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Richtlijn psychomotore retardatie
(bijna) alles wordt anders!

Dr C.R. (Carsten) Lincke, kinderarts EAA
Erasmus MC Sophia Rotterdam
ESN – het achterblijvende kind / volwassene
5-11-2013

c.lincke@erasmusmc.nl
Geen / neen
verstandelijke beperking

terminologie
somethingold
somethingnew
alles wordt anders!
MR > ID
mentale retardatie

verstandelijke beperking
intellectualdisability
American Associationonon Mental
Retardation
(AAMR)

2006

American
AssociationonIntellectual&D
evelopmentalDisabilities
(AAIDD)

PUBMED

MeSH:
Mental retardation
>Intellectualdisability
Diagnostiek bij ontwikkelingsachterstand en verstandelijke beperking.
De noodzaak van een nieuwe richtlijn.
CR Lincke Praktische Pediatrie 2011/4
http://www.aaidd.org

NB: AAIDD was AAMR
PubmedMesh
somethingold
2005
NVK 2005

MR
IQ 70-80 licht
IQ 50-70 matig
IQ < 50 ernstig
NVK 2005
NVK 2005
MR met
bijz. kenmerken
Diagnostische opbrengst (2005)
etiologische diagnostiek bij ID
gemiddeld %

range %

chromosomaal
onderzoek (inclFra-X)

≈ 10

1,8 -48,5

metabool onderzoek

≈1

0.2-8,4

extra opbrengst
subtelomere FISH

≈5

4,4-6,7

totaal

15-20
somethingnew
• (karyotypering) >microarrays>exome-sequencing>whole
genome sequencing> (proteomics)
• creatinesynthese/transporterdefec
ten
• cholesterolbiosynthese (SLO)
• CDG

“1000 $ genome”
Genome scales

Whole genome
Exome = 1 %
mRNA

3 x 109bp (3000 Mb)
3 x 107 bp (30 MB)
500 – 4000 bp
Praktische Pediatrie 2011/4
GJ van Ommen
LUMC

HH Ropers
MPIMG - Berlin
Etiologie / Diagnostische opbrengst 2012 bij ernstige ID
(in theorie – volgens HH Ropers)
•
•
•

20% chromosomale rearrangementen
10% X-linked
1% metabool

•

50-60% defect onbekend
– dominante de novo mutaties
– polygene mutaties
– epigentische factoren

•

exogene factoren (Europa) relatief zeldzaam: C2H5OH, drugs, virus
HH Ropers, Farewell symposium prof Gert-Jan van Ommen
28-09-2012 LUMC
Het gaat hard!
2012 > 2013
Original Article

Diagnostic Exome Sequencing in Persons with
Severe Intellectual Disability
Joep de Ligt, M.Sc., Marjolein H. Willemsen, M.D., Bregje W.M. van
Bon, M.D., Ph.D., Tjitske Kleefstra, M.D., Ph.D., Helger G. Yntema, Ph.D.,
Thessa Kroes, B.Sc., Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, M.D., David A.
Koolen, M.D., Ph.D., Petra de Vries, B.Sc., Christian Gilissen, Ph.D., Marisol
del Rosario, B.Sc., Alexander Hoischen, Ph.D., Hans Scheffer, Ph.D., Bert
B.A. de Vries, M.D., Ph.D., Han G. Brunner, M.D., Ph.D., Joris A.
Veltman, Ph.D., and Lisenka E.L.M. Vissers, Ph.D.

N Engl J Med
Volume 367(20):1921-1929
November 15, 2012
Diagnostic Yield of Exome Sequencing in the Patients.

2012

16%

n = 100

24.000
variants per
patient !

de Ligt J et al. N Engl J Med 2012;367:1921-1929
Original Article

Clinical Whole-Exome Sequencing for the
Diagnosis of Mendelian Disorders
Yaping Yang, Ph.D., Donna M. Muzny, M.Sc., Jeffrey G. Reid, Ph.D., Matthew N.
Bainbridge, Ph.D., Alecia Willis, Ph.D., Patricia A. Ward, M.S., Alicia Braxton, M.S.,
Joke Beuten, Ph.D., Fan Xia, Ph.D., Zhiyv Niu, Ph.D., Matthew Hardison, Ph.D.,
Richard Person, Ph.D., Mir Reza Bekheirnia, M.D., Magalie S. Leduc, Ph.D., Amelia
Kirby, M.D., Peter Pham, M.Sc., Jennifer Scull, Ph.D., Min Wang, Ph.D., Yan Ding,
M.D., Sharon E. Plon, M.D., Ph.D., James R. Lupski, M.D., Ph.D., Arthur L. Beaudet,
M.D., Richard A. Gibbs, Ph.D., and Christine M. Eng, M.D.

2013

N Engl J Med
Volume 369(16):1502-1511
October 17, 2013
Inheritance Pattern and Medical Presentation of Patients with Established Molecular
Diagnosis.

Yang Y et al. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1502-1511
Etiologische diagnostiek bij
verstandelijke beperking
•

mentale retardatie > verstandelijke beperking

•

de NVK richtlijn uit 2005 is verouderd in terminologie en inhoud

•

de snelheid van introductie van nieuwe diagnostische technieken in de
klinische praktijk is moeilijk te voorspellen

•

dit zal ingrijpende gevolgen hebben op de diagnostische strategie
– micro-arrays en NGS als eerste lijnsdiagnostiek (firsttyer)
– metabool onderzoek / enzymologie in 2e instantie om functionele betekenis te onderzoeken

•

het is de vraag of een nieuwe richtlijn gemaakt met de methodologie van 2012
de ontwikkelingen kan volgen

•

dat kan vermoedelijk beter met expertise-netwerken tussen kinderartsen en
klinisch genetici waarin altijd toegang tot up-to-date kennis en diagnostiek
(bijna) alles wordt anders!
•

wat blijft?
het belang van documentatie en signalering van CB/JGZ en goed klinisch onderzoek en
indicatiestelling

•

veel genomische variatie van onduidelijke betekenis
– wie legt dat uit?
– hoe leggen we klinische correlaties? (databanken, bioinformatica, proteomics)

•

nieuwe richtlijn verstandelijke beperking is in ontwikkeling

c.lincke@erasmusmc.nl

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Richtlijn psychomotore retardatie - (bijna) alles wordt anders

  • 1. Richtlijn psychomotore retardatie (bijna) alles wordt anders! Dr C.R. (Carsten) Lincke, kinderarts EAA Erasmus MC Sophia Rotterdam ESN – het achterblijvende kind / volwassene 5-11-2013 c.lincke@erasmusmc.nl
  • 4. MR > ID mentale retardatie verstandelijke beperking intellectualdisability
  • 6. Diagnostiek bij ontwikkelingsachterstand en verstandelijke beperking. De noodzaak van een nieuwe richtlijn. CR Lincke Praktische Pediatrie 2011/4
  • 10. NVK 2005 MR IQ 70-80 licht IQ 50-70 matig IQ < 50 ernstig
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Diagnostische opbrengst (2005) etiologische diagnostiek bij ID gemiddeld % range % chromosomaal onderzoek (inclFra-X) ≈ 10 1,8 -48,5 metabool onderzoek ≈1 0.2-8,4 extra opbrengst subtelomere FISH ≈5 4,4-6,7 totaal 15-20
  • 16. somethingnew • (karyotypering) >microarrays>exome-sequencing>whole genome sequencing> (proteomics) • creatinesynthese/transporterdefec ten • cholesterolbiosynthese (SLO) • CDG “1000 $ genome”
  • 17. Genome scales Whole genome Exome = 1 % mRNA 3 x 109bp (3000 Mb) 3 x 107 bp (30 MB) 500 – 4000 bp
  • 18.
  • 20. GJ van Ommen LUMC HH Ropers MPIMG - Berlin
  • 21. Etiologie / Diagnostische opbrengst 2012 bij ernstige ID (in theorie – volgens HH Ropers) • • • 20% chromosomale rearrangementen 10% X-linked 1% metabool • 50-60% defect onbekend – dominante de novo mutaties – polygene mutaties – epigentische factoren • exogene factoren (Europa) relatief zeldzaam: C2H5OH, drugs, virus
  • 22. HH Ropers, Farewell symposium prof Gert-Jan van Ommen 28-09-2012 LUMC
  • 24. Original Article Diagnostic Exome Sequencing in Persons with Severe Intellectual Disability Joep de Ligt, M.Sc., Marjolein H. Willemsen, M.D., Bregje W.M. van Bon, M.D., Ph.D., Tjitske Kleefstra, M.D., Ph.D., Helger G. Yntema, Ph.D., Thessa Kroes, B.Sc., Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, M.D., David A. Koolen, M.D., Ph.D., Petra de Vries, B.Sc., Christian Gilissen, Ph.D., Marisol del Rosario, B.Sc., Alexander Hoischen, Ph.D., Hans Scheffer, Ph.D., Bert B.A. de Vries, M.D., Ph.D., Han G. Brunner, M.D., Ph.D., Joris A. Veltman, Ph.D., and Lisenka E.L.M. Vissers, Ph.D. N Engl J Med Volume 367(20):1921-1929 November 15, 2012
  • 25. Diagnostic Yield of Exome Sequencing in the Patients. 2012 16% n = 100 24.000 variants per patient ! de Ligt J et al. N Engl J Med 2012;367:1921-1929
  • 26. Original Article Clinical Whole-Exome Sequencing for the Diagnosis of Mendelian Disorders Yaping Yang, Ph.D., Donna M. Muzny, M.Sc., Jeffrey G. Reid, Ph.D., Matthew N. Bainbridge, Ph.D., Alecia Willis, Ph.D., Patricia A. Ward, M.S., Alicia Braxton, M.S., Joke Beuten, Ph.D., Fan Xia, Ph.D., Zhiyv Niu, Ph.D., Matthew Hardison, Ph.D., Richard Person, Ph.D., Mir Reza Bekheirnia, M.D., Magalie S. Leduc, Ph.D., Amelia Kirby, M.D., Peter Pham, M.Sc., Jennifer Scull, Ph.D., Min Wang, Ph.D., Yan Ding, M.D., Sharon E. Plon, M.D., Ph.D., James R. Lupski, M.D., Ph.D., Arthur L. Beaudet, M.D., Richard A. Gibbs, Ph.D., and Christine M. Eng, M.D. 2013 N Engl J Med Volume 369(16):1502-1511 October 17, 2013
  • 27. Inheritance Pattern and Medical Presentation of Patients with Established Molecular Diagnosis. Yang Y et al. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1502-1511
  • 28.
  • 29. Etiologische diagnostiek bij verstandelijke beperking • mentale retardatie > verstandelijke beperking • de NVK richtlijn uit 2005 is verouderd in terminologie en inhoud • de snelheid van introductie van nieuwe diagnostische technieken in de klinische praktijk is moeilijk te voorspellen • dit zal ingrijpende gevolgen hebben op de diagnostische strategie – micro-arrays en NGS als eerste lijnsdiagnostiek (firsttyer) – metabool onderzoek / enzymologie in 2e instantie om functionele betekenis te onderzoeken • het is de vraag of een nieuwe richtlijn gemaakt met de methodologie van 2012 de ontwikkelingen kan volgen • dat kan vermoedelijk beter met expertise-netwerken tussen kinderartsen en klinisch genetici waarin altijd toegang tot up-to-date kennis en diagnostiek
  • 30. (bijna) alles wordt anders! • wat blijft? het belang van documentatie en signalering van CB/JGZ en goed klinisch onderzoek en indicatiestelling • veel genomische variatie van onduidelijke betekenis – wie legt dat uit? – hoe leggen we klinische correlaties? (databanken, bioinformatica, proteomics) • nieuwe richtlijn verstandelijke beperking is in ontwikkeling c.lincke@erasmusmc.nl