SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 15
Download to read offline
Intro. to Psychology
By:
Muhammad Bilal Younas
0323-6168636
Psychology as the study of Conscious
Experiences
The science of psychology had its formal beginning in
1879 when Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920), a German
psychologist set up a laboratory at the University of
Leipzig to study mind/mental activities. He studied
the conscious experience of mind through
introspection.
Cont.
Earlier he devoted attention on studying the building
blocks of the mind. Later he defined psychology as
the study of conscious experiences, he found the
system of psychology known as “ Structuralism”.
Psychology as the study of Conscious
Experiences
Formally defining psychology as the study of
Conscious experience ,he developed a model that
came to be known as Structuralism.
Structuralism: An early approach to psychology
which focused on the fundamental elements that
form the foundation of thinking , consciousness,
emotions , and other kinds of mental states and
activities.
Using introspection , Wundt presented his trained
subjects with a stimulus such as bright green object
and asked them to describe it in their own words.
He thought that we can understand the structure of
mind through the reports of subjects.
Functionalism:
William James was the founder of this School of
thought. He was influenced by Darwin’s work and he
believed that psychology should explain the functions
of consciousness as it influences behavior.
Functionalist used not only introspection to study
behavior but also used tests, surveys and
experimental techniques to study functions of
psychology as science of consciousness.
Psychology as the study of unconscious
processes
Sigmund Freud(1856-1939), an Austrian physician was
the founder of psychoanalytical school.
He specialized in the disorders of the nervous system.
He observed that some of his patients had nothing
physically wrong with them, even though they had
symptoms of physical illness
Psychology as the study of unconscious
processes
( headaches, exhaustion, insomnia and so forth). He
suspected that mental conflicts lay behind these
symptoms_ conflicts that had been pushed out of
normal awareness and into a part of mind called “
unconscious”.
He believed that if unconscious conflicts could be
brought into patient’s consciousness , they would
Psychology as the study of unconscious
processes
lose their power to control the patient’s life.
He used psychoanalytic technique to uncover
unconscious conflicts of his patients.
Freud helped his patients to interpret and understand
their mental problems.
He called his approach to treatment as
Psychoanalysis.
Psychology as the study of unconscious
processes
Freud believed that early past experiences of which a
person is unaware significantly influence his current
behavior.
He treated people with psychological problems.
Criticism:
Freud laid strong emphasis on sex and aggression but
did not fully explain consciousness and human
behavior.
Psychology as the study of Individual
Differences:
Individual psychology is a term used specifically to
refer to the psychological method or science founded
by the Viennese psychologist Alfred Adler.
The term individual psychology can also be used more
generally to refer to what is more commonly known
as differential psychology or the psychology of
individual differences ,which study the ways in which
individual people differ in their behavior.
Cont.
Adler was among the co-founders of the
psychoanalytic movement as a core member of the
Vienna Psychoanalytic Society.
The concept of 'individual psychology' was
formulated in the process in which Adler broke away
from the psychoanalytic school of Sigmund Freud.
Cont.
Adler called his theory Individual Psychology
because he felt that each person was unique and no
previous theory can be applied to all people.
He also emphasized the training of parents, teachers,
social workers and so on to allow a child to exercise
their power through reasoned decision making whilst
co-operating with others.
Psychology as the study of Observable
Behavior:
In 1913, another American psychologist John Watson
(1878-1958) because the founder of the School of
thought known as Behaviorism.
He believed that psychology should be the Science of
Overt Behavior. He rejected the ideas of structuralists
and Functionalists.
Cont.
He called psychology as the Science of overt behavior
that can be observed and studied through objective
measurement.
He believed that psychology should be hard science,
like physics and chemistry.

