Tuberculosis Is An Infectious Disease Essay

Tuberculosis Is An Infectious Disease Essay
Ministries of Health, states there is still an increase of number of cases of tuberculosis diagnosed each year in New Zealand, approximately 300 cases.
Tuberculosis is known to be one of the oldest disease among humans and today is one of the leading causes infection and death in adults. According to
the World Health Organization (WHO, 2016) about one–third of the world's population is suffering with this disease at present even though there are
vaccine widely available. Though there is still a high morbidity rate in some countries every year. Africa, Western and Southeast Asia are the most
affected areas, making approximately 86 percent of tuberculosis cases in the world.
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a contagious infection that begins in the lungs
and rapidly pass to other organs in the body including the kidneys, brain and bones. According to (WHO, 2016) nearly one third of the world's
population have tuberculosis, furthermore, approximately two million people die from the disease worldwide. Tuberculosis is spread by inhaling
airborne droplets from an infected person. These airborne particles come from the infected person by sneezing, coughing or laughing. Tuberculosis
cannot spread, from touching a doorknob after a person with tuberculosis have touch it. Most infectious do not have symptoms, known as latent
tuberculosis approximately one in ten latent infections eventually develops latent disease
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US Tuberculosis Essay
Introduction For many people in the U.S. tuberculosis represents a disease process that one rarely sees. For this reason the reality of tuberculosis
outside of the U.S. can easily be lost. CDC statistics report that approximately one third of the world 's population is infected with tuberculosis.1 This
can be a sobering statistic for an individual wholly removed from the idea that tuberculosis, abbreviated TB, remains a prominent disease process
throughout much of the world. The objective will be to provide not just an informative description of the disease, it 's etiology, clinical manifestations,
treatments, and prognosis, but also to provide a reminder that tuberculosis retains a significant presence in the world despite the early...show more
content...
Although not typical these other areas include but are not limited to the spinal cord, which is more commonly seen in developing countries, the brain,
and joints.3, 1 Several factors are responsible for whether an individual will develop infectious, or active TB rather than settle into the latent form.
Typically this involves exposure directly to the infectious form of TB that then further develops in the new host.3 Other cases involve individual risk
factors that increase susceptibility due to a weakened or compromised immune system; these include old age, cancer, immunosuppressant drugs, and
chronic infections including autoimmune diseases such as HIV.3
Clinical

Effects Of Tuberculosis In The Victorian Era
Tuberculosis in the Victorian Era
Tuberculosis has been one of the most fatal diseases since the beginning of history. However, it was especially dangerous during the Victorian Era. All
Victorians experienced the distress of tuberculosis in some way, making it a tremendous problem for society at the time. The eternal search for an
effective, absolute cure of this dreaded disease has lasted for centuries, from the Ancient Egyptians on the Nile, to modern times. Nevertheless, several
crucial leaps were made in the medical field during the Victorian Era that helped to curb the toll of tuberculosis on society.
Tuberculosis is a potentially lethal, contagious disease, mainly caused by a bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or Mtb. This...show more
content...
Tuberculosis is spread from person to person through droplet infection. In other words, when an active victim coughs, they eject millions of tiny
infected aerosol droplets of sputum into the air, and when another person breathes in the Mtb, the bacteria nestle in the lungs, make themselves at
home, and immediately begin multiplying. Contrary to popular belief, although tuberculosis is contagious, it is not as highly contagious as compared
to other infectious diseases. Around one in three close contacts, mainly immediate family and intimate friends, and one in ten remote contacts of an
infected individual, consequently became infected as well, through exposure to contaminated air (Tuberculosis). This nature of tuberculosis often
caused tragedies in households, killing off entire families at a time, since the most frequent visitors were

