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SEMINAR ON
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Presented by
BRUELIN MELSHIA M. M.Sc(N)
DISASTER
“A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that causes
damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of
health and health services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an
extraordinary response from outside the affected community or
area”.
 (W.H.O.)
CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS
Natural disaster
Man-made disaster
NATURAL DISASTERS
AVALANCHES
EARTHQUAKES
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
FLOODS
DROUGHTS
TSUNAMIS
TORNADOES
CYCLONES
MAN-MADE DISASTERS
NUCLEAR DISASTER
CHEMICAL DISASTER/ INDUSTRIAL DISASTER
FIRE DISASTER
DEFORESTATION
FACTORS AFFECTING DISASTER
 Host factors
 Age
 Immunization status
 Degree of mobility
 Emotional stability
 Environmental factors
 Physical Factors
 Chemical Factors
 Biological Factors
 Social Factors
 Psychological Factors
CHARACTERISTICS OF DISASTER
 Predictability
 Controllability
 Speed of onset
 Length of forewarning
 Duration of impact
 Scope and intensity of impact
PHASES OF DISASTER
Mitigation
Preparedness
Response
Recovery
PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
1. Disaster management is the responsibility of all spheres of government
2. Disaster management should use resources that exist for a day-to-day purpose.
3. Organizations should function as an extension of their core business
4. Individuals are responsible for their own safety.
5. Disaster management planning should focus on large-scale events.
6. Disaster management planning should recognize the difference between incidents and
disasters
7. Disaster management planning must take account of the type of physical environment and
the structure of the population.
8. Disaster management arrangements must recognise the involvement and potential role of
non- government agencies.
DISASTER-EFFECTS
 Deaths
 Disability
 Increase in communicable disease
 Psychological problems
 Food shortage
 Socioeconomic losses
 Shortage of drugs and medical supplies.
 Environmental disruption
POLICIES RELATED TO DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
1. “First come, first treated” principle will not be followed during emergencies.
2. Triage protocol
3. ABCDE care is provide
 Airway
 Breathing
 Circulation
 Disability limitation
 Exposure / environmental control
BASIS OF TRIAGE ( IN MASS CASUALTY
INCIDENT)
 Severity of injury
 Number of injured
 Available resources and
 Survival chances of the victims
TRIAGE PROTOCOL/SYSTEM
a. Red: High priority for treatment & transfer
b. Yellow: Medium Priority
c. Green: Ambulatory patients
d. Black: Dead or Moribund patients
MANAGEMENT IN FIELD HOSPITAL
 First aid
 Emergency care of life threatening injuries
 Initial care for non-life threatening injuries
PREVENTION OF BIG DISASTER
 Prepare To Be Prepared
 Be Informed
 Get Supplies Ready
 PPE
 Communication
ROLE OF A NURSE IN DISASTER RESPONSE
 Immediate post disaster intervention
 Establish safety.
 Medical Treatment & Nursing Care as Per Need
 Utilization of Available Resources
 Psychological Support
 Life Saving Measures , First Aid
 Evacuation & Supply - Shelter, Food, Water, Medicine,
Communication
 Maintaining Public Moral
 Voluntary Reception, Relatives Waiting Areas
 Management of Infection Control
 Re-riving post disaster stress.
 Encourage ventilation.
 Establishing outreach program to provide community support.
 Referral services
THANK YOU

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Disaster management

  • 2. SEMINAR ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT Presented by BRUELIN MELSHIA M. M.Sc(N)
  • 3. DISASTER “A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area”.  (W.H.O.)
  • 4. CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS Natural disaster Man-made disaster
  • 19. FACTORS AFFECTING DISASTER  Host factors  Age  Immunization status  Degree of mobility  Emotional stability  Environmental factors  Physical Factors  Chemical Factors  Biological Factors  Social Factors  Psychological Factors
  • 20. CHARACTERISTICS OF DISASTER  Predictability  Controllability  Speed of onset  Length of forewarning  Duration of impact  Scope and intensity of impact
  • 22. PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT 1. Disaster management is the responsibility of all spheres of government 2. Disaster management should use resources that exist for a day-to-day purpose. 3. Organizations should function as an extension of their core business 4. Individuals are responsible for their own safety. 5. Disaster management planning should focus on large-scale events. 6. Disaster management planning should recognize the difference between incidents and disasters 7. Disaster management planning must take account of the type of physical environment and the structure of the population. 8. Disaster management arrangements must recognise the involvement and potential role of non- government agencies.
  • 23. DISASTER-EFFECTS  Deaths  Disability  Increase in communicable disease  Psychological problems  Food shortage  Socioeconomic losses  Shortage of drugs and medical supplies.  Environmental disruption
  • 24. POLICIES RELATED TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT 1. “First come, first treated” principle will not be followed during emergencies. 2. Triage protocol 3. ABCDE care is provide  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability limitation  Exposure / environmental control
  • 25. BASIS OF TRIAGE ( IN MASS CASUALTY INCIDENT)  Severity of injury  Number of injured  Available resources and  Survival chances of the victims
  • 26. TRIAGE PROTOCOL/SYSTEM a. Red: High priority for treatment & transfer b. Yellow: Medium Priority c. Green: Ambulatory patients d. Black: Dead or Moribund patients
  • 27. MANAGEMENT IN FIELD HOSPITAL  First aid  Emergency care of life threatening injuries  Initial care for non-life threatening injuries
  • 28. PREVENTION OF BIG DISASTER  Prepare To Be Prepared  Be Informed  Get Supplies Ready  PPE  Communication
  • 29. ROLE OF A NURSE IN DISASTER RESPONSE  Immediate post disaster intervention  Establish safety.  Medical Treatment & Nursing Care as Per Need  Utilization of Available Resources  Psychological Support  Life Saving Measures , First Aid  Evacuation & Supply - Shelter, Food, Water, Medicine, Communication
  • 30.  Maintaining Public Moral  Voluntary Reception, Relatives Waiting Areas  Management of Infection Control  Re-riving post disaster stress.  Encourage ventilation.  Establishing outreach program to provide community support.  Referral services