More Related Content

What's hot

Historical background of psychology
Historical background of psychologyHistorical background of psychology
Historical background of psychologyJhena Breis
 
introduction and scope of psychology and applied areas of psychology
introduction and scope of psychology and applied areas of psychologyintroduction and scope of psychology and applied areas of psychology
introduction and scope of psychology and applied areas of psychologyKhižrã Àšhřãf
 
The scope of psychology
The scope of psychology The scope of psychology
The scope of psychology Nitika Verma
 
History Of Psychology Presentation
History Of Psychology PresentationHistory Of Psychology Presentation
History Of Psychology PresentationFreeha Razvi
 
Psych 101 - Introduction to Psychology - Lecture 1
Psych 101 - Introduction to Psychology - Lecture 1Psych 101 - Introduction to Psychology - Lecture 1
Psych 101 - Introduction to Psychology - Lecture 1WhatisPsychology
 
Muslim philosophers in psychology
Muslim philosophers in psychologyMuslim philosophers in psychology
Muslim philosophers in psychologyGul Meena
 
Scope of psychology in pakistan
Scope of psychology in pakistanScope of psychology in pakistan
Scope of psychology in pakistanSamiaNawazSatti
 
Ch 1 What is Psychology?
Ch 1 What is Psychology?Ch 1 What is Psychology?
Ch 1 What is Psychology?Cynthia Ryan
 
Introduction to general psychology
Introduction to general psychologyIntroduction to general psychology
Introduction to general psychologyShaikh Mosin
 
Introduction to Psychology
Introduction to PsychologyIntroduction to Psychology
Introduction to Psychologywindstar2002
 
History of Psychology: Historical roots 1
History of Psychology: Historical roots 1History of Psychology: Historical roots 1
History of Psychology: Historical roots 1Catina Feresin
 
Career in Psychology and Mental Health.pptx
Career in Psychology and Mental Health.pptxCareer in Psychology and Mental Health.pptx
Career in Psychology and Mental Health.pptxBimal Raturi
 
History of Psychology
History of Psychology History of Psychology
History of Psychology kbolinsky
 
Mental health and mental illness
Mental health and mental illnessMental health and mental illness
Mental health and mental illnessBurhan Hadi
 
1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentation
1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentation1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentation
1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentationAthena Catindig
 
Schools of-psychology
Schools of-psychologySchools of-psychology
Schools of-psychologyJamAsif4
 
Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220
Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220
Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220Madison Bathke
 

What's hot (20)

Historical background of psychology
Historical background of psychologyHistorical background of psychology
Historical background of psychology
 
introduction and scope of psychology and applied areas of psychology
introduction and scope of psychology and applied areas of psychologyintroduction and scope of psychology and applied areas of psychology
introduction and scope of psychology and applied areas of psychology
 
The scope of psychology
The scope of psychology The scope of psychology
The scope of psychology
 
History Of Psychology Presentation
History Of Psychology PresentationHistory Of Psychology Presentation
History Of Psychology Presentation
 
Psych 101 - Introduction to Psychology - Lecture 1
Psych 101 - Introduction to Psychology - Lecture 1Psych 101 - Introduction to Psychology - Lecture 1
Psych 101 - Introduction to Psychology - Lecture 1
 
Muslim philosophers in psychology
Muslim philosophers in psychologyMuslim philosophers in psychology
Muslim philosophers in psychology
 
Scope of psychology in pakistan
Scope of psychology in pakistanScope of psychology in pakistan
Scope of psychology in pakistan
 
Ch 1 What is Psychology?
Ch 1 What is Psychology?Ch 1 What is Psychology?
Ch 1 What is Psychology?
 
Introduction to general psychology
Introduction to general psychologyIntroduction to general psychology
Introduction to general psychology
 
Introduction to Psychology
Introduction to PsychologyIntroduction to Psychology
Introduction to Psychology
 
History of Psychology: Historical roots 1
History of Psychology: Historical roots 1History of Psychology: Historical roots 1
History of Psychology: Historical roots 1
 
Career in Psychology and Mental Health.pptx
Career in Psychology and Mental Health.pptxCareer in Psychology and Mental Health.pptx
Career in Psychology and Mental Health.pptx
 
History of Psychology
History of Psychology History of Psychology
History of Psychology
 
Mental health and mental illness
Mental health and mental illnessMental health and mental illness
Mental health and mental illness
 
Branches of psychology
Branches of psychologyBranches of psychology
Branches of psychology
 
Branches of psychology
Branches of psychologyBranches of psychology
Branches of psychology
 
1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentation
1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentation1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentation
1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentation
 
