S30         L3                 L1    L2   L3         L4
                                                           S40         L4
  Four equal-cost                                          S101   L1, L2, L3, L4
   paths to S101                                            …          …                                             FabricPath
                                                           S200   L1, L2, L3, L4


© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                            Cisco Confidential   18
                                                                                   S100                    S101                                  S200
Scaling – Conversational Learning

                                   MAC                      IF                                               MAC         IF
                                      A                    e1/1                                               A        s1,e1/1
                                     …                     …                                                 …           …
                                      B                s8, e1/2
                                                                         FabricPath                           B         e1/2

                                                                         s3            s5        s8
                                                                  e1/1                                e1/2
                                                           A                                                       B
                                                                                 MAC        IF
                                                                                 …          …




              •      Edge switch only learn the MAC of remote hosts when there are two way communications
                     between remote hosts and local hosts

              •      Unknown unicast flooding alone won‟t have all switches within VLAN learn the source MAC

              •      Intermediate switches don‟t learn the MAC

              •      Hardware based MAC learning

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                         Cisco Confidential   19
Cisco FabricPath
       Terminology
                                                    Interface connected to another FabricPath device
                                                    Sends/receives traffic with FabricPath header
                                                    Does not run spanning tree
                                                    Does not perform MAC learning!
                                                    Exchanges topology info through L2 ISIS adjacency
    FP Core Ports                                   Forwarding based on „Switch ID Table‟
                                                               S10            S20             S30               S40



    Spine Switch



                                                           FabricPath (FP)
                                                                 S100                                    S200         S300


    Leaf Switch

                                                                 1/1                                                     1/2
                                                                       Classical Ethernet (CE)
                                                           A                                                                   B

    CE Edge Ports                                  Interface connected to traditional network device
                                                   Sends/receives traffic in standard 802.3 Ethernet frame format
                                                   Participates in STP domain
                                                   Forwarding based on MAC table

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                           Cisco Confidential   20
Configuration Simplicity

Automatically handled
by IS-IS
                                                                                FabricPath


                                                           V10 V20 V30    V30    V10 V20           V10 V30




                              V10                                        V20                 V30
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                           Cisco Confidential   21
•    Multidestination traffic constrained to
                        Root for                                            Root for                    loop-free trees touching all FabricPath
                        Tree 1                                              Tree 2                      switches
                 S10                         S20              S30     S40
                                                                                                   •    Root switch assigned for each
                                                                                                        multidestination tree in FabricPath
                                                                                                        domain
                                                                                                   •    Loop-free tree built from each Root
                                                                                                        and assigned a network-wide
                                                                                                        identifier (Ftag)

                                                             FabricPath                            •    Support for multiple multidestination
S100                                              S101                                 S200             trees provides multipathing for multi-
                                                                                                        destination traffic
                                                                                                             Two trees supported in NX-OS release
                                                                                                           5.1
                                                      S100            S20                                      S100                 S10

            S10                                       S101            S30                S40                   S101                 S20

          Root                                        S200            S40               Root                   S200                 S30
                 Logical                                                                      Logical
                 Tree 1
  © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
                                                                                              Tree 2                                 Cisco Confidential   22
Multi-Topology Support

                                                            FabricPath
                                                           Topology „0‟                                            VLAN 20 (DC Wide)
                                                                                                                  Common across entire
                                                                                                                      Data Center



                   FabricPath
                   Topologies                               FabricPath                        FabricPath
                                                             Topology                          Topology
                                                                „1‟                               „2‟

                                                  VLAN 20 – DC Wide                      VLAN 20 – DC Wide
                                                  VLAN 30 – POD Local (and non-unique)   VLAN 30 – POD Local (and non-unique)
                                                  VLAN 10 – POD Local (and unique)       VLAN 40 – POD Local (and unique)

    •       Extending FabricPath to the edge switches without requiring a redesign of the VLAN topology
    •       Each FP switch can have up to 2 Topology ID‟s defined (Topology ID‟s does not have to be unique).
    •       Each Topology will have 2 Multi-Destination Trees defined
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                    Cisco Confidential   23
Mac-in-Mac Header
               Classical Ethernet Frame                                                             DMAC      SMAC   802.1Q    Etype        Payload                    CRC

                                                                             16 bytes                                 Original CE Frame

                                                            Outer             Outer       FP
Cisco FabricPath                                              DA                SA       Tag        DMAC      SMAC   802.1Q    Etype        Payload
                                                                                                                                                                            CRC
                                                                                                                                                                           (new)
     Frame                                                   (48)              (48)      (32)

    6 bits                1      1              2 bits       1      1        12 bits     8 bits     16 bits          16 bits     10 bits   6 bits
                                                                   OOO/DL
                                                            RSVD




Endnode ID                                Endnode ID                                      Sub                         Etype
                         U/L
                                I/G




                                                                            Switch ID                LID                          Ftag      TTL
   (5:0)                                     (7:6)                                      Switch ID                    0x8903



                  •      Switch ID – Unique number identifying each FabricPath switch
                  •      Sub-Switch ID – Identifies devices/hosts connected via VPC+
                  •      LID – Local ID, identifies the destination or source interface
                  •      Ftag (Forwarding tag) – Unique number identifying topology and/or distribution tree
                  •      TTL – Decremented at each switch hop to prevent frames looping infinitely
 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                                             Cisco Confidential     24
Putting it all together – Host A to Host B
           (1) Broadcast ARP Request
                                                                                                   Root for                                                Root for
                Multidestination                                                                   Tree 1                                                  Tree 2
                Trees on Switch 10                                                         S10                     S20               S30             S40

         4          Tree                       IF
                                                                        DA→FF
Ftag →               1            po100,po200,po300
                                                                        Ftag→1
                                                                                                               po300
                     2                      po100
                                                                        SA→100.0.12
                                                                                                                                                                              DA→FF
                                                                        DMAC→FF
                                                                                                 po100 po200
                                                                                                                                                                              Ftag→1

                                                                        SMAC→A                                                                                                SA→100.0.12

                                Multidestination                        Payload                                                                                               DMAC→FF

                                Trees on Switch 100                                                                                                        po20 po30 po40
                                                                                                                                                                              SMAC→A
                                                                                         po10 po20 po30

                         3        Tree                        IF                                       po40                                                po10               Payload

Broadcast →                         1                        po10             S100                                     S200 Multidestination                                 S300
                                    2          po10,po20,po30,po40                                                           Trees on Switch 300

                                                                                                                         5    Tree           IF                              6
        FabricPath
        MAC Table on S100                                           DMAC→FF
                                                                                         e1/13
                                                                                                               Ftag →          1     po10,po20,po30,po40           e2/29     Payload

