nose to trachea anatomy

2. ANATOMY
PRESENTATION
LEADER :
SEERAT FATIMA
SUBSCRIBER :
OMAR NAZIR
DEFENDER:-
FARYAL KANWAL
JAVERIA QASIN

3. ANATOMY OF
NOSE
EXTERNAL NOSE
NASAL CAVITY
PARANASAL
SINUSES
PHARYNX
TRACHEA
Nose

4. THE EXTERNAL
NOSE
THE EXTERNAL NOSE IS TRIANGULAR-SHAPEDPROJECTION IN
THE CENTEROF THE FACE, CONSISTS OF OSTEO-CARTILAGINOUS
FRAMEWORKCOVEREDBY MUSCLES ANDSKIN.

5. FEATURES OF EXTERNAL
NOSE
Nasal dorsum
Root of nose
Nasal bridge
Nasolabial fold
Columella
Anterior narisAla of nose
Apex of
nose

7. VEINS OF EXTERNAL NOSEVEINS OF EXTERNAL NOSE
Cavernou
s sinus
Facial
v.
Superior &
inferior
ophthalmic
v.

8. NASAL
CAVITY NASAL VESTIBULE
NASAL CAVITY PROPER
Nasal vestibule is the anterior and inferior part of nasal cavity. It is lined by
skin and contains sebaceous glands, hair follicles and hair(vibrissae) easy to
infection.
The remaining area of nose is the nasal cavity proper which contains many
proper structures like roof , medial wall , conchae and meatus etc

10. NASAL CAVITY
PROPER
• THE ROOF .
ANTERIOR SLOPING PART
OF THE ROOF IS FORMED
BY NASAL BONES; POSTERIOR SLOPING PART BY THE
BODY OF SPHENOID BONE;AND THE MIDDLE
HORIZONTAL PART, BY THE CRIBRIFORM PLATE OF
ETHMOID.

11. NASAL CAVITY
PROPER
• THE FLOOR .
THE FLOOR OF THE NOSE
IS FORMED BY THE PALATAL PROCESS OF
THE MAXILLA AND THE HORIZONTAL
PROCESS OF THE PALATE BONES.

13. NASAL CAVITY
PROPER
• MEDIAL WALL.
NASAL SEPTUM.
vomer

14. NASAL CAVITY
PROPER
• LATERIOR WALL.
The lateral wall is marked
by three scroll-like bone
projections called turbinates
or conchae.Below and
lateral to each turbinate is
the corresponding meatus.

15. LATERIOR WALL OF NASAL CAVITY

16. NASAL CAVITY
Laterior wall.
Nasolacrimal duct opens in the anterior
part of inferior meatus.
The anterior group of sinuses
(frontal,marxillary and anterior ethmoidal
sinuses) open to the infundibulum in
middle meatus.
Posterior ethmoidal sinuses open into
superior meatus.
The openning of sphenoid sinus situate
is phenoethmoidal recess lies above the
superior turbinate.

17. NASAL CAVITIES: MICROANATOMY
MUCOSAL LINING
 RESPIRATORY
EPITHELIUM
 COLUMNAR
 GOBLET CELLS
 MUCUS BLANKET
 CILIA
 OLFACTORY
EPITHELIUM
 SMALL AREA NEAR
ROOF
ciliated
pseudostratified
columnar epithelium

18. NERVE INNERVATION OF THE NOSE
• OLFACTORY NERVES
(CRANIAL NERVE I)
• TRIGEMINAL NERVE
(CRANIAL NERVE V)
• PARASYMPATHETICS
• SYMPATHETICS

19. PARANASAL SINUSES
THE SINUSES ARE AIR-FILLED
BONY CAVITIES LOCATED IN THE
FACE AND SKULL ADJACENT TO
THE NOSE.

20. PARANASAL
SINUSES
• MAXILLARY SINUS
• ETHMOID SINUS
• FRONTAL SINUS
• SPHENOID SINUS

21. PHARYNX
Air passes from nasal cavity, across internal
nares into nasopharynx, past oropharynx &
through laryngopharynx to larynx

22. PHARYNX
Nasopharynx lined with PSCC epithelium, but
oro & laryngopharynx lined with stratified
squamous epithelium because they are also part
of digestive system.

24. NASOPHARYNX
• THE UPPER PORTION OF THE PHARYNX, THE NASOPHARYNX,
EXTENDSFROM THE BASE OF THE SKULL TO THE UPPER SURFACE
OF THE SOFT PALATE.
• IT INCLUDESTHE SPACE BETWEEN THE INTERNAL NARES AND THE
SOFT PALATEAND LIESABOVE THE ORAL CAVITY.
• THE ADENOIDS, ALSO KNOWN ASTHE PHARYNGEAL TONSILS,
ARE LYMPHOID TISSUE STRUCTURESLOCATED IN THE POSTERIOR
WALL OF THE NASOPHARYNX.

26. OROPHARYNX
• THE OROPHARYNX LIESBEHIND THE ORAL
CAVITY, EXTENDING FROM THE UVULA TO THE
LEVEL OF THE HYOID BONE. IT OPENS
ANTERIORLY, THROUGH THE ISTHMUS
FAUCIUM, INTO THE MOUTH, WHILE IN ITS
LATERAL WALL, BETWEEN
THE PALATOGLOSSAL ARCH AND
THE PALATOPHARYNGEAL ARCH, IS
THE PALATINE TONSIL.

27. OROPHARYNX
• THEANTERIOR WALL CONSISTSOF THE BASE OF THE TONGUE
AND THE EPIGLOTTIC VALLECULA.
• THE LATERAL WALL ISMADE UPOF THE TONSIL, TONSILLAR
FOSSA, AND TONSILLAR (FAUCIAL) PILLARS
• THE SUPERIOR WALL CONSISTSOF THE INFERIOR SURFACE OF
THE SOFT PALATEAND THE UVULA

29. LARYNGOPHARYNX
• THE LARYNGOPHARYNX EXTENDSFROM THE SUPERIOR
BORDER OF THE EPIGLOTTISTO THE INFERIOR BORDER
OF THE CRICOID CARTILAGE, WHERE IT BECOMES
CONTINUOUSWITH THE ESOPHAGUS.
• ITSANTERIORASPECT HASTHE INLET OF THE LARYNX
AND THE POSTERIORASPECTSOF THEARYTENOID AND
CRICOID CARTILAGES.

31. TRACHEA
 Lined with
respiratory epithelium
 “C”-shaped piecesof
hyalinecartilage
protecting airway while
allowing for
swallowing
 Trachealismuscle
(smooth muscle) runs
acrossposterior wall of
tracheaconnecting ends
of tracheal cartilage