Schools of-psychology
Schools of-psychologySchools of-psychology
Schools of-psychology
 
Psychology
PsychologyPsychology
Psychology
 
Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220
Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220
Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220
 

Viewers also liked

Introduction assignment intro to psychology (4)
Introduction assignment intro to psychology (4)Introduction assignment intro to psychology (4)
Introduction assignment intro to psychology (4)erobinson5
 
Intro To Psychology Chap 1
Intro To  Psychology Chap 1Intro To  Psychology Chap 1
Intro To Psychology Chap 1Mr.J
 
Groups & Leadership
Groups & LeadershipGroups & Leadership
Groups & LeadershipJames Neill
 
Social Psychology - Social Influence
Social Psychology - Social InfluenceSocial Psychology - Social Influence
Social Psychology - Social InfluenceSavipra Gorospe
 
Introduction to Social Psychology
Introduction to Social PsychologyIntroduction to Social Psychology
Introduction to Social PsychologyJames Neill
 
Social Psychology: Introduction: Lecture1
Social Psychology: Introduction: Lecture1Social Psychology: Introduction: Lecture1
Social Psychology: Introduction: Lecture1James Neill
 

Viewers also liked (10)

Introduction assignment intro to psychology (4)
Introduction assignment intro to psychology (4)Introduction assignment intro to psychology (4)
Introduction assignment intro to psychology (4)
 
1. intro to psychology
1. intro to psychology1. intro to psychology
1. intro to psychology
 
Psychology of Social Media (conducted while at AMP Agency)
Psychology of Social Media (conducted while at AMP Agency)Psychology of Social Media (conducted while at AMP Agency)
Psychology of Social Media (conducted while at AMP Agency)
 
Intro To Psychology Chap 1
Intro To  Psychology Chap 1Intro To  Psychology Chap 1
Intro To Psychology Chap 1
 
Groups & Leadership
Groups & LeadershipGroups & Leadership
Groups & Leadership
 
Social psychology
Social psychologySocial psychology
Social psychology
 
Social Psychology - Social Influence
Social Psychology - Social InfluenceSocial Psychology - Social Influence
Social Psychology - Social Influence
 
Social psychology
Social psychologySocial psychology
Social psychology
 
Introduction to Social Psychology
Introduction to Social PsychologyIntroduction to Social Psychology
Introduction to Social Psychology
 
Social Psychology: Introduction: Lecture1
Social Psychology: Introduction: Lecture1Social Psychology: Introduction: Lecture1
Social Psychology: Introduction: Lecture1
 

Similar to Psy 101 lec2

A history of psychology section 3
A history of psychology section 3 A history of psychology section 3
A history of psychology section 3 kapahemu
 
lec_2_school_of_thoughts_edited[1].ppt
lec_2_school_of_thoughts_edited[1].pptlec_2_school_of_thoughts_edited[1].ppt
lec_2_school_of_thoughts_edited[1].pptNaNuSorry
 
Introduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahu
Introduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahuIntroduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahu
Introduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahuSudhir INDIA
 
Part 1 the science of psychology
Part 1 the science of psychologyPart 1 the science of psychology
Part 1 the science of psychologyAnita Laws
 
Psychology original
Psychology originalPsychology original
Psychology originalashley_19
 
Psychology: Introduction
Psychology: IntroductionPsychology: Introduction
Psychology: IntroductionAtul Thakur
 
Psychology: Introduction
Psychology: IntroductionPsychology: Introduction
Psychology: IntroductionAtul Thakur
 
Introduction to psych v2
Introduction to psych v2Introduction to psych v2
Introduction to psych v2Sam Georgi
 
History of psychology
History of psychologyHistory of psychology
History of psychologykbolinsky
 
Psychology as a Science
Psychology as a SciencePsychology as a Science
Psychology as a ScienceMichel Newman
 
General Psychology
General PsychologyGeneral Psychology
General PsychologyMypzi
 
Introduction of business psychology
Introduction of business psychologyIntroduction of business psychology
Introduction of business psychologyDenni Domingo
 
The Tempest Research Project
The Tempest Research Project The Tempest Research Project
The Tempest Research Project Luciebutler
 
General Psychology - SHS (General Concepts)
General Psychology - SHS (General Concepts)General Psychology - SHS (General Concepts)
General Psychology - SHS (General Concepts)LJ Arroyo
 
GE 3. General Psychology - Chapter 1.pptx
GE 3. General Psychology - Chapter 1.pptxGE 3. General Psychology - Chapter 1.pptx
GE 3. General Psychology - Chapter 1.pptxTiny G.
 
