What is Lung Cancer? Lung Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells in one or both lungs of the body. Learn more about Lung Cancer from our website. For more information: www.cancertame.com Email us at: support@cancertame.com Read article at: https://www.cancertame.com/in/articles-list

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Lung cancer...
Lung cancer
Lung cancer diagnosis
Lung cancer staging
Lung cancer risk factors
Lung cancer symptoms
Lung cancer metastases

2. Lung Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells in
one or both lungs of the body. These abnormal
cells do not work as normal lung cells and divide
uncontrollably to form a tumor. Lung cancer is
one of the most common cancer in men than
women. It usually affects during 50 to 70 years
of age.
Lung Cancers are of two major types:
• Small cell lung cancer comprise about 25 per
cent of the lung cancer.
• Non-small cell lung cancer comprise about 75
per cent of the lung cancer.
Lung cancer

3. Lung cancer
Non-small cell lung cancer are further divided into:
• Adenocarcinoma usually forms near the edge of the lung and can involve the pleura and
membrane covering the lung.
• Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, also called epidermoid carcinoma, typically develops
in one of the air passages, or bronchi, of the lungs.
• Large cell carcinoma develops along the lungs' outer edges and spread to the pleura.
Large-cell carcinomas are rarer than adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma.
• Adenosquamous indicates a carcinoma showing components of adenocarcinoma and
squamous cell carcinoma i.e. Adenosquamous carcinoma is a type of cancer that contains
two types of cells: squamous cells and gland-like cells.

4. Lung cancer diagnosis
Biopsy
Chest X-rays
Broncho-
scopy
Mediastino-
scopy
CT-Scan
MRI

5. Small cell lung cancer staging
Recurrent small cell lung cancer is the one that reappears after an apparent recovery
in response to the initial treatment.
In limited stage of the small cell lung cancer, the tumour is located in one of the lungs
along with involvement of the regional lymph nodes.
In extensive stage of the small cell lung cancer, the tumour involves other tissues in
the chest or metastasises to distant parts of the body.

6. Non-small cell lung cancer staging
In stage I of non-small cell lung cancer, the tumour spreads within the lung.
In occult stage of the non-small cell type of lung cancer, the malignant cells are traced
in the sputum but tumour is not found in lungs.
In stage 0 of non-small cell lung cancer, tumour is located at one site within the lung.
In stage II of the non-small cell lung cancer, the tumour involves regional lymph
nodes.

7. Non-small cell lung cancer staging
In stage III of the non-small cell lung cancer, the tumour involves the chest wall; or
diaphragm; or lymph nodes in mediastinum; or lymph nodes in other side of chest; or
lymph nodes in neck. The stage III of the non-small cell lung cancer is further divided
into III-A, in which surgery is possible and III-B, in which surgery is not possible.
In stage IV, the non-small cell lung cancer metastasises to distant parts of the body.
Recurrent non-small cell lung cancer is one that reappears after an apparent recovery
in response to the initial treatment.

8. Non-smokers who inhale fumes from cigarette, cigar, and pipe
Cigarette, cigar and pipe smoking
Exposure to chemicals such as uranium, arsenic, vinyl chloride, nickel
chromates, coal products, mustard gas, chloromethyl ethers, gasoline, and
diesel exhaust.
Lung cancer risk factors
Lung scars & chronic obstructive airway disease may lead to lung cancer.

9. Radon, a naturally occurring radioactive gas formed in ground, is a major risk factor.
It is unclear if elevated radon levels contribute to lung cancer in non-smokers but it
does contribute to lung cancer in smokers & in people who regularly breathe high
amounts of gas at work such as miners
Miners, construction/shipyard workers, auto mechanics etc, are exposed to
asbestos, a mineral used in insulation, fireproofing materials, ceiling tiles,
automobile brake linings etc, have a higher risk of lung cancer
Lung cancer risk factors
Exposure to heavy metals, air pollutants, industrial toxins and ionising radiation

10. Unexplained hyponatremia (lower sodium levels in blood than normal), Lymphadenopathy
(Swollen lymph nodes) and hepatomegaly (Enlarged liver)
Lung cancer symptoms
Difficulty swallowing
Shortness of breath or
wheezing
Constant cough or coughing
up blood /mucus
Hoarseness of the voice
Chest pain/persistent chest
infection
Weight loss & Poor appetite

11. Lung cancer metastases
• Secondary cancers of the lung (the lung metastases) are metastasised to the lungs from
primary tumours in other parts of the body. Secondary lung cancers are quite common
because the entire cardiac output has to flow through the lungs.
• Many cancers metastasise to the lung by traveling through the vascular and the lymphatic
channels. Secondary cancers of the lung usually metastasise from primary cancers of the
kidney, testis, breast, cervix, colon, rectum, skin, soft tissue and the bone.
• Radiologically, the secondary lung cancers usually have a typical picture showing multiple
discrete nodules in the periphery of the lung parenchyma, which are scattered throughout
all the lobes of the lungs.
• Procedures used to diagnose & evaluate secondary lung cancer include X-rays, CT scan,
MRI, bronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy, and biopsy.

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