                                                                                                                                                                             SMAC→A
                                                                                                                               2            po40
             MAC                        IF/SID                      SMAC→A
                                                                                                                                                                             DMAC→FF
                A                 e1/13 (local)              2      Payload
                                                                                                                             FabricPath
                                                                                      MAC A                                                                          MAC B
                                                                                  1                                          MAC Table on S200
  © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                    MAC           IF/SID                            Cisco Confidential   25
Putting it all together – Host A to Host B
         (1) Broadcast ARP Request
  •       S100:
               S100# sh mac address-table dynamic
               Legend:
                                 * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC
                                 age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link
                      VLAN               MAC Address       Type      age   Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID           MAC A learned as
               ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------                         local entry on e1/13
               * 10                    0000.0000.000a      dynamic   0        F   F   Eth1/13


               S100#

  •       S10 (and S20, S30, S40, S200, S300):
               S10# sh mac address-table dynamic
                                                                                                             MAC A not learned
               Legend:
                                                                                                             on other switches
                                 * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC
                                 age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link
                      VLAN               MAC Address       Type      age   Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID
               ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------



© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                  Cisco Confidential   26
(2) Broadcast ARP Reply
                                                                                             Root for                                                   Root for
                Multidestination                                                             Tree 1                                                     Tree 2
                                                                                     S10                     S20               S30                S40
                Trees on Switch 10
         10         Tree                       IF

Ftag →               1            po100,po200,po300
                                                                                                         po300
                     2                      po100                                                                                                                      DA→MC1
                                                                  DA→MC1                                                                                               Ftag→1
                                                                  Ftag→1                   po100 po200

                                                                                                                                                                       SA→300.0.64
                                                                  SA→300.0.64
                                                                                                                                                                       DMAC→A
                                                                  DMAC→A
                 Multidestination
                                                                                                                                                                       SMAC→B
                 Trees on Switch 100                              SMAC→B
                                                                                                                                                     po20 po30 po40
                                                                                   po10 po20 po30
                                                                                                                                                                       Payload
                                                                  Payload
          11        Tree                       IF                                                po40                                                po10


Ftag →               1                       po10                                                                S200 Multidestination                                 S300
                     2          po10,po20,po30,po40                                                                    Trees on Switch 300
                                                                                                                   9    Tree            IF                             7
        FabricPath
        MAC Table on S100                                            Payload
                                                                                   e1/13
                                                                                              Unknown →                  1     po10,po20,po30,po40           e2/29
                                                                                                                                                                       DMAC→A

                                                                                                                         2            po40                             SMAC→B
             MAC                       IF/SID                        SMAC→B
                                                                                                                                                                       Payload
                A                 e1/13 (local)              12      DMAC→A

                                                                                MAC A
                                                                                                         FabricPath MAC Table on S300                          MAC B
                B             300.0.64 (remote)
                                                                                                                 MAC                 IF/SID
                                                                                                 8
                                                                                                                       MISS
  © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                        B               e2/29 (local)                         Cisco Confidential   27
Putting it all together – Host A to Host B
         MAC Address Table after the first ARP frame
            •       S100:
                         S100# sh mac address-table dynamic
                         Legend:
                                           * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC
                                           age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link
                                VLAN               MAC Address     Type      age   Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID
                         ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------               S100 learns MAC B as
                         * 10                    0000.0000.000a    dynamic   90       F   F    Eth1/13               remote entry reached
                              10                 0000.0000.000b    dynamic   60       F   F    300.0.64              through S300

                         S100#

            •       S300:
                         S300# sh mac address-table dynamic
                         Legend:
                                           * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC
                                           age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link        MAC B learned as
                                VLAN               MAC Address     Type      age   Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID    local entry on e2/29
                         ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------
                         • 10                     0000.0000.000b   dynamic   0        F    F   Eth2/29
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                      Cisco Confidential   28
FabricPath Routing
                                         Table on S30
                                                                                              S10           S20             S30              S40
                                           Switch            IF

                                               …             …

                S300 →                       S300           po300           16
                                                                                                                                    po300

                                                                  DA→300.0.64                                                                                           DA→300.0.64
                    FabricPath Routing                            Ftag→1                                                                                                Ftag→1
                    Table on S100                                                                                                                                       SA→100.0.12
                                                                  SA→100.0.12
                        Switch                     IF
                                                                  DMAC→B                                                                                                DMAC→B
                         S10                    po10
                                                                  SMAC→A                                                                                                SMAC→A
                                                                                          po10 po20 po30                                             po20 po30 po40
                         S20                    po20
                                                                  Payload                                                                                               Payload
                                                                                       Hash         po40                                             po10
                         S30                    po30

                         S40                    po40                                                          S200   FabricPath Routing                                   S300
                                                                                S100
                                           po10, po20,                                                               Table on S300
                        S200
                                           po30, po40                                                                                                 17
                                                                        15                                           Switch             IF
                                           po10, po20,                                                                 …                …
S300 →
                                                                                          e1/13                                                              e2/29
                        S300                                                                                                                                                Payload
                                           po30, po40
                                                                                                           S300 →     S300         Use LID (64)
                                                                                                                                                                            SMAC→A
                                                                      DMAC→B
              FabricPath
                                                                                                                                                                            DMAC→B
              MAC Table on S100                                       SMAC→A                                          FabricPath
                                                                                       MAC A                                                                   MAC B
                 MAC                      IF/SID                      Payload                                         MAC Table on S300
                    A                e1/13 (local)          14         13                                              MAC              IF/SID
                                                                                                                                                            18
                                                                                                                        A         S100.0.12 (remote)
B→                  B            300.0.64 (remote)                              If DMAC is known, then
                                                                                                                        B            e2/29 (local)
 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                       learn remote MAC                                                                      Cisco Confidential   29
Putting it all together – Host A to Host B
         Unicast forwarding
                   S100# sh mac address-table dynamic
                   Legend:
                                       * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC
                                       age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link
                          VLAN                  MAC Address    Type      age   Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID
                   ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------
                   * 10                       0000.0000.000a   dynamic   90       F    F   Eth1/13
                        10                    0000.0000.000b   dynamic   60       F    F   300.0.64


                   S300# sh mac address-table dynamic
                   Legend:
                                       * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC
                                       age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link
                          VLAN                  MAC Address    Type      age   Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID
                   ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------                 S100 learns MAC A as
                                                                                                                 remote entry reached
                        10                    0000.0000.000a   dynamic   30       F    F   100.0.12
                                                                                                                 through S100
                   • 10                       0000.0000.000b   dynamic   90       F    F   Eth2/29


© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                   Cisco Confidential   30
Putting it all together – Host A to Host B
         Unicast Forwarding
   S100# sh fabricpath route
   FabricPath Unicast Route Table
   'a/b/c' denotes ftag/switch-id/subswitch-id
   '[x/y]' denotes [admin distance/metric]
   ftag 0 is local ftag
   subswitch-id 0 is default subswitch-id
                                                                                  Topology (ftag), Switch
                                                                                  ID, Sub-Switch ID
   FabricPath Unicast Route Table for Topology-Default                            Administrative distance,
                                                                                  routing metric
   0/100/0, number of next-hops: 0
           via ---- , [60/0], 0 day/s 04:43:51, local
   1/10/0, number of next-hops: 1                                                  Route age
           via Po10, [115/20], 0 day/s 02:24:02, isis_fabricpath-default
   1/20/0, number of next-hops: 1
           via Po20, [115/20], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default           Client protocol
   1/30/0, number of next-hops: 1
           via Po30, [115/20], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default           Next-hop interface(s)
   1/40/0, number of next-hops: 1
           via Po40, [115/20], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default                                     FabricPath
   1/200/0, number of next-hops: 4
           via Po10, [115/40], 0 day/s 02:24:02, isis_fabricpath-default          S10          S20     S30      S40

           via Po20, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:06, isis_fabricpath-default
           via Po30, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:06, isis_fabricpath-default
           via Po40, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:06, isis_fabricpath-default
                                                                                        po10
   1/300/0, number of next-hops: 4                                                          po20
           via Po10, [115/40], 0 day/s 02:24:02, isis_fabricpath-default                      po30
                                                                                                po40
           via Po20, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default
                                                                           S100                              S200                        S300
           via Po30, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default
           via Po40, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                            Cisco Confidential    31
                                                                                        A              B                          C
FabricPath Design
        STP Interaction

                       FabricPath
                       (no STP)
                                                           FabricPath

                       Classical
                       Ethernet                                           STP
                       (STP)                                              Domain
                                                            STP
                                                            Domain 1     BPDU            ✖ STP
                                                                                      BPDU Domain 2
                                                                                                                   CE Edge Ports
                FabricPath domain appears as single Spanning-Tree bridge
                All FabricPath bridges share a common (static) bridge ID
                            Cisco reserved MAC c84c.75fa.6000
                STP BPDUs are not carried through the FabricPath network
                Configure all FabricPath edge switches using “spanning-tree vlan <x> root primary” (or manually configure bridge
                 priority lower than any STP bridge)
                            Each FabricPath edge switch must be the root for all connected STP domains
                            Strongly recommended to use the same bridge priority on all FabricPath edge switches                             32
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                Cisco Confidential
FabricPath
        L2/L3 Boundary Location
                           Layer 3 Boundary at the Spine                                 Layer 3 Integration at the Leaf/Edge
     Straightforward with two spine switches                                        Provides a “cleaner” spine design
     Considerations with more than two spines:                                      Traffic distributed equally across spines (no hot
                      HSRP: Traffic polarized to spines on a per VLAN basis          spot)
                       (South-North)
                      GLBP to distribute servers to different default gateways      Increased number of hops to reach gateway
                                                                                      (latency)
                      Anycast FHRP future solution



                                               L3
                                                                                       FabricPath


           FabricPath

                                                                                      L3                                   L3

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                    Cisco Confidential   33
FabricPath L2/L3 Boundary Location
        Classic Two Switch Spine
      • Simplest migration from most existing
             designs
                                                                                             L3 Domain
      • The spine is also used for routing with




                                                                                                                          + MAC learning for
             M1/F1 in the same VDC                                        L3




                                                                                                                          Switch-id based
      • Consideration – MAC Learning and Scaling                          edge/spine




                                                                                                                          routed traffic
                                                                                                                          forwarding
                                                                          s       M1+F1               M1+F1
      • Compared to classic ethernet designs you
             gain:
                   Ease of configuration
                   MAC address table increased scalability and more
                   efficient learning
                   Traffic distribution on all uplinks                                                                           edge
                   Possibility to offload the spine by providing direct
                   communication paths between the edge layer devices
                   […]
                                                                           Conversational Learning   Conversational Learning



© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                          Cisco Confidential    34
FabricPath L2/L3 Boundary Location
        Leaf/Spine/Boundary Architecture
                                                                                   L3 Domain
• By separating the L3 function
       from the spine, the F1 card in                                 L3 edge
       the spine performs pure switch-
       id forwarding                                                     M1/F1                      M1/F1
                                                            FP port                                                    FP port
• The L3 edge will need both
       M1/F1 in order to connect with




                                                                                                                                 Switch-id based
       Fabricpath ports to the spine
                                                                 spine                                             spine




                                                                                                                                 forwarding
• The M1/F1 L3 edge will need to
       perform learning for the remote
       mac addresses

• L3 edge and spine can be
       combined in the same chassis
       by means of VDCs                                                           edge
                                                           Conversational        Conversational Learning
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.   Learning                                         Cisco Confidential      35
Nexus Edge, Core & Boundary Nodes

                                                                                                   Large Scale Fabric 4K VLAN’s, 128K MAC Address,
                                                                                                                      512K Routes