Tuberculosis : Tuberculosis And Tuberculosis
TUBERCULOSIS
Tuberculosis, commonly known as TB is a disease that has seen its prevalence not only in developing countries but also in developed nations. It has
such a detrimental effect that it has seen an increased mortality in the past few years and it's the leading cause of death in people with HIV. A report
by CDC (2015) states that in 2014 the disease infected a third of the world; 9.6 million people around the world were diagnosed with TB disease with
1.5 million deaths worldwide (Tuberculosis, 2015).
Definition
"TB is a contagious and often severe airborne disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) bacteria. TB typically affects the
lungs, but it can also affect any other organ of the body,"(tuberculosis, 2015). Tb can be classified as either latent or active. TB is called latent when
a person has the Tb bacteria but does not feel sick. This person cannot spread the bacteria but it does increase the chance that they will be diagnosed
with active TB if they become immunocompromised. Active TB displays full blows signs and symptoms of TB and can be spread to other people
through droplets in the air.
Mode of Transmission
"Tuberculosis is transmitted from person–to–person mainly by airborne particles known as droplet nuclei expelled by infected individuals when
coughing or sneezing. The lower respiratory is usually the portal of entry thus making the lungs the major site of infection.
Indirect transmission of tuberculosis can occur by contact

Tuberculosis ( Tb ), A Communicable Disease
This paper will address the description of Tuberculosis (TB), a communicable disease, the determinants of health and how these factors contribute to the
development of this disease, the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to Tuberculosis, the role of the community health nurse and how one national
agency contributes to resolving or reducing the impact of this disease.
"Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious and an often severe airborne disease caused by bacterial infection. TB is transmitted from an infected person to a
susceptible person in airborne particles, called droplet nuclei, through the air usually through sneezing, coughing, spitting and singing. This bacterium
usually attacks the lungs, but it also may affect any part of the body such as the kidney, spine and brain. Not everyone infected with TB bacteria
becomes sick. As a result there are two TB– related conditions that exist; latent TB infection and TB disease. The latent TB does not cause any
symptoms because the bacterium situated in the lungs is inactive. People can have latent TB for weeks or even years before developing active TB.
If this disease is not treated properly, it can be fatal. The symptoms of TB disease depend on where in the body the TB bacteria are growing.
Pulmonary TB is the most common and the symptoms are a bad cough that lasts for 3 weeks or longer, chest pain, blood discharge while coughing,
weakness or fatigue, weight loss, no appetite, chills, fever and sweating at night" (CDC, 2016).

Tuberculosis : A Infectious Disease Essay
Tuberculosis; often referred to as the silent killer, is a highly infectious disease that is contracted annually by 9.3 million individuals globally, and
causes 1.8 million deaths. It's high mortality rate led to the formation of the American Lung Association in the United States in 1904, after it was
declared the leading cause of death during the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. The origin oftuberculosis is not certain; the first
documented deaths were recorded in ancient Egypt and Greece, when it was known fittingly as "consumption", coined for of its all–consuming nature.
Today, tuberculosis is more of a problem in developing countries, but is still a threat in the United States. To take preventative measures to avoid
contracting this deadly disease it is important to know the causes, life–cycle, how its diagnosed, interactions with the immune system, and public health
actions to reduce risk of infection.Tuberculosis is a facultative intercellular bacterial parasite caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Mycobacteria are rod shaped in appearance and is a gram–positive bacterium. One characteristic unique to Mycobacteria is the addition to an extra
layer beyond the thick peptidoglycan cell wall that is composed of lipids and polysaccharides; this gives M. tuberculosis a unique envelope that makes
the cell have low permeability (advantage against the immune system). M. Tuberculosis doubles it's population every 18–24 hours, which is considered

