The ASB Partnership for the Tropical Forest Margins (originally founded as Alternatives to Slash-and-Burn in 1994) is a global partnership of over 90 research institutions, universities, NGOs, community groups and farmer groups. ASB is currently focussed on reducing deforestation and emissions from land use change, including forestry and agriculture, while ensuring viable livelihoods and enhancing social and environmental co-benefits. This presentation gives an overview of the ASB benchmark sites and lessons learned from the process.
This presentation formed part of the CRP6 Sentinel Landscape planning workshop held on 30 September – 1 October 2011 at CIFOR’s headquarters in Bogor, Indonesia. Further information on CRP6 and Sentinel Landscapes can be accessed from http://www.cifor.org/crp6/ and http://www.cifor.org/fileadmin/subsites/crp/CRP6-Sentinel-Landscape-workplan_2011-2014.pdf respectively.
By Kate Lazarus. As part of a CPWF September 2011 workshop in Thailand regarding global drivers. We have divided driver types into five categories: 1. Demographic/Social, 2. Economic, 3. Political/Institutional/Legal, 4. Environmental/Climate change, 5. Technological/ Innovations
Mitigation strategy and the REDD: Application of the
GLOBIOM model to the Congo Basin region
Presented by Aline Mosnier at the AGRODEP Workshop on Analytical Tools for Climate Change Analysis
June 6-7, 2011 • Dakar, Senegal
For more information on the workshop or to see the latest version of this presentation visit: http://www.agrodep.org/first-annual-workshop
Mosnier - Impacts of improved transportation infrastructure on agricultural s...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Global forest land-use change from 1990 to 2005: Initial results from an FAO ...FAO
Results of a new study by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the world’s forest resources conducted using satellite imagery, which provides updated information on the extent and rate of global forest losses. The figures are based on the most comprehensive use yet of high-resolution satellite data to provide a sample of forests worldwide.
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) requires better monitoring, measurement and verification (MRV) to assess carbon and non-CO2 greenhouse gases. With REDD likely to evolve into a whole landscape accounting approach which includes Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses (AFOLU), reliable and cost efficient MRV across complex landscapes is becoming increasingly important.
Experts from the World Agroforestry Centre present four case studies that showcase work on measuring carbon in complex landscapes and agro- ecosystems with trees: Western Kenya; the Peruvian Amazon; the peatlands of West Kalimantan, Indonesia and the Africa Soil Information Service project. There are also insights about choosing the right tools and methods for different contexts, ensuring measurements are accurate, statistically relevant, and can be scaled up.
By Kate Lazarus. As part of a CPWF September 2011 workshop in Thailand regarding global drivers. We have divided driver types into five categories: 1. Demographic/Social, 2. Economic, 3. Political/Institutional/Legal, 4. Environmental/Climate change, 5. Technological/ Innovations
Mitigation strategy and the REDD: Application of the
GLOBIOM model to the Congo Basin region
Presented by Aline Mosnier at the AGRODEP Workshop on Analytical Tools for Climate Change Analysis
June 6-7, 2011 • Dakar, Senegal
For more information on the workshop or to see the latest version of this presentation visit: http://www.agrodep.org/first-annual-workshop
Mosnier - Impacts of improved transportation infrastructure on agricultural s...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Global forest land-use change from 1990 to 2005: Initial results from an FAO ...FAO
Results of a new study by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the world’s forest resources conducted using satellite imagery, which provides updated information on the extent and rate of global forest losses. The figures are based on the most comprehensive use yet of high-resolution satellite data to provide a sample of forests worldwide.
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) requires better monitoring, measurement and verification (MRV) to assess carbon and non-CO2 greenhouse gases. With REDD likely to evolve into a whole landscape accounting approach which includes Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses (AFOLU), reliable and cost efficient MRV across complex landscapes is becoming increasingly important.
Experts from the World Agroforestry Centre present four case studies that showcase work on measuring carbon in complex landscapes and agro- ecosystems with trees: Western Kenya; the Peruvian Amazon; the peatlands of West Kalimantan, Indonesia and the Africa Soil Information Service project. There are also insights about choosing the right tools and methods for different contexts, ensuring measurements are accurate, statistically relevant, and can be scaled up.
Alto Mayo Protected Forest REDD Initiative, PeruCIFOR-ICRAF
To measure the success of REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation), it is crucial to first set baseline emissions from which the reduction can be measured in each project or region. In this presentation, Fabiano Godoy from Conservation International shared experiences with applying the VCS VM0015 model in the Alto Mayo protected forest of Peru in order to set baseline emissions.
Fabiano Godoy gave this presentation on 8 March 2012 at a workshop organised by CIFOR, ‘Measurement, Reporting and Verification in Latin American REDD+ Projects’, held in Petropolis, Brazil. Credible baseline setting and accurate and transparent Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) of results are key conditions for successful REDD+ projects. The workshop aimed to explore important advances, challenges, pitfalls, and innovations in REDD+ methods — thereby moving towards overcoming barriers to meeting MRV requirements at REDD+ project sites in two of the Amazon’s most important REDD+ candidate countries, Peru and Brazil. For further information about the workshop, please contact Shijo Joseph via s.joseph (at) cgiar.org
We explore methodologies that allow conclusions to be drawn from the large Poverty Environment Network (PEN) dataset. First, we characterize the diverse parts of the tropics in terms of factors that influence forest resources, access and livelihoods. Secondly, for the conclusions drawn from the site-based analysis to be useful for roader policy recommendations, we need to know the extrapolation domains. We compared the characteristics of landscapes where PEN studies took place with overall tropical landscapes, and those of PEN villages with 'random' villages. Both methods rely on variables derived from global data sets using spatial analysis. Thirdly, we study the relationships of livelihoods and forests using multilevel regression analysis. Our study suggests that for global comparative analysis, it is necessary to identify the overall variation of the system of interest, to define the extrapolation domain of the samples/study sites, and to address relationships that by nature involve multiple scale processes. Available global data set, advances in spatial techniques and relatively cheap computer storage and computational power allow such analysis to be done, adding value through global comparative analysis of the interesting site-level findings.
Forest and tree ecosystem services for adaptation: six storiesCIFOR-ICRAF
Ecosystems such as forests produce services that could have a significant role in reducing human vulnerability to climate variability and change. Using case studies from around the world, this presentation explores six different ways that forests and trees serve in helping humans to adapt.
This presentation was given on 7 September 2012 at the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Jeju, South Korea, during a session titled 'Building resilience to climate change through ecosystem-based adaptation'. It was also presented on 15 June 2012 at ‘Ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation: from concept to action’, an event held during Rio+20.
2012 ASPRS Track, Forest cover loss in Papua New Guinea: How much does subsis...GIS in the Rockies
Deforestation rates in Papua New Guinea (PNG) are more rapid than the Brazilian Amazon. This high rate of forest degradation and loss largely impacts scientific understanding of biodiversity in PNG. While many factors have been linked to deforestation and land degradation in PNG, the relationship between agricultural practices and deforestation have not been fully examined. The effects of agricultural expansion have been overestimated in some areas due to population growth, the negative perception of swidden agriculture (slash-and-burn), and difficulties in discerning agriculture from logged areas in aerial imagery. To examine how swidden agricultural strategies contribute to land cover changes a coastal village was selected. This village, Kamiali, has thwarted logging industry advances and maintained primary forest cover. To assess agricultural and land use changes participatory research was conducted and responses were linked to land cover change via aerial imagery.
Temporal analyses of satellite imagery revealed that cultivated area in Kamiali has increased by 9% between 1992 and 2010 despite an estimated population growth of 63%. Thus, agricultural strategies other than expansion were employed to sustain the population. Interviews supported intensification strategies, which included 1) shortened fallows, 2) an increase in crops planted per area, and 3) new cultivar and crop introductions. The intensification was supported with brightness-wetness index, a tasseled cap band subtraction analysis. Image differencing then suggested a temporal increase in crop coverage and density. These results show that subsistence agriculture has influenced land cover changes, but has not been a major contributor to deforestation rates in Kamiali.
Sasumua: linking a landscape and institutional mosaic to climate change in KenyaCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Meine van Noordwijk & Thomas Yatich, ICRAF
Landscape approaches to mitigation and adaptation, Forest Day 3
Sunday, 13 December 2009
Copenhagen, Denmark
3R Environmental considerations
SUSWA K-Ex, Kajiado, 31 October 2012
Luuk Fleskens
Water source site management
Wider environmental management
Resource use patterns
Diversification of sources and uses
Alto Mayo Protected Forest REDD Initiative, PeruCIFOR-ICRAF
To measure the success of REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation), it is crucial to first set baseline emissions from which the reduction can be measured in each project or region. In this presentation, Fabiano Godoy from Conservation International shared experiences with applying the VCS VM0015 model in the Alto Mayo protected forest of Peru in order to set baseline emissions.
Fabiano Godoy gave this presentation on 8 March 2012 at a workshop organised by CIFOR, ‘Measurement, Reporting and Verification in Latin American REDD+ Projects’, held in Petropolis, Brazil. Credible baseline setting and accurate and transparent Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) of results are key conditions for successful REDD+ projects. The workshop aimed to explore important advances, challenges, pitfalls, and innovations in REDD+ methods — thereby moving towards overcoming barriers to meeting MRV requirements at REDD+ project sites in two of the Amazon’s most important REDD+ candidate countries, Peru and Brazil. For further information about the workshop, please contact Shijo Joseph via s.joseph (at) cgiar.org
We explore methodologies that allow conclusions to be drawn from the large Poverty Environment Network (PEN) dataset. First, we characterize the diverse parts of the tropics in terms of factors that influence forest resources, access and livelihoods. Secondly, for the conclusions drawn from the site-based analysis to be useful for roader policy recommendations, we need to know the extrapolation domains. We compared the characteristics of landscapes where PEN studies took place with overall tropical landscapes, and those of PEN villages with 'random' villages. Both methods rely on variables derived from global data sets using spatial analysis. Thirdly, we study the relationships of livelihoods and forests using multilevel regression analysis. Our study suggests that for global comparative analysis, it is necessary to identify the overall variation of the system of interest, to define the extrapolation domain of the samples/study sites, and to address relationships that by nature involve multiple scale processes. Available global data set, advances in spatial techniques and relatively cheap computer storage and computational power allow such analysis to be done, adding value through global comparative analysis of the interesting site-level findings.
Forest and tree ecosystem services for adaptation: six storiesCIFOR-ICRAF
Ecosystems such as forests produce services that could have a significant role in reducing human vulnerability to climate variability and change. Using case studies from around the world, this presentation explores six different ways that forests and trees serve in helping humans to adapt.
This presentation was given on 7 September 2012 at the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Jeju, South Korea, during a session titled 'Building resilience to climate change through ecosystem-based adaptation'. It was also presented on 15 June 2012 at ‘Ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation: from concept to action’, an event held during Rio+20.
2012 ASPRS Track, Forest cover loss in Papua New Guinea: How much does subsis...GIS in the Rockies
Deforestation rates in Papua New Guinea (PNG) are more rapid than the Brazilian Amazon. This high rate of forest degradation and loss largely impacts scientific understanding of biodiversity in PNG. While many factors have been linked to deforestation and land degradation in PNG, the relationship between agricultural practices and deforestation have not been fully examined. The effects of agricultural expansion have been overestimated in some areas due to population growth, the negative perception of swidden agriculture (slash-and-burn), and difficulties in discerning agriculture from logged areas in aerial imagery. To examine how swidden agricultural strategies contribute to land cover changes a coastal village was selected. This village, Kamiali, has thwarted logging industry advances and maintained primary forest cover. To assess agricultural and land use changes participatory research was conducted and responses were linked to land cover change via aerial imagery.
Temporal analyses of satellite imagery revealed that cultivated area in Kamiali has increased by 9% between 1992 and 2010 despite an estimated population growth of 63%. Thus, agricultural strategies other than expansion were employed to sustain the population. Interviews supported intensification strategies, which included 1) shortened fallows, 2) an increase in crops planted per area, and 3) new cultivar and crop introductions. The intensification was supported with brightness-wetness index, a tasseled cap band subtraction analysis. Image differencing then suggested a temporal increase in crop coverage and density. These results show that subsistence agriculture has influenced land cover changes, but has not been a major contributor to deforestation rates in Kamiali.
Sasumua: linking a landscape and institutional mosaic to climate change in KenyaCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Meine van Noordwijk & Thomas Yatich, ICRAF
Landscape approaches to mitigation and adaptation, Forest Day 3
Sunday, 13 December 2009
Copenhagen, Denmark
3R Environmental considerations
SUSWA K-Ex, Kajiado, 31 October 2012
Luuk Fleskens
Water source site management
Wider environmental management
Resource use patterns
Diversification of sources and uses
Ecosystems Management Landscape Approaches for Mitigation and Adaptation in t...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Robert Zomer, International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development
Landscape approaches to mitigation and adaptation, Forest Day 3
Sunday, 13 December 2009
Copenhagen, Denmark
Presentation by Dr. Meine van Noordwijk, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) at Forest Day 3, 13 December 2009, Copenhagen. Learning event "Landscape approaches to Adaptation and Mitigation"
Similar to The ASB Partnership for the Tropical Forest Margins: Benchmark Sites Experience (15)
Mejorando la estimación de emisiones GEI conversión bosque degradado a planta...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Kristell Hergoualc'h (Scientist, CIFOR-ICRAF) at Workshop “Lecciones para el monitoreo transparente: Experiencias de la Amazonia peruana” on 7 Mei 2024 in Lima, Peru.
Inclusión y transparencia como clave del éxito para el mecanismo de transfere...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Lauren Cooper and Rowenn Kalman (Michigan State University) at Workshop “Lecciones para el monitoreo transparente: Experiencias de la Amazonia peruana” on 7 Mei 2024 in Lima, Peru.
Avances de Perú con relación al marco de transparencia del Acuerdo de ParísCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Berioska Quispe Estrada (Directora General de Cambio Climático y Desertificación) at Workshop “Lecciones para el monitoreo transparente: Experiencias de la Amazonia peruana” on 7 Mei 2024 in Lima, Peru.
Land tenure and forest landscape restoration in Cameroon and MadagascarCIFOR-ICRAF
FLR is an adaptive process that brings people (including women, men, youth, local and indigenous communities) together to identify, negotiate and implement practices that restore and enhance ecological and social functionality of forest landscapes that have been deforested or degraded.
ReSI-NoC - Strategie de mise en oeuvre.pdfCIFOR-ICRAF
Re nforcer les S ystèmes d’ I nnovations
agrosylvopastorales économiquement
rentables, écologiquement durables et
socialement équitables dans la région du
No rd C ameroun
ReSI-NoC: Introduction au contexte du projetCIFOR-ICRAF
Renforcer les systèmes d’innovation agricole en vue de
promouvoir des systèmes de production agricole et
d’élevage économiquement rentables, écologiquement
durables et socialement équitables dans la région du
Nord au Cameroun (ReSI-NoC)
Renforcer les Systèmes d’Innovations agrosylvopastorales économiquement renta...CIFOR-ICRAF
Renforcer les Systèmes d’Innovations agrosylvopastorales économiquement rentables, écologiquement durables et socialement équitables dans la région du
Nord Cameroun
Introducing Blue Carbon Deck seeking for actionable partnershipsCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Daniel Murdiyarso (Principal Scientist, CIFOR-ICRAF) at the "Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems: Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda" event in Bogor, 29 April 2024.
A Wide Range of Eco System Services with MangrovesCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Mihyun Seol and Himlal Baral (CIFOR-ICRAF) at the "Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems: Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda" event in Bogor, 29 April 2024.
Presented by Citra Gilang (Research Consultant, CIFOR-ICRAF) at the "Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems: Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda" event in Bogor, 29 April 2024.
Peat land Restoration Project in HLG LonderangCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Hyoung Gyun Kim (Korea–Indonesia Forest Cooperation Center) at the "Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems: Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda" event in Bogor, 29 April 2024.
Sungsang Mangrove Restoration and Ecotourism (SMART): A participatory action ...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Beni Okarda (Senior Research Officer, CIFOR-ICRAF) at the "Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems: Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda" event in Bogor, 29 April 2024.
Coastal and mangrove vulnerability assessment In the Northern Coast of Java, ...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Phidju Marrin Sagala (Research Consultant, CIFOR-ICRAF) at the "Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems: Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda" event in Bogor, 29 April 2024.
Carbon Stock Assessment in Banten Province and Demak, Central Java, IndonesiaCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Milkah Royna (Student Intern, CIFOR-ICRAF) at the "Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems: Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda" event in Bogor, 29 April 2024.
Cooperative Mangrove Project: Introduction, Scope, and PerspectivesCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Bora Lee (Warm-Temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center, NIFoS Jeju, Republic of Korea) at the "Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems: Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda" event in Bogor, 29 April 2024.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The ASB Partnership for the Tropical Forest Margins: Benchmark Sites Experience
1. The ASB Partnership for the
Tropical Forest Margins
Benchmark Sites Experience
Peter A Minang, Meine van Noordwijk & Glenn Hyman
CRP6 MEETING, 30 SEPTEMBER 2011,
BOGOR, INDONESIA
2. 10% TREE cover in
agricultural lands…
Enough to qualify as
forest?
Meadow 1996 2006 Fallow
XP 2011 Vineyard
Land cover
change….
3101 Fremont Drive, Sonoma,
California, United States
3. Purpose of ASB Benchmark
sites (A mix of objectives)
• Understanding of key issues
• Cross-site comparison
• Observation
• Technology transfer for impact (But this did
not quite happen as funds ran short )
4. Key Issues
• Reducing
deforestation and
forest degradation
• Reducing Emissions
from All Land Use
(REALU)
• Trade-offs at Forest
Agriculture
interface …..
5. Site locations
Chiang Mai,
Ucayali, Thailand
Peru
Southern
Cameroon Jambi /Lampung,
Western Amazon,
Indonesia
Brazil
6. Criteria for ASB Benchmark sites (I)
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest Biome
HIGH EXTRAPOLATION POTENTIAL: PANTROPIC PROBLEM DOMAIN
HIGH INTERPOLATION POTENTIAL?
INDOMALAY
AFROTROPICAL
NEOTROPICAL
AUSTRALASIA
Terrestrial Forest Biomes
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Tropical and Subtropical Dry and Monsoon Broadleaf Forests
1000 0 1000 2000 Kilometers Focus area
Dividing line between humid and subhumid tropics
Source: WWF Global 200 Ecoregions (WWF 2001).
#
S ASB site locations
Notes: The Biomes displayed are only forest biomes that
are present in the warm humid and subhumid tropics.
7. Criteria for Choice of ASB Benchmarks (II)
Representation of Biome types
SITE BIOME
Sumatran (Jambi and lampung), Equatorial rainforests of the
Indonesia Indonesian and Malaysian
archipelago.
Claveria and Lantapan, Philippines Moonsoonal forests
Pedro Peixoto, Acre and Amazon
Theobroma, Rondônia Western
Brazil
Southern Cameroon Congo Basin
Ma Chaem watershed, Chiang Mai, Subtropical hill forests of
Thailand mainland mountain Southeast Asia
found in Thailand, Myanmar, Laos,
Vietnam, and southern China.
8. Criteria for Choice of ASB
Benchmarks (II)
• DOMAIN SIMILARITY VALUE (Multiple
Criteria- Largely bio-physical determinants
of plant growth)
• elevation, potential evapotranspiration, total
annual precipitation, precipitation in the driest
month, precipitation range, minimum average
monthly temperature, and maximum average
monthly temperature (Gillison 2000).
• Using domain potential mapping procedure
(Carpenter et al., 1993)
10. Criteria for Choice of ASB Benchmarks (III)
Range of Socio-Economic Conditions
A range of socio-economic conditions
under which deforestation occurs
• Some Examples:
• Western Brazilian Amazon encompasses two
colonization, and areas along the BR-362 highway
• Cameroon, Congo Basin – low but increasing
population density and traditional indigenous
slash-and-burn practices
• Relatively High Population Density and migration
dynamic in Jambi and
11. Criteria for Choice of ASB Benchmarks
(IV) Partnership and infrastructure
• Working partnership in sites
• Long term perspective of partnership (often including a
local and national partner involved)
• Ensures multiple perspectives / roles / skills
• Access
14. Specific Characteristics
• Gradients within sites: Land Use, agro-ecology
and Population Density = useful for capturing
dynamics
• Examples:
• Population and land use gradients in Cameroon Site
• Broad gradient from primary forests in the Jambi
area to degraded Imperata grasslands in Lampung
Province, including both indigenous farmers and
colonization projects as well as large-scale
plantations and logging companies
15. Cameroon- Site Gradients
FROM RELATIVELY INTENSE MARKET GARDENING IN HIGH
DENSITY AREAS TO FOREST IN LOW DENSITY AREAS
20. Multiple-scale (nesting)/ The
relevance of the question….
• Now 5 Million ha in
• Started out in ASB as
Cameroon looking at
a 10km x 20km
deforestation drivers
• -40- 80000ha ( in at sub-national level
four blocks in Jambi;
• In Tanjabar ( Tanjung
80000ha in Chiang
Jabung Barat District
Mai
looking at district
• Broadened to 1.5 M level planning
ha for landscape Scenarios of REALU
type interaction (Reduced Emissions
questions from all Land Use)
500k ha
21. Expect Surprises – therefore
be flexible(i)
• Despite • You can often stitch
methodological up data of different
harmonization, data periods to have an
quality can still be impact story from
varied different projects as
• Funding challenges long as methods
long term can match- e.g. ASB h/h
disrupt plans ( I.e. surveys in Ucayali,
technology aspects Peru and RAVA data
of ASB not financed (though not
for long time planned
22. Expect Surprises, hence be
flexible (ii)
• Jambi was chosen
to be more towards
left of curve, but in
a short time moved
more to the right
(Mining becoming
more important due
to change in
government;
emergence of oil
palm)
23. Expect Surprises, hence be
flexible (iii)
• Vietnam added to
enable
understanding of
extreme left hand
side of the forest
transition curve
(which was of
course not very
prominent at
inception of ASB)