                     blade1            blade1              blade1    blade1    blade1    blade1
                      slot 1
                     blade2             slot 1
                                       blade2               slot 1
                                                           blade2     slot 1
                                                                     blade2     slot 1
                                                                               blade2     slot 1
                                                                                         blade2                              blade1    blade1    blade1           blade1
                      slot 2
                     blade3             slot 2
                                       blade3               slot 2
                                                           blade3     slot 2
                                                                     blade3     slot 2
                                                                               blade3     slot 2
                                                                                         blade3          blade1    blade1     slot 1    slot 1    slot 1
                                                                                                                                                 blade2            slot 1
                                                                                                                                                                  blade2
                      slot 3            slot 3              slot 3
                                                           blade4     slot 3
                                                                     blade4     slot 3
                                                                               blade4     slot 3
                                                                                         blade4           slot 1
                                                                                                         blade2     slot 1
                                                                                                                   blade2    blade2
                                                                                                                              slot 2   blade2
                                                                                                                                        slot 2    slot 2
                                                                                                                                                 blade3            slot 2
                                                                                                                                                                  blade3
                     blade4            blade4               slot 4
                                                           blade5     slot 4
                                                                     blade5     slot 4
                                                                               blade5     slot 4
                                                                                         blade5           slot 2
                                                                                                         blade3     slot 2
                                                                                                                   blade3    blade3    blade3     slot 3
                                                                                                                                                 blade4            slot 3
                                                                                                                                                                  blade4
                      slot 4
                     blade5             slot 4
                                       blade5               slot 5    slot 5    slot 5
                                                                               blade6     slot 5
                                                                                         blade6           slot 3
                                                                                                         blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                   blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                             blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                                       blade4     slot 4
                                                                                                                                                 blade5            slot 4
                                                                                                                                                                  blade5
                      slot 5
                     blade6             slot 5
                                       blade6              blade6
                                                            slot 6   blade6
                                                                      slot 6    slot 6
                                                                               blade7     slot 6
                                                                                         blade7           slot 4
                                                                                                         blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                   blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                             blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                                       blade5     slot 5
                                                                                                                                                 blade6            slot 5
                                                                                                                                                                  blade6
                      slot 6
                     blade7             slot 6
                                       blade7              blade7    blade7     slot 7
                                                                               blade8     slot 7
                                                                                         blade8           slot 5
                                                                                                         blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                   blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                             blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                                       blade6     slot 6
                                                                                                                                                 blade7            slot 6
                                                                                                                                                                  blade7
                      slot 7
                     blade8             slot 7
                                       blade8               slot 7
                                                           blade8     slot 7
                                                                     blade8     slot 8    slot 8          slot 6
                                                                                                         blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                   blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                             blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                                       blade7     slot 7           slot 7
                      slot 8            slot 8              slot 8    slot 8                              slot 7
                                                                                                         blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                   blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                             blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                                       blade8    blade8
                                                                                                                                                  slot 8          blade8
                                                                                                                                                                   slot 8
                                                                                                          slot 8    slot 8    slot 8    slot 8
                     blade1            blade1              blade1    blade1    blade1    blade1
                      slot 1
                     blade2             slot 1
                                       blade2               slot 1
                                                           blade2     slot 1
                                                                     blade2     slot 1
                                                                               blade2     slot 1
                                                                                         blade2                              blade1    blade1    blade1           blade1
                      slot 2
                     blade3             slot 2
                                       blade3               slot 2
                                                           blade3     slot 2
                                                                     blade3     slot 2
                                                                               blade3     slot 2
                                                                                         blade3          blade1    blade1     slot 1    slot 1    slot 1
                                                                                                                                                 blade2            slot 1
                                                                                                                                                                  blade2
                      slot 3            slot 3              slot 3
                                                           blade4     slot 3
                                                                     blade4     slot 3
                                                                               blade4     slot 3
                                                                                         blade4           slot 1
                                                                                                         blade2     slot 1
                                                                                                                   blade2    blade2
                                                                                                                              slot 2   blade2
                                                                                                                                        slot 2    slot 2
                                                                                                                                                 blade3            slot 2
                                                                                                                                                                  blade3
                     blade4            blade4               slot 4
                                                           blade5     slot 4
                                                                     blade5     slot 4
                                                                               blade5     slot 4
                                                                                         blade5           slot 2
                                                                                                         blade3     slot 2
                                                                                                                   blade3    blade3    blade3     slot 3
                                                                                                                                                 blade4            slot 3
                                                                                                                                                                  blade4
                      slot 4
                     blade5             slot 4
                                       blade5               slot 5    slot 5    slot 5
                                                                               blade6     slot 5
                                                                                         blade6           slot 3
                                                                                                         blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                   blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                             blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                                       blade4     slot 4
                                                                                                                                                 blade5            slot 4
                                                                                                                                                                  blade5
                      slot 5
                     blade6             slot 5
                                       blade6              blade6
                                                            slot 6   blade6
                                                                      slot 6    slot 6
                                                                               blade7     slot 6
                                                                                         blade7           slot 4
                                                                                                         blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                   blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                             blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                                       blade5     slot 5
                                                                                                                                                 blade6            slot 5
                                                                                                                                                                  blade6
                      slot 6
                     blade7             slot 6
                                       blade7              blade7    blade7     slot 7
                                                                               blade8     slot 7
                                                                                         blade8           slot 5
                                                                                                         blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                   blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                             blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                                       blade6     slot 6
                                                                                                                                                 blade7            slot 6
                                                                                                                                                                  blade7
                      slot 7
                     blade8             slot 7
                                       blade8               slot 7
                                                           blade8     slot 7
                                                                     blade8     slot 8    slot 8          slot 6
                                                                                                         blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                   blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                             blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                                       blade7     slot 7           slot 7
                      slot 8            slot 8              slot 8    slot 8                              slot 7
                                                                                                         blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                   blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                             blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                                       blade8    blade8
                                                                                                                                                  slot 8          blade8
                                                                                                                                                                   slot 8
                                                                                                          slot 8    slot 8    slot 8    slot 8
                     blade1            blade1              blade1    blade1    blade1    blade1
                      slot 1
                     blade2             slot 1
                                       blade2               slot 1
                                                           blade2     slot 1
                                                                     blade2     slot 1
                                                                               blade2     slot 1
                                                                                         blade2                              blade1    blade1    blade1           blade1
                      slot 2
                     blade3             slot 2
                                       blade3               slot 2
                                                           blade3     slot 2
                                                                     blade3     slot 2
                                                                               blade3     slot 2
                                                                                         blade3          blade1    blade1     slot 1    slot 1    slot 1
                                                                                                                                                 blade2            slot 1
                                                                                                                                                                  blade2
                      slot 3            slot 3              slot 3
                                                           blade4     slot 3
                                                                     blade4     slot 3
                                                                               blade4     slot 3
                                                                                         blade4           slot 1
                                                                                                         blade2     slot 1
                                                                                                                   blade2    blade2
                                                                                                                              slot 2   blade2
                                                                                                                                        slot 2    slot 2
                                                                                                                                                 blade3            slot 2
                                                                                                                                                                  blade3
                     blade4            blade4               slot 4
                                                           blade5     slot 4
                                                                     blade5     slot 4
                                                                               blade5     slot 4
                                                                                         blade5           slot 2
                                                                                                         blade3     slot 2
                                                                                                                   blade3    blade3    blade3     slot 3
                                                                                                                                                 blade4            slot 3
                                                                                                                                                                  blade4
                      slot 4
                     blade5             slot 4
                                       blade5               slot 5    slot 5    slot 5
                                                                               blade6     slot 5
                                                                                         blade6           slot 3
                                                                                                         blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                   blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                             blade4     slot 3
                                                                                                                                       blade4     slot 4
                                                                                                                                                 blade5            slot 4
                                                                                                                                                                  blade5
                      slot 5
                     blade6             slot 5
                                       blade6              blade6
                                                            slot 6   blade6
                                                                      slot 6    slot 6
                                                                               blade7     slot 6
                                                                                         blade7           slot 4
                                                                                                         blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                   blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                             blade5     slot 4
                                                                                                                                       blade5     slot 5
                                                                                                                                                 blade6            slot 5
                                                                                                                                                                  blade6
                      slot 6
                     blade7             slot 6
                                       blade7              blade7    blade7     slot 7
                                                                               blade8     slot 7
                                                                                         blade8           slot 5
                                                                                                         blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                   blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                             blade6     slot 5
                                                                                                                                       blade6     slot 6
                                                                                                                                                 blade7            slot 6
                                                                                                                                                                  blade7
                      slot 7
                     blade8             slot 7
                                       blade8               slot 7
                                                           blade8     slot 7
                                                                     blade8     slot 8    slot 8          slot 6
                                                                                                         blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                   blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                             blade7     slot 6
                                                                                                                                       blade7     slot 7           slot 7
                      slot 8            slot 8              slot 8    slot 8                              slot 7
                                                                                                         blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                   blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                             blade8     slot 7
                                                                                                                                       blade8    blade8
                                                                                                                                                  slot 8          blade8
                                                                                                                                                                   slot 8
                                                                                                          slot 8    slot 8    slot 8    slot 8

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                                                   Cisco Confidential   36
Standards Based + Cisco Extensions
•        Nexus 5500, F1, F2
         and all future HW are
                                                           3       Cisco Forwarding               0
                                                                                                      3        TRILL Forwarding                0
                                                           1                                          1
         capable of IETF                                               Outer CDCE DA                               Outer MAC DA
         standards TRILL                                       Outer CDCE DA      Outer CDCE SA           Outer MAC DA      Outer MAC SA               NextHop
                                                                       Outer CDCE SA                               Outer MAC SA
                                                                                                                                                       Header
•        Support for TRILL in
                                                                ET = DTAG         FTAG     TTL            ET = 802.1Q        Outer VLAN
         NX-OS is pending
         completion of                                                   Inner MAC DA                      ET = TRILL       V/R/M, HopCnt               TRILL
         extensions to the                                     Inner MAC DA       Inner MAC SA              Egress RB        Ingress RB                 Header
         baseline protocol                                              Inner MAC SA                               Inner MAC DA

                                                               ET = 802.1Q         Inner VLAN             Inner MAC DA      Inner MAC SA                Ethernet
•        Multi-topology, VRRP
                                                                                                                                                        Header
         interaction, …                                                                                            Inner MAC SA
                                                                             Payload…                     ET = 802.1Q        Inner VLAN
                                                                                                                    Payload...
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                                                  Cisco Confidential   37
Flexibility in the Fabric - Layer 2 Routing

                      L3 Core                                                           L2+L3
                                                                                        FabricPath
                                                                                        Core

                            FabricPath
                               POD                                     vPC POD
                                                                                          vPC+ POD      vPC+ POD
                                                            Path
                                                            Fabric
                                                            Site 1




                FabricPath                                 FabricPath      FabricPath           FabricPath
                 Site 4                                                        Site 2
                                                             Path
                                                             Fabric
                                                              Site 3




© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                                                     Cisco Confidential   38
Agenda

       The Evolving Data Centre Fabric

       FabricPath

       VXLAN                                              1K
                                                           Cisco
                                                           Nexus
                                                            x8

       LISP                                                6




       LISP Host Mobility

       OTV LAN Extension

       Mobility with Extended Subnets

       Nexus Fabric


© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.           Cisco Confidential   39
• Customer Requirement
                                                                                Tenant Network
         Secure movement of vApps across cloud infrastructure                   (VLAN)

• Solution: VXLAN                                                     vApp1
                                                                Web           vApp2          Web
                                                                VM                           VM
         Millions of dedicated LAN segments
         Security at Scale                                      App                           App
                                                                VM                            VM
         vApp mobility across data centers & clouds
                                                                DB                            DB
                                                                VM                            VM
• VXLAN is network friendly
         Efficient load sharing of links (port channel)

         Supports NAT; better security controls


    VXLAN IETF Draft: http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-mahalingam-dutt-dcops-vxlan/
 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.                        Cisco Confidential   40
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN
Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN

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Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN

  • 1. Flexible Data Centre Fabric - FabricPath/TRILL, OTV, LISP and VXLAN Ron Fuller– CCIE #5851 (R&S/Storage) Technical Marketing Engineer, Nexus 7000 rfuller@cisco.com
  • 2. Agenda  The Evolving Data Centre Fabric  FabricPath  VXLAN 1K Cisco Nexus x8  LISP 6  LISP Host Mobility  OTV LAN Extension  Mobility with Extended Subnets  Nexus Fabric © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3
  • 3. Goals of the Fabric Addressing Concurrent Workloads, Mobility and Latency Port Density Priority Flow Control Adequate Buffer Capacity Early Congestion Notification Adequate Table Sizes FabricPath Multiple Trees Low Latency Switching ECMP L2 & L3 Cut-through Switching Multi-tenancy : : : : Architecture is evolving Rapidly – in the next 24 months L2/L3 Boundary becomes less relevant Clos Topologies dominate new implementations HA models shift Server Edge becomes more intelligent DC Fabric becomes more scalable © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4
  • 4. Goals of the Fabric Addressing High Availability and Fate Sharing L3 L3/L2 L3/L2 L2 L2 East-West traffic – Fate Sharing Domain Larger POD East-West Traffic – Fate Sharing Domain STP is the protocol of choice N+1 redundancy 1+1 redundancy – limited forwarding paths IS-IS is the protocol of choice Broad forwarding paths East-West across L3 boundaries Broader Adjacency Support OSPF/EIGRP are protocols of choice N+1 redundancy – Broad forwarding Paths Same number of physical boxes and links Protocol behavior is L3-like North-South traffic Multi-pathing over L2 and L3 OSPF/EIGRP are protocols of choice More flexible L2 adjacency, better scale capacity N+1 redundancy – Broad forwarding paths Better latency consistency within POD © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5
  • 5. Goals of the Fabric Not a L2 vs. L3 debate L2/L3  The traditional L2 vs. L3 debate has been based on a number of issues  Scalability  Availability  Requirements for the scalable design moving forward is a scalable, highly available switching fabric with the advantages of both L2 and L3 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6
  • 6. “Plug-and-Play” and Mobility vs. Availability and Scaling Advantages of Layer 2 Disadvantages of Layer 2  Practically “plug-n-play” – No user  MAC address consumption configuration is required to build forwarding database  BPDU generation is CPU intensive with increasing number of VLANs  It makes it simple to support teaming or L2  VLAN sprawl causes flooding and broadcasts to multicast for clusters propagate even where they are not needed  Easy to segment traffic with VLANs  Half of the links in the topology are blocking  Very fast movement of end station addresses  Misconfigurations can cause Layer 2 loops which (ability to update MAC address tables after a may make switches unmanageable vMotion-type event) MAC Table MAC Table A A Layer 2 Domain MAC Table MAC Table MAC Table A MAC Table A A A © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7
  • 7. Availability and Scaling vs. Restricted Workload Flexibility  Layer 3 Routed Topologies alleviate the consumption of L2 tables via route summarization  Layer 3 Routed topologies provide for a degree of fault isolation and  “Routed Access” provides the logical L3 extension of the design philosophy L2  “Scaling Up” of the Access Switch via such mechanism as the FEX provide a degree of workload mobility  “L2” domain extension of some form is required for most workload mobility requirements Workload Domain for most Hypervisor and Clustering based solutions is restricted by the Traditional Layer 2/3 boundary © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8
  • 8. Segment-ID: Scaling Logical Groupings of Connectivity S1 Web S2 App S3 Database Server Server Server S4 802.1Q VLAN ID 802.1Q VLAN ID 802.1ad 12-bits 12-bits standardized frame format SegmentId VLAN ID VLAN ID 12-bits 24-bits 12-bits © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 9
  • 9. Location Identity Separation • Location reachability determined by traditional routing mechanisms in the Fabric L2/L3 Fabric • Identity is mapped to location Location addresses Identity • All these technologies leverage Location/Identity Mapping FabricPath / VXLAN OTV LISP TRILL Location Switch-ID IP address IP address IP address (IS-IS) (IP protocols) (IP protocols) (IP protocols) Identity Client MAC Client MAC Client MAC Client IP/MAC (Flooding) (Flooding) (IS-IS) (Mapping DB) Multi-tenancy © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 24-bit Segment Identifier Cisco Confidential 10
  • 10. FabricPath, LISP, VXLAN & OTV Requirement Intra-DC Inter-DC Scale Layer 2 connectivity FabricPath/TRILL/VXLAN OTV/VPLS IP Mobility LISP LISP Secure Segmentation VXLAN / Segment-ID VPNs (LISP/MPLS) LISP IP mobility IP Network DC-west DC-east POD POD POD POD App App App App App App OTV/VPLS OS OS OS (Inter-DC x-L3) OS OS OS Fabric Path VXLAN/OTV Fabric Path VXLAN/OTV (Intra-DC L2) (Intra-DC x-L3) © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. (Intra-DC L2) (Intra-DC x-L3) Confidential Cisco 11
  • 11. Agenda  The Evolving Data Centre Fabric  FabricPath  VXLAN 1K Cisco Nexus x8  LISP 6  LISP Host Mobility  OTV LAN Extension  Mobility with Extended Subnets  Nexus Fabric © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12
  • 12. Cisco FabricPath NX-OS Innovation Enhancing L2 with L3 Switching Routing  Easy Configuration  Multi-pathing (ECMP)  Plug & Play  Fast Convergence  Provisioning Flexibility  Highly Scalable FabricPath “FabricPath brings Layer 3 routing benefits to flexible Layer 2 bridged Ethernet networks” © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13
  • 13. MAC-in-MAC Optimal MAC Learning IS-IS • Creates hierarchical layer 2 • Prevent potential MAC table • Scalable routing protocol with address scheme with additional MAC overflow in large scale L2 domain proven implementation for fast header • Traditional source-learning only on convergence upon network changes • Source and destination Switch_ID Edge port for locally connected MAC • Link-state protocol ensures optimal written into outer MAC header at addresses path between any 2 nodes L2MP edge • Learning is disabled on Core port to • Built-in authentication mechanism • Forwarding inside L2MP core reduce MAC table utilization enhances network security and network is based on destination • Non-local source-MAC only learned stability Switch_ID if destination-MAC is already learned • Inherent support for ECMP and • Embedded path selector (FTAG) as local entry multi-topology maximize link provides multi-pathing for even utilization broadcast and multicast • Built-in protections (TTL and multicast RPF) minimize impact of transient network issues © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14
  • 14. New Control Plane Plug-n-Play L2 IS-IS manages forwarding topology • IS-IS assigns addresses to all FabricPath switches automatically • Compute shortest, pair-wise paths • Support equal-cost paths between any FabricPath switch pairs S10 S20 S30 S40 FabricPath Routing Table Switch IF S10 L1 S20 S30 L2 L3 FabricPath S40 L4 L1 L2 L3 S200 L1, L2, L3, L4 L4 … … S400 L1, L2, L3, L4 S100 S200 S300 S400 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 15
  • 15. New Data Plane • The association MAC address/Switch ID is maintained at the edge S10 S20 S30 S40 Switch ID space: S300: FabricPath Routing decisions A  B S100  S300 Routing Table are made based on Switch IF the FabricPath … … routing table S100 FabricPath S200 (FP) S300 S100 L1, L2, L3, L4 MAC adress space: 1/1 1/2 S300: CE MAC Switching based on Classical Ethernet (CE) Address Table MAC IF MAC address tables A B B 1/2 … A … S100 • Core fabric leverages an independent routing topology from the edge • Scales MAC learning • Scales Core topology state © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16
  • 16. New Control and Data Plane • Edge switches maintain both MAC address table and Switch ID table • Ingress switch uses MAC table to determine destination Switch ID • Egress switch uses MAC table (optionally) to determine output switchport S10 S20 S30 S40 FabricPath MAC Table on S100 MAC IF/SID Local MACs point to switchports A B e1/1 e1/2 S100 S101 FabricPath S200 Remote MACs point C S101 to Switch IDs D S200 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. MAC A MAC B MAC C MAC D Cisco Confidential 17
  • 17. New Control and Data Plane • FabricPath IS-IS manages Switch ID (routing) table • All FabricPath-enabled switches automatically assigned Switch ID (no user configuration required) • Algorithm computes shortest (best) paths to each Switch ID based on link metrics • Equal-cost paths supported between FabricPath switches S10 S20 S30 S40 FabricPath Routing Table on S100 Switch IF One „best‟ path S10 L1 to S10 (via L1) S20 L2 S30 L3 L1 L2 L3 L4 S40 L4 Four equal-cost S101 L1, L2, L3, L4 paths to S101 … … FabricPath S200 L1, L2, L3, L4 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 18 S100 S101 S200
  • 18. Scaling – Conversational Learning MAC IF MAC IF A e1/1 A s1,e1/1 … … … … B s8, e1/2 FabricPath B e1/2 s3 s5 s8 e1/1 e1/2 A B MAC IF … … • Edge switch only learn the MAC of remote hosts when there are two way communications between remote hosts and local hosts • Unknown unicast flooding alone won‟t have all switches within VLAN learn the source MAC • Intermediate switches don‟t learn the MAC • Hardware based MAC learning © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19
  • 19. Cisco FabricPath Terminology  Interface connected to another FabricPath device  Sends/receives traffic with FabricPath header  Does not run spanning tree  Does not perform MAC learning!  Exchanges topology info through L2 ISIS adjacency FP Core Ports  Forwarding based on „Switch ID Table‟ S10 S20 S30 S40 Spine Switch FabricPath (FP) S100 S200 S300 Leaf Switch 1/1 1/2 Classical Ethernet (CE) A B CE Edge Ports  Interface connected to traditional network device  Sends/receives traffic in standard 802.3 Ethernet frame format  Participates in STP domain  Forwarding based on MAC table © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20
  • 20. Configuration Simplicity Automatically handled by IS-IS FabricPath V10 V20 V30 V30 V10 V20 V10 V30 V10 V20 V30 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21
  • 21. Multidestination traffic constrained to Root for Root for loop-free trees touching all FabricPath Tree 1 Tree 2 switches S10 S20 S30 S40 • Root switch assigned for each multidestination tree in FabricPath domain • Loop-free tree built from each Root and assigned a network-wide identifier (Ftag) FabricPath • Support for multiple multidestination S100 S101 S200 trees provides multipathing for multi- destination traffic Two trees supported in NX-OS release 5.1 S100 S20 S100 S10 S10 S101 S30 S40 S101 S20 Root S200 S40 Root S200 S30 Logical Logical Tree 1 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Tree 2 Cisco Confidential 22
  • 22. Multi-Topology Support FabricPath Topology „0‟ VLAN 20 (DC Wide) Common across entire Data Center FabricPath Topologies FabricPath FabricPath Topology Topology „1‟ „2‟ VLAN 20 – DC Wide VLAN 20 – DC Wide VLAN 30 – POD Local (and non-unique) VLAN 30 – POD Local (and non-unique) VLAN 10 – POD Local (and unique) VLAN 40 – POD Local (and unique) • Extending FabricPath to the edge switches without requiring a redesign of the VLAN topology • Each FP switch can have up to 2 Topology ID‟s defined (Topology ID‟s does not have to be unique). • Each Topology will have 2 Multi-Destination Trees defined © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 23
  • 23. Mac-in-Mac Header Classical Ethernet Frame DMAC SMAC 802.1Q Etype Payload CRC 16 bytes Original CE Frame Outer Outer FP Cisco FabricPath DA SA Tag DMAC SMAC 802.1Q Etype Payload CRC (new) Frame (48) (48) (32) 6 bits 1 1 2 bits 1 1 12 bits 8 bits 16 bits 16 bits 10 bits 6 bits OOO/DL RSVD Endnode ID Endnode ID Sub Etype U/L I/G Switch ID LID Ftag TTL (5:0) (7:6) Switch ID 0x8903 • Switch ID – Unique number identifying each FabricPath switch • Sub-Switch ID – Identifies devices/hosts connected via VPC+ • LID – Local ID, identifies the destination or source interface • Ftag (Forwarding tag) – Unique number identifying topology and/or distribution tree • TTL – Decremented at each switch hop to prevent frames looping infinitely © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 24
  • 24. Putting it all together – Host A to Host B (1) Broadcast ARP Request Root for Root for Multidestination Tree 1 Tree 2 Trees on Switch 10 S10 S20 S30 S40 4 Tree IF DA→FF Ftag → 1 po100,po200,po300 Ftag→1 po300 2 po100 SA→100.0.12 DA→FF DMAC→FF po100 po200 Ftag→1 SMAC→A SA→100.0.12 Multidestination Payload DMAC→FF Trees on Switch 100 po20 po30 po40 SMAC→A po10 po20 po30 3 Tree IF po40 po10 Payload Broadcast → 1 po10 S100 S200 Multidestination S300 2 po10,po20,po30,po40 Trees on Switch 300 5 Tree IF 6 FabricPath MAC Table on S100 DMAC→FF e1/13 Ftag → 1 po10,po20,po30,po40 e2/29 Payload SMAC→A 2 po40 MAC IF/SID SMAC→A DMAC→FF A e1/13 (local) 2 Payload FabricPath MAC A MAC B 1 MAC Table on S200 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. MAC IF/SID Cisco Confidential 25
  • 25. Putting it all together – Host A to Host B (1) Broadcast ARP Request • S100: S100# sh mac address-table dynamic Legend: * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link VLAN MAC Address Type age Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID MAC A learned as ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------ local entry on e1/13 * 10 0000.0000.000a dynamic 0 F F Eth1/13 S100# • S10 (and S20, S30, S40, S200, S300): S10# sh mac address-table dynamic MAC A not learned Legend: on other switches * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link VLAN MAC Address Type age Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------ © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 26
  • 26. (2) Broadcast ARP Reply Root for Root for Multidestination Tree 1 Tree 2 S10 S20 S30 S40 Trees on Switch 10 10 Tree IF Ftag → 1 po100,po200,po300 po300 2 po100 DA→MC1 DA→MC1 Ftag→1 Ftag→1 po100 po200 SA→300.0.64 SA→300.0.64 DMAC→A DMAC→A Multidestination SMAC→B Trees on Switch 100 SMAC→B po20 po30 po40 po10 po20 po30 Payload Payload 11 Tree IF po40 po10 Ftag → 1 po10 S200 Multidestination S300 2 po10,po20,po30,po40 Trees on Switch 300 9 Tree IF 7 FabricPath MAC Table on S100 Payload e1/13 Unknown → 1 po10,po20,po30,po40 e2/29 DMAC→A 2 po40 SMAC→B MAC IF/SID SMAC→B Payload A e1/13 (local) 12 DMAC→A MAC A FabricPath MAC Table on S300 MAC B B 300.0.64 (remote) MAC IF/SID 8 MISS © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. B e2/29 (local) Cisco Confidential 27
  • 27. Putting it all together – Host A to Host B MAC Address Table after the first ARP frame • S100: S100# sh mac address-table dynamic Legend: * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link VLAN MAC Address Type age Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------ S100 learns MAC B as * 10 0000.0000.000a dynamic 90 F F Eth1/13 remote entry reached 10 0000.0000.000b dynamic 60 F F 300.0.64 through S300 S100# • S300: S300# sh mac address-table dynamic Legend: * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link MAC B learned as VLAN MAC Address Type age Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID local entry on e2/29 ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------ • 10 0000.0000.000b dynamic 0 F F Eth2/29 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 28
  • 28. FabricPath Routing Table on S30 S10 S20 S30 S40 Switch IF … … S300 → S300 po300 16 po300 DA→300.0.64 DA→300.0.64 FabricPath Routing Ftag→1 Ftag→1 Table on S100 SA→100.0.12 SA→100.0.12 Switch IF DMAC→B DMAC→B S10 po10 SMAC→A SMAC→A po10 po20 po30 po20 po30 po40 S20 po20 Payload Payload Hash po40 po10 S30 po30 S40 po40 S200 FabricPath Routing S300 S100 po10, po20, Table on S300 S200 po30, po40 17 15 Switch IF po10, po20, … … S300 → e1/13 e2/29 S300 Payload po30, po40 S300 → S300 Use LID (64) SMAC→A DMAC→B FabricPath DMAC→B MAC Table on S100 SMAC→A FabricPath MAC A MAC B MAC IF/SID Payload MAC Table on S300 A e1/13 (local) 14 13 MAC IF/SID 18 A S100.0.12 (remote) B→ B 300.0.64 (remote) If DMAC is known, then B e2/29 (local) © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. learn remote MAC Cisco Confidential 29
  • 29. Putting it all together – Host A to Host B Unicast forwarding S100# sh mac address-table dynamic Legend: * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link VLAN MAC Address Type age Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------ * 10 0000.0000.000a dynamic 90 F F Eth1/13 10 0000.0000.000b dynamic 60 F F 300.0.64 S300# sh mac address-table dynamic Legend: * - primary entry, G - Gateway MAC, (R) - Routed MAC, O - Overlay MAC age - seconds since last seen,+ - primary entry using vPC Peer-Link VLAN MAC Address Type age Secure NTFY Ports/SWID.SSID.LID ---------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+----+------------------ S100 learns MAC A as remote entry reached 10 0000.0000.000a dynamic 30 F F 100.0.12 through S100 • 10 0000.0000.000b dynamic 90 F F Eth2/29 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 30
  • 30. Putting it all together – Host A to Host B Unicast Forwarding S100# sh fabricpath route FabricPath Unicast Route Table 'a/b/c' denotes ftag/switch-id/subswitch-id '[x/y]' denotes [admin distance/metric] ftag 0 is local ftag subswitch-id 0 is default subswitch-id Topology (ftag), Switch ID, Sub-Switch ID FabricPath Unicast Route Table for Topology-Default Administrative distance, routing metric 0/100/0, number of next-hops: 0 via ---- , [60/0], 0 day/s 04:43:51, local 1/10/0, number of next-hops: 1 Route age via Po10, [115/20], 0 day/s 02:24:02, isis_fabricpath-default 1/20/0, number of next-hops: 1 via Po20, [115/20], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default Client protocol 1/30/0, number of next-hops: 1 via Po30, [115/20], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default Next-hop interface(s) 1/40/0, number of next-hops: 1 via Po40, [115/20], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default FabricPath 1/200/0, number of next-hops: 4 via Po10, [115/40], 0 day/s 02:24:02, isis_fabricpath-default S10 S20 S30 S40 via Po20, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:06, isis_fabricpath-default via Po30, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:06, isis_fabricpath-default via Po40, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:06, isis_fabricpath-default po10 1/300/0, number of next-hops: 4 po20 via Po10, [115/40], 0 day/s 02:24:02, isis_fabricpath-default po30 po40 via Po20, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default S100 S200 S300 via Po30, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default via Po40, [115/40], 0 day/s 04:43:25, isis_fabricpath-default © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 31 A B C
  • 31. FabricPath Design STP Interaction FabricPath (no STP) FabricPath Classical Ethernet STP (STP) Domain STP Domain 1 BPDU ✖ STP BPDU Domain 2 CE Edge Ports  FabricPath domain appears as single Spanning-Tree bridge  All FabricPath bridges share a common (static) bridge ID Cisco reserved MAC c84c.75fa.6000  STP BPDUs are not carried through the FabricPath network  Configure all FabricPath edge switches using “spanning-tree vlan <x> root primary” (or manually configure bridge priority lower than any STP bridge) Each FabricPath edge switch must be the root for all connected STP domains Strongly recommended to use the same bridge priority on all FabricPath edge switches 32 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
  • 32. FabricPath L2/L3 Boundary Location Layer 3 Boundary at the Spine Layer 3 Integration at the Leaf/Edge  Straightforward with two spine switches  Provides a “cleaner” spine design  Considerations with more than two spines:  Traffic distributed equally across spines (no hot  HSRP: Traffic polarized to spines on a per VLAN basis spot) (South-North)  GLBP to distribute servers to different default gateways  Increased number of hops to reach gateway (latency)  Anycast FHRP future solution L3 FabricPath FabricPath L3 L3 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 33
  • 33. FabricPath L2/L3 Boundary Location Classic Two Switch Spine • Simplest migration from most existing designs L3 Domain • The spine is also used for routing with + MAC learning for M1/F1 in the same VDC L3 Switch-id based • Consideration – MAC Learning and Scaling edge/spine routed traffic forwarding s M1+F1 M1+F1 • Compared to classic ethernet designs you gain: Ease of configuration MAC address table increased scalability and more efficient learning Traffic distribution on all uplinks edge Possibility to offload the spine by providing direct communication paths between the edge layer devices […] Conversational Learning Conversational Learning © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 34
  • 34. FabricPath L2/L3 Boundary Location Leaf/Spine/Boundary Architecture L3 Domain • By separating the L3 function from the spine, the F1 card in L3 edge the spine performs pure switch- id forwarding M1/F1 M1/F1 FP port FP port • The L3 edge will need both M1/F1 in order to connect with Switch-id based Fabricpath ports to the spine spine spine forwarding • The M1/F1 L3 edge will need to perform learning for the remote mac addresses • L3 edge and spine can be combined in the same chassis by means of VDCs edge Conversational Conversational Learning © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Learning Cisco Confidential 35
  • 35. Nexus Edge, Core & Boundary Nodes Large Scale Fabric 4K VLAN’s, 128K MAC Address, 512K Routes blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade1 blade1 slot 1 slot 1 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 3 slot 3 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 blade2 slot 2 blade2 slot 2 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade4 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade3 blade3 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 slot 5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 blade6 slot 6 blade6 slot 6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 blade7 blade7 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 7 slot 7 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 blade8 slot 8 blade8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade1 blade1 slot 1 slot 1 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 3 slot 3 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 blade2 slot 2 blade2 slot 2 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade4 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade3 blade3 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 slot 5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 blade6 slot 6 blade6 slot 6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 blade7 blade7 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 7 slot 7 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 blade8 slot 8 blade8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 blade1 blade1 blade1 blade1 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade1 blade1 slot 1 slot 1 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 slot 3 slot 3 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 1 blade2 slot 1 blade2 blade2 slot 2 blade2 slot 2 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade4 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 2 blade3 slot 2 blade3 blade3 blade3 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 slot 5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 3 blade4 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 blade6 slot 6 blade6 slot 6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 4 blade5 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 blade7 blade7 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 5 blade6 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 6 blade7 slot 7 slot 7 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 slot 7 blade8 blade8 slot 8 blade8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 slot 8 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36
  • 36. Standards Based + Cisco Extensions • Nexus 5500, F1, F2 and all future HW are 3 Cisco Forwarding 0 3 TRILL Forwarding 0 1 1 capable of IETF Outer CDCE DA Outer MAC DA standards TRILL Outer CDCE DA Outer CDCE SA Outer MAC DA Outer MAC SA NextHop Outer CDCE SA Outer MAC SA Header • Support for TRILL in ET = DTAG FTAG TTL ET = 802.1Q Outer VLAN NX-OS is pending completion of Inner MAC DA ET = TRILL V/R/M, HopCnt TRILL extensions to the Inner MAC DA Inner MAC SA Egress RB Ingress RB Header baseline protocol Inner MAC SA Inner MAC DA ET = 802.1Q Inner VLAN Inner MAC DA Inner MAC SA Ethernet • Multi-topology, VRRP Header interaction, … Inner MAC SA Payload… ET = 802.1Q Inner VLAN Payload... © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 37
  • 37. Flexibility in the Fabric - Layer 2 Routing L3 Core L2+L3 FabricPath Core FabricPath POD vPC POD vPC+ POD vPC+ POD Path Fabric Site 1 FabricPath FabricPath FabricPath FabricPath Site 4 Site 2 Path Fabric Site 3 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 38
  • 38. Agenda  The Evolving Data Centre Fabric  FabricPath  VXLAN 1K Cisco Nexus x8  LISP 6  LISP Host Mobility  OTV LAN Extension  Mobility with Extended Subnets  Nexus Fabric © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 39
  • 39. • Customer Requirement Tenant Network Secure movement of vApps across cloud infrastructure (VLAN) • Solution: VXLAN vApp1 Web vApp2 Web VM VM Millions of dedicated LAN segments Security at Scale App App VM VM vApp mobility across data centers & clouds DB DB VM VM • VXLAN is network friendly Efficient load sharing of links (port channel) Supports NAT; better security controls VXLAN IETF Draft: http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-mahalingam-dutt-dcops-vxlan/ © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40