Informative Essay On Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that affects a persons lungs and has the ability to be life threatening. The bacteria that causes TB is known as
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) (https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/). The TB bacteria is spread from person to person when an infected person
coughs or sneezes and minute droplets enter the air. Approximately one third of people throughout the world have latent TB
(http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/). Individuals that have latent TB should be treated, which will decrease the spread of the
disease (http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases–conditions/tuberculosis/home/ovc–20188556).
When a person has latent TB this indicates that they have acquired the TB germ but do not...show more content...
They usually have to take several antibiotics at one time, such as "isoniazid (INH), rifampin RIF), ethambutol (EMB), and pyrazinamide (PZA)
every day for a minimum of six months. The person must adhere to this strict regime because if they stop the course of treatment the bacteria will
continue to multiple in their body. Furthermore, when the medication is restarted it will require them to take it for a longer period of time in order
for them to improve. However, this will put them at risk for the medication to become resistant to the bacteria. When the patient becomes resistant to
the medication the physician has to start different medications and the patient must take them for a longer period of time and generally the side
effects are more severe (https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/faqs/pdfs/qa.pdf). The best method to treat individuals with active TB is by utilizing the
DOT method. By using the DOT method the person may only have to take the medication a few time a week as opposed to taking it daily. The health
care worker will visit the individual at their home which will ensure treatment is being adhered to and the bacteria is contained. The health care
worker can also monitor for any side effects and make sure that the patient has follow up care with the physician until the person is cured from

Tuberculosis Essay
Tuberculosis
Forms of tuberculosis have been present in the human population since ancient times. Fragments of spinal columns from Egyptian mummies dating
back to 2400 BC show definite pathological signs of tubercular decay. Around 460 BC Hippocrates wrote on the subject of a disease which we now
know as tuberculosis. In his article he warned his colleagues against visiting cases in the late stages of the disease, because the patient's inevitable death
might damage the reputations of the attending physicians. The world's population remained totally defenseless to the lethal effects of tuberculosis for
thousands of years. Then, around the 17th century scientists began to hypothesize about the nature of the disease and began to...show more content...
Marten's insight proved to be another enormous step towards the understanding and prevention of tuberculosis. In the 19th century Hermann Brehmer,
a Silesian botany student whom was suffering from tuberculosis, was instructed by his physician to move to a healthier climate. Brehmer traveled to
the Himalayan mountains mainly to pursue his botanical studies. What he didn't know at the time was that this journey would be attributed to curing
his disease. When Brehmer returned home he began to study medicine. In 1854, he wrote his dissertation titled, "Tuberculosis is a Curable Disease."
He hypothesized that his recovery was directly related to the healthier environment found in the Himalayan mountains. Brehmer built an institution in
Gorbersdorf where his patients received a nutritious diet and spent great amounts of time on their balconies where they were exposed to continuous
fresh air. This clinic was the first step towards the development of a sanatorium. Sanatoria, could now be found throughout Europe and the United
States. A sanatorium provided two functions. They isolated the ill from the rest of the public while enforcing rest and a healthy diet. Tuberculosis is
caused by an organism called Mycobacterium

Tuberculosis And Its Effects On Society Essay
Tuberculosis is one of the many diseases to which is attributed less attention than it deserves. The media consistently assures we hear about health
issues such as Ebola and AIDS, but tuberculosis affects a great part of the word and has done so for decades. Sadly, as a result of the little light shone
on the problem, the existing means of informing the public are not ideal, being either traumatizing to the audience or not emphasizing the severity of
the issue to the proper degree. To do my part to bring proper awareness totuberculosis as well as the injustice surrounding its treatment in various parts
of the world, I decided to create a musical piece consisting of two tracks, one representing the progression of TB in a person in Peru and the other
representing the progression of TB in a person in the United States. This would connect the biology of TB through its symptoms, demonstrating how it
affects the body, the field of art, as it is represented using music, and social justice, as it attempts to bring attention to the unequal opportunities for
proper treatment available to individuals living in different regions. This interest in tuberculosis and the unequal opportunities available to individuals
with tuberculosis stems from watching a documentary entitled "An Incurable TB?" that explored the impact of tuberculosis in Peru. In the video, two
American doctors, Paul Farmer and Jim Yong Kim, grew concerned about the situation and eventually began to smuggle drugs into

Tuberculosis Prevention Essay
Tuberculosis Prevention
There are several ways to prevent tuberculosis. One is to control existing infections from those infected including people, pets, and cows. Unfortunately,
more than 1/3 of the population has tuberculosis, making it hard to contain every case of tuberculosis. The BCG vaccine exists, but it is not very
useful in countries like the US. The body's defenses against tuberculosis are effective but fail once the immune system becomes suppressed. Antibiotics
can be used to help prevent tuberculosis, but tuberculosis quickly grows resistant to antibiotics. Much needed research is being done to find a way to
fight off and prevent tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis has plagued mankind for a long time. This disease, which was...show more content...
HEPA filters, which remove 99.97% of particles 3 micrometer or more in diameter, are placed in ventilation ducts to remove mycobacterium that may
be circulating through a building. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation is installed near the ceiling and sterilizes air that circulates upward
(Means–Markwell, sec. 2).
By placing TB infected patients in isolation, tuberculosis can be contained while being treated to help prevent the spread of tuberculosis to others.
By treating active infections, the US has been able to bring down the number of infections after the resurgence of TB during the 1980s and early 1990s
(Conova, par. 5). However, the effort to contain tuberculosis in the US was not as effective as it would have been if there was not an opening where
new sources of tuberculosis could come in. The many new sources of tuberculosis entering the United States are immigrants. Researchers found that the
high rate of active infections in the immigrants was not due to their acquiring new tuberculosis infections in the United States but, rather, due to an
activation of a latent infection probably acquired before entering the United States (Conova, par. 6). Unfortunately for US born residents, even though
tuberculosis is being contained in the US, it is possible for the tuberculosis to pass to these US born residents from infected immigrants.
But identifying the non–U.S.–born with latent infections, using TB skin tests, poses

Tuberculosis or TB Essay
Tuberculosis or TB I. Introduction Print section Tuberculosis (TB), chronic or acute bacterial infection that primarily attacks the lungs, but which may
also affect the kidneys, bones, lymph nodes, and brain. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a rod–shaped bacterium. Symptoms of
TB include coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, weight loss, fever, chills, and fatigue. Children and people with weakened
immune systems are the most susceptible to TB. Half of all untreated TB cases are fatal.
In 1993 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared TB to be a global emergency, the first such designation ever made by that organization.
According to WHO, one individual becomes infected with TB every...show more content...
Symptoms include coughing, night sweats, weight loss, and fever. A chest X ray may show shadows in the lung or fluid collection between the lung
and its lining. If the bacteria are inhibited, rather than destroyed, the immune cells and the bacteria form a mass known as a granuloma or tubercle. In
effect, the immune cells form a wall around inactive bacteria. As long as the immune system remains strong, the TB bacteria remain walled off and
inactive. The tubercle gradually collects calcium deposits to form what is known as a Ghon focus. These initial tubercles in the lung usually heal,
leaving permanent scars that appear as shadows in chest X rays. At this initial stage of TB, the disease does not progress, but bacteria may remain
dormant in the body for many years. If the immune system becomes weakened, the tubercle opens, releasing the bacteria, and the infection may
develop into secondary TB.
B. Secondary TB Print section In secondary TB, the formerly dormant bacteria multiply and destroy tissue in the lungs. They also may spread to the
rest of the body via the bloodstream. Fluid or air may collect between the lungs and the lining of the lungs, while tubercles continue to develop in the
lung, progressively destroying lung tissue. Coughing of blood or phlegm may occur. At this secondary stage, carriers of TB can infect others.
III. Diagnosis of Infection and Disease Print section Diagnosis of TB

Mycobacterial Disease: Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease that affects the lungs and can often be serious when not treated quickly and properly. Tuberculosis is a
miserable illness to have and is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis being spread through the air. Symptoms include severe coughing
that can last for longer than three weeks, coughing up blood, chest pain, pain when breathing or coughing, weight loss, fatigue, fever, night sweats,
chills, and lack of appetite. This illness can also affect other organs or body parts, which lead to additional symptoms. When it occurs outside the lungs
the symptoms correspond to the place it occurs. Examples include back pain when it occurs in your spine and blood in urine when it occurs in the
...show more content...
When combined they shortened the duration of therapy to nine months, and when pyrazinamide is added it shortens the duration to six months.
When there is resistance to isoniazid during the treatment, ethambutol or streptomycin are used instead. This may extend the duration of the therapy,
but it will still be successful. When there is a resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, the patient is in a critical condition. An extended duration of
therapy will be required because the loss in early bactericidal action is significant. Treatment is done in a laboratory so there is an increased amount
of laboratory support if there is an issue with the treatment. Patients showing a resistance to both have a significantly lower chance at being cured
than the patients showing a resistance to one. The chances of being cured are about fifty percent. A resectional surgery is being performed to enhance
the cure rates. It has proven to increase the cure rate; however, it is highly complicated and must be performed very precisely by a highly skilled
surgeon. Treatments and medications are being invented every day, and hopefully one day there will be an official way to control

Essay On Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is one of the major threats to the public health. It is poverty related disease and has affected millions of lives globally, mostly in the third
world country. Prisoners, homeless people, and poor people are high risk for tuberculosis in the United States of America. Although the cases of
tuberculosis (TB) infection has declined in recent years but eradication of this disease has been out of reach globally. This paper will describe the
demographic and clinical description of tuberculosis. Furthermore, this paper will explain the determinants of tuberculosis and their contribution to
disease development. Moreover, tuberculosis will be described within an epidemiological model and the effect of the component of the model in
disease process. The paper will also discuss the role and responsibility of the community health nurse in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of
the disease. Lastly, this paper will identify the effort the organization to address tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium called mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease affects the lungs. "TB is spread from person to person
through the air. When people with lung TB cough, sneeze or spit, they propel the TB germs into the air. A person needs to inhale only a few of these
germs to become infected" (World Health Organization [WHO], 2016, para. 3). Tuberculosis is highly contagious however it is preventable and
curable. But, due to lack of education and

Essay on Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis. It was the cause of countless deaths throughout the history of humanity. It has been a fearful disease and has existed with humans for
thousands of years; in the past two centuries alone, it ruthlessly murdered and crippled billions of people! It also has been called the white plague or
white death, as this single microbe can be so devastating. It is one of the diseases that has tormented humans for ages and the story of this gruesome
slaughterer continues even today. Tuberculosis (TB) has various infections that can completely immobilize one's body. Its infections are varied and it
generally eats away lung tissues and forms boils that releases pus. As disease proceeds, lungs would mercilessly be devoured and the...show more
content...
Many patients have in reality survived. One supposed discovery of a helpful treatment ended in a tragedy. Robert Koch, a renowned scientist who
saved thousands of lives, had discovered the tuberculin skin test that facilitated the detection of infection of TB. The procedure of the test simply
inserts a protein that is sensitive to TB and if one is inflicted with TB, the site will swell and become red in 48–72 hours (70). However, Koch thought
that his discovery was the cure, a misconception that led to deaths of multiple people. Years after this unfortunate event, real antibiotics arrived, which
included streptomycin, para–aminosalicyclic acid (PAS), and Conteben. PAS was discovered by Jorgen Lehmann and it was effective as
Streptomycin. PAS especially was effective against intestinal TB as it was taken orally. However, it wasn't praised as much as Streptomycin simply
because of slow publishment and people's skepticism on over–the–counter medicines. Conteben was found by Cerhard Domagk, an effective drug
against throat and bowels TB. These 3 great antibiotics ignited a fire of passion in people to make more antibiotics, leading the scientists to discover
isoniazid (INH), rifampin and ethambutol that were more effective. However, as the antibiotics were used ceaselessly, the disease formed an antibiotics
resistance. From mid–1980's to early

Tuberculosis Essay
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis has existed since 2000 BC. There has been evidence of tubercles in mummified Egyptian mummies dating around 2400 BC with clear
symptoms of the disease. The Greeks were the people to give the disease it's name tuberculosis which means small lumps. The major epidemics of
tuberculosis were in the seventeenth century and in the nineteenth century, which mainly affected the Untied States and Europe.
Little was known about how to fight or cure tuberculosis and there was also little research done on tuberculosis. It wasn't until the nineteenth century
that great strives was made in helping find a cure for tuberculosis. In 1882 Robert Koch discovered a staining technique that eventually let him see the
bacteria...show more content...
The vaccine was successful and the newborn never developed the disease.
Then in 1944 microbiologist Selman Waksman isolated an anti tuberculosisantibiotic, antinomyein but was too toxic for humans or animals to use. In
1943 Waksman discovered streptomycin a substance from streptomyes griseus that killed the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis, being the modern
era of antibiotic therapy. With the use of antibiotics, tuberculosis decreased through out the world for the next thirty years. Mortality rates dropped
sharply. In the United States tuberculosis dropped from 188 per 100,000 people in 1980 to about 1 per 100,000 people in 1980.
The new cure for Tuberculosis was working so well that medical experts expected that tuberculosis would be completely eliminated by the year 2010.
Unfortunately by 1985 tuberculosis began to get out of control in most underdeveloped countries and even in the United States where it increased by
20 percent. One reason for the increase of tuberculosis was HIV. People how became infected with HIV have their immune systems weakened by the
disease which greatly increase the risk of getting tuberculosis. The increase of tuberculosis was the highest in African and Asia, where HIV infects the
highest number of people in the world. Another reason for the increase of tuberculosis was the failure of patients to complete their whole proscribed
medicine. Most people take the medicine until the felt

Tuberculosis Essay
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a deadly disease that is now affecting our world and the people living in it in a horrible way. Due to many factors such as poverty,
HIV/AIDS, and lack of health care, many third world and developing countries have been left very vulnerable to tuberculosis. It is affecting a large
part of these countries and is leading them deeper into poverty and sickness. The effort to help these countries against tuberculosis has only been slightly
effective against this widespread and destructive disease.
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that affects one third of the world's population. The most infected areas are developing counties or third worlds
countries such as Africa, India, Pakistan, and East Timor....show more content...
For the top three reporting states (California, New York, and Texas), the 1998
––2003 decrease in cases among U.S.–born people (32.2%; from 3,179 to
2,155) was four times larger than the reduction among foreign born people (7.6%; from 4,420 to 4,086) (Trends in Tuberculosis Page 1– United States).
Africa has the highest rate of tuberculosis per capita, although it changes within the African countries from 17.8% in Cameroon to 70% in
Botswana, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Africa only has 11% of the world's population, but it accounts for more than a quarter of people infected with
tuberculosis. It has an estimated 2.4 million tuberculosis cases and 540,000 tuberculosis deaths annually (WHO declares TB an emergency in Africa
Para 4). In Zambia, which has a population of 11 million, 64% lives on less than one dollar a day. There are now 680 cases per 100,000 people of TB
in Zambia. The TB epidemic has been made worse by the HIV epidemic in Zambia. It has an HIV prevalence rate of 17% and more than 70% of TB
patients in Zambia are also infected with HIV/AIDS (Projects in Africa Para 1). In Malawi, which has a population of 12 million, 42% live on less
than one dollar a day. In addition to this, Malawi is one of the worst infected HIV/AIDS countries and TB is a foremost cause of death among

Tuberculosis Research Paper
On May 2007, there was an international manhunt for Andrew Speaker. His face was plastered all over the news and there was an urgency to capture
him. For a brief period he was the most wanted individual in the United States and finding his location at that current time was of the upmost priority
(Altman, 2007). The only crime Andre had committed was that fact that he was in cohorts with Tuberculosis. When they finally found him, they put
him in quarantine. Why this grave precaution? What had made him the most wanted man in the world and what is the story behind Tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis has been with us since ancient times (Lawn & Zumla, 2011). The earliest recorded date of its presence in humans have been found in
Egyptian mummies dating from 3000–2400BC (Zink, et al., 2003). Also known as consumption or white plague, it ravaged the lives in North
America and Europe in the 18th and 19th century (McCarthy, 2009) . Finally the microbe that caused the disease, tuberculosis was discovered by Dr.
Robert Koch, a German microbiologist, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine for his findings (Nobel Prize)....show more content...
Fortunately TB is curable with the right treatment regime. TB cases in the United States have declined since 1993, but the disease is still a concern.
Two–third of people will succumb to this disease and die, if not treated properly (WHO,

Tuberculosis Essay
Epidemiology Paper: Tuberculosis
Kyle J. Patzner
Grand Canyon University: Concepts in Community and Public Health
January 12, 2014
Tuberculosis has long been a disease that the human culture has been dealing with which entails significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. With
dealing with such a horrific disease over the years, discoveries and evolution on the appropriate ways to contain, diagnose, and challengingly treat the
disease has changed. One of the most concerning complications of this worldwide public health issue is the ability for it to quickly spread in high
populated areas while becoming ever more resistant to forms of treatment not available in all locations around the world. This is a serious public...show
more content...
With the close proximity infection range TB is known for completes the remainder of the epidemiologic triangle. Overcrowded environments are the
coal to the fire of this transmittable disease with outbreaks capable of occurring, infection hundreds. Common symptoms of this active form of
tuberculosis include: weight loss, coughing, fatigue, fever, night sweats, chills, and loss of appetite (MayoClinic, 2014). The Mayo Clinic also states
that it is believed that 2 billion (one third) of the world population is living with Latent TB (2014). This emphasizes the need for public health and
community involvement in order to completely abolish this disease from our planet.
Current treatment of this disease is a complex, long process. Because of TBs notorious background of being resistant to many drugs, treatment usually
consists of an antibiotic regimen lasting upwards of 6–12 months. Treatment also varies from individual to individual. Age, health, TB form, and
location of infection all impact the type of treatment one is given to aide in curing the disease (MayoClinic, 2014). Regardless, treatment of this
disease is not an easy task for many reasons. Compliance and patients tolerance to such a strict medication regimen for a prolonged period of time is a
huge variable which decreases the likeness of successful treatment related to increased occurrences of medication side effects and missed dosages.
According to World Health Organization

Primary Tuberculosis Essay
Introduction
Tuberculosis is among the fatal diseases that are spread through the air. It's contagious, meaning that it spreads from one infected individual to another,
and at times it spreads very fast. In addition to being contagious, the disease is an opportunist infection as it takes advantage of those with weak
defense mechanism, and especially the ones with terminal diseases like HIV and AIDS. Tuberculosis is therefore among the major concerns for the
World Health Organization due to its contagious nature (World Health Organization 1).
Although Africa and other developing nations lead in the number of those infected with tuberculosis, the infected population in the world is currently
estimated to be at around one third of the...show more content...
When one inhales air coughed out by TB patients, the infection is referred to as primary tuberculosis. In most instances, most people get infected with
primary tuberculosis, but since its severity is minimal, there are higher chances of recovery (CDC 17). The infection rate of primary tuberculosis
depends on the strength of an individual's immune system.
Since the disease can be rather opportunistic, it can remain in an individual's system for quite a long time, and as long as the immune system is strong,
chances of infections will be less. However, once the body weakens, either because of other infections, and especially terminal diseases, the bacteria
become active and infectious.
The disease can be transmitted mainly through the air, but there are other means of being infected with TB. Alcohol and drug abuse are some of the
popular means in which infection can occur and since the drugs weaken the immune system, the spread of the ailment can be rather fast. Terminal
diseases like HIV and cancer reduce the immune system and this promotes propagation of the disease into an individual's body system.
Risk Factors
The risk factors for contracting the disease vary according to age, health conditions, or location. The elderly people and infants are likely to get TB
mainly because their immune systems are weak. As an individual grows old, the immune system weakens and this can increase chances of being

Tuberculosis Is An Infectious Disease Essay

Tuberculosis Is An Infectious Disease Essay

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Tuberculosis Is An Infectious Disease Essay