LED INTANSITY VARIATION AUTOMATICALLY BASED ON AMBIENT LIGHT INTENSITY.

1. PROJECT PRESENTATION
(PHASE 2)
ON
DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY EFFICIENT AUTOMATIC
ROOM LIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM USING LED
SUBMITTED BY:
BITAN DAS (91/ELE/151001)
MADHURIMA BASU (91/ELE/151016)
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF : PROF. JITENDRA NATH BERA

2. INTRODUCTION
• Power saving is greatly encouraged in our day to day life for the
1. Reduction in electricity bill.
2. Reduction in electricity generation
3. Reduction in pollution due to low carbon emission
4. Reduction in T & D losses
• Domestic Buildings are responsible for up to 40% of total
generated energy usage. Most part of this energy is used mainly for
maintaining good lighting.
• Because of advancement in Sensor and embedded technologies a
very cheap and portable controller can be made to take care the
energy consumption for lights
• To reduce the energy consumption in terms of saving electricity bill,
an intelligent and an effective method is discussed in this project.
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3. EXISTING SYSTEM
• In manual method of operation an user has to switch ON and OFF the
lights. But there is always a chance of keeping the lights in the on state
even though it is not required at that time. This may occur because of
ignorance of user which leads to large amount of power being wasted.
• Unplanned installation of lights the ambient lights generally not taken
under consideration.
• The lighting system with occupant detection uses passive infrared
sensor (PIR) to automatically switch ON and OFF the lights
The drawback about this type of system is, it will switch ON the lights
with full glow when an occupant is present in that area. This system
does not consider the presence of the surrounding lights. This causes
an additional wastage of energy.
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4. LITERATURE REVIEW
• Wayne and Steve (2013) studied digital systems and noted
that they can perform the same lighting automation
functions. They can override the set schedule to match the
changes in operating schedules and monitor occupancy
patterns in an area and adjust the operation of the lighting
system as required.
• Jinsoo et al. (2014) proposed and designed an automatic
standby power cutoff outlet and a zigbee controller with
Infra-Red code learning functionality
• Ranjit et al. (2016) used an infrared door sensor based on
electronic combinational logic circuit technology to develop
an automatic light switching system.
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5. Objectives
The main objectives are:
To design an electrical energy efficient system that senses
light intensity in a room to control the luminance of light by:
 Developing an ambient light sensor system to detect light
intensity in a room
 Comparing the available ambient light with the user set point
 The intensity of light can be controlled accordingly in order to
save energy when there is enough ambient light is available.
 The remote set point facility can also be incorporated using
Bluetooth module and user mobile.
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6. PROPOSED SYSTEM:
The proposed system overcomes most of the drawbacks of
existing system. This system takes two things into account
before taking any action, namely
(1) User light Requirement
(2) Present ambient Light intensity
The system consists of a ambient light sensor.
The sensor is used to detect the intensity of ambient light in
that room and an algorithm can be implemented to control
the intensity of the light so that the total light in the room
remains constant.
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7. SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF
THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
7
SUPPLY
LINE 230
V
TRIAC
PIC16F877A
TXD
RXD
OPTICAL
SENSORS
TRIAC
DRIVER
7805
STEP DOWN
TRANSFORM
ER RECTI
FIER
ZCD
BLUETOOTH
MODULE
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8. DESCRIPTION OF THE
PROJECT
• In this project we have considered one small room where just
one LDR sensor is enough for determination of LUX inside the
room.
• Actually we have developed this project in two defined parts.
One part works as the transmitting end (for set value
controlling using bluetooth) and another part as the receiving
end(controlling the glow of the bulb comparing with the sensor
value).
• Firstly this demo project can be implemented for the small
room and then it can be implemented for the large room as per
the user requirement.
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9. CONTROL ALGORITHM 9
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10. 10
1. INTERFACING A LCD WITH PIC 16F877A MICROCONTROLLER:
Interfacing the LCD to the microcontroller for the purpose of displaying a data stored in EEPROM.
2. INTERFACING A BLUETOOTH MODULE WITH THE PIC16F877A MICROCONTROLLER:
Interfacing the Bluetooth module to the microcontroller so that the user can provide the information about the
desired room light intensity to the microcontroller using a Smartphone.
3. ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERSION OF THE DATA OBTAINED FROM THE LDR:
Analog to digital conversion is performed of the ambient light intensity data obtained from the LDR.
4. CONFIGURING THE TRIAC AND TRIAC DRIVER USING PIC 16F877A MICROCONTROLLER:
Configuring the TRIAC and TRIAC driver using the microcontroller so that the voltages across the light bulb can
e changed to change its intensity.
CONTROL STEPS:
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11. EXPERIMENTATION:
BULB CHARECTARISTICS:
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VOLTAGE
LUX
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LUX VS VOLTAGE

12. 12
VOLTAGE
LUX
• BULB CHARECTARISTICS FOR THE PHILIPS ACE SAVER 9W LED BULB:
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LUX VS VOLTAGE

13. 13
VOLTAGE
LUX
• LDR CHARECTARISTICS:
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LUX VS VOLTAGE

14. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:
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Bulb Light intensity when
ambient light is PRESENT
DSO waveform for
ZCD and delay
Bulb Light intensity when
ambient light is ABSENT
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15. PROTEUS REPRENTATION OF THE
FULL PROJECT
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16. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
• This project is a good example of household automation.
• Life of lamps are extended due to reduced run-time which reduces
time spent on maintenance and lowers overall maintenance
expense.
• Energy consumption which makes one system very reliable in the
domestic household and less capital investment in the
industrialization. This advancement will make user satisfaction both
directly and indirectly.
• Remote monitoring of lighting controls reduce installation costs and
increase flexibility in areas where switches and sensors can be
placed
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17. FUTURE SCOPES…..
• This implementation can be made inside the hall rooms,
class room or in a stadium etc. But for this the distributive
sensing system is required
• This same mechanism can be easily implemented in the ac,
fans with the help of temperature sensors.
And by using this distributive sensing system we can take
the average lux of the whole room and easily can varry the
intensity.
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