Introdustion to Psychology
Introdustion to Psychology Introdustion to Psychology
Introdustion to Psychology Air university
 

Similar to Psy 101 lec2 (20)

A history of psychology section 3
A history of psychology section 3 A history of psychology section 3
A history of psychology section 3
 
lec_2_school_of_thoughts_edited[1].ppt
lec_2_school_of_thoughts_edited[1].pptlec_2_school_of_thoughts_edited[1].ppt
lec_2_school_of_thoughts_edited[1].ppt
 
Structuralism and Functionalism
Structuralism  and FunctionalismStructuralism  and Functionalism
Structuralism and Functionalism
 
Introduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahu
Introduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahuIntroduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahu
Introduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahu
 
Part 1 the science of psychology
Part 1 the science of psychologyPart 1 the science of psychology
Part 1 the science of psychology
 
Psychology original
Psychology originalPsychology original
Psychology original
 
Psychology: Introduction
Psychology: IntroductionPsychology: Introduction
Psychology: Introduction
 
Psychology: Introduction
Psychology: IntroductionPsychology: Introduction
Psychology: Introduction
 
Structuralism,
Structuralism,Structuralism,
Structuralism,
 
Introduction to psych v2
Introduction to psych v2Introduction to psych v2
Introduction to psych v2
 
History of psychology
History of psychologyHistory of psychology
History of psychology
 
Psychology as a Science
Psychology as a SciencePsychology as a Science
Psychology as a Science
 
Schools of Psychology
Schools of PsychologySchools of Psychology
Schools of Psychology
 
General Psychology
General PsychologyGeneral Psychology
General Psychology
 
Introduction of business psychology
Introduction of business psychologyIntroduction of business psychology
Introduction of business psychology
 
The Tempest Research Project
The Tempest Research Project The Tempest Research Project
The Tempest Research Project
 
General Psychology - SHS (General Concepts)
General Psychology - SHS (General Concepts)General Psychology - SHS (General Concepts)
General Psychology - SHS (General Concepts)
 
GE 3. General Psychology - Chapter 1.pptx
GE 3. General Psychology - Chapter 1.pptxGE 3. General Psychology - Chapter 1.pptx
GE 3. General Psychology - Chapter 1.pptx
 
Introdustion to Psychology
Introdustion to Psychology Introdustion to Psychology
Introdustion to Psychology
 
psychology
psychologypsychology
psychology
 

More from Dara Corporates (20)

Role of radio in swat war
Role of radio in swat warRole of radio in swat war
Role of radio in swat war
 
Chap003
Chap003Chap003
Chap003
 
Radio broadcasting history
Radio broadcasting historyRadio broadcasting history
Radio broadcasting history
 
Lecture five years plans
Lecture five years plansLecture five years plans
Lecture five years plans
 
Communication skills
Communication skillsCommunication skills
Communication skills
 
Cv writing
Cv writingCv writing
Cv writing
 
Conglomerate presentation & cnn
Conglomerate presentation & cnnConglomerate presentation & cnn
Conglomerate presentation & cnn
 
Bbc
BbcBbc
Bbc
 
Voa
VoaVoa
Voa
 
Psy 101 lec4
Psy 101 lec4Psy 101 lec4
Psy 101 lec4
 
Psy 101 lec5
Psy 101 lec5Psy 101 lec5
Psy 101 lec5
 
Viruses notes
Viruses notesViruses notes
Viruses notes
 
Barriers to communication
Barriers to communicationBarriers to communication
Barriers to communication
 
Communication
CommunicationCommunication
Communication
 
Organization of the government
Organization of the  governmentOrganization of the  government
Organization of the government
 
Legitimicy1
Legitimicy1Legitimicy1
Legitimicy1
 
Lectur=1
Lectur=1Lectur=1
Lectur=1
 
Lec 4
Lec 4Lec 4
Lec 4
 
Lecture 1
Lecture 1Lecture 1
Lecture 1
 
Lec 4
Lec 4Lec 4
Lec 4
 

Recently uploaded

How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17Celine George
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRATanmoy Mishra
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.EnglishCEIPdeSigeiro
 
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptxPractical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptxKatherine Villaluna
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptxSandy Millin
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxSaurabhParmar42
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphNetziValdelomar1
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesHow to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesCeline George
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationMJDuyan
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024UKCGE
 
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfHED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxraviapr7
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxDr. Asif Anas
 
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxEduSkills OECD
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxiammrhaywood
 

Recently uploaded (20)

How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
 
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptxPractical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
 
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quizFinals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
 
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesHow to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
 
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfHED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
 
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
 

Psy 101 lec2

  • 1. Intro. to Psychology By: Muhammad Bilal Younas 0323-6168636
  • 2. Psychology as the study of Conscious Experiences The science of psychology had its formal beginning in 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920), a German psychologist set up a laboratory at the University of Leipzig to study mind/mental activities. He studied the conscious experience of mind through introspection.
  • 3. Cont. Earlier he devoted attention on studying the building blocks of the mind. Later he defined psychology as the study of conscious experiences, he found the system of psychology known as “ Structuralism”.
  • 4. Psychology as the study of Conscious Experiences Formally defining psychology as the study of Conscious experience ,he developed a model that came to be known as Structuralism. Structuralism: An early approach to psychology which focused on the fundamental elements that form the foundation of thinking , consciousness, emotions , and other kinds of mental states and activities.
  • 5. Using introspection , Wundt presented his trained subjects with a stimulus such as bright green object and asked them to describe it in their own words. He thought that we can understand the structure of mind through the reports of subjects.
  • 6. Functionalism: William James was the founder of this School of thought. He was influenced by Darwin’s work and he believed that psychology should explain the functions of consciousness as it influences behavior. Functionalist used not only introspection to study behavior but also used tests, surveys and experimental techniques to study functions of psychology as science of consciousness.
  • 7. Psychology as the study of unconscious processes Sigmund Freud(1856-1939), an Austrian physician was the founder of psychoanalytical school. He specialized in the disorders of the nervous system. He observed that some of his patients had nothing physically wrong with them, even though they had symptoms of physical illness
  • 8. Psychology as the study of unconscious processes ( headaches, exhaustion, insomnia and so forth). He suspected that mental conflicts lay behind these symptoms_ conflicts that had been pushed out of normal awareness and into a part of mind called “ unconscious”. He believed that if unconscious conflicts could be brought into patient’s consciousness , they would
  • 9. Psychology as the study of unconscious processes lose their power to control the patient’s life. He used psychoanalytic technique to uncover unconscious conflicts of his patients. Freud helped his patients to interpret and understand their mental problems. He called his approach to treatment as Psychoanalysis.
  • 10. Psychology as the study of unconscious processes Freud believed that early past experiences of which a person is unaware significantly influence his current behavior. He treated people with psychological problems. Criticism: Freud laid strong emphasis on sex and aggression but did not fully explain consciousness and human behavior.
  • 11. Psychology as the study of Individual Differences: Individual psychology is a term used specifically to refer to the psychological method or science founded by the Viennese psychologist Alfred Adler. The term individual psychology can also be used more generally to refer to what is more commonly known as differential psychology or the psychology of individual differences ,which study the ways in which individual people differ in their behavior.
  • 12. Cont. Adler was among the co-founders of the psychoanalytic movement as a core member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. The concept of 'individual psychology' was formulated in the process in which Adler broke away from the psychoanalytic school of Sigmund Freud.
  • 13. Cont. Adler called his theory Individual Psychology because he felt that each person was unique and no previous theory can be applied to all people. He also emphasized the training of parents, teachers, social workers and so on to allow a child to exercise their power through reasoned decision making whilst co-operