Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
12. Some features of the study sites Sunday, November 6, 2011 Mowo et al. 2011 Ginchi Ethiopia (Galessa) Areka – Ethiopia (Gununo) Lushoto –Tanzania (Baga) Altitude (m. a.s.l) > 2200 1800 - 2600 1100 - 1400 Rainfall (mm) > 1100 1330 800-1700 Population density 100 - 200 > 400 200 - 300 Enterprises Barley, round potato, wheat Enset, wheat, barley horticulture Maize, banana, horticulture Forests / woodlots Few Medium Medium - High Irrigation None None Seasonal Markets Medium Limited Medium - Good
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14. Ranking of watershed constraints: Average for the watersheds Findings Watershed issue Group ranking Rank Baga Watershed, Lushoto (Tanzania) (n = 72) Poor water quality Upslope farmers, high income, youth 1 Declining water quantity All 2 Declining irrigation water High income, men, youth 3 -Ve effects of boundary trees High income 4 Galessa Watershed, Ginchi (Ethiopia) (n = 36) Loss of indigenous tree species All 1 Poor water quality All 2 Land shortage Youth, women 3 Declining soil fertility All 4 Gununo Watershed, Areka (Ethiopia) (n = 8) Domestic water All 1 Shortage of rainfall All 2 Land shortage All 3 Burden of plowing All 4
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16. Time (minutes) spent in collecting water before and after intervention (Baga Watershed, Lushoto) Sunday, November 6, 2011 Mowo et al. 2011 Water borne diseases dropped by 71 % in 1 year Benefits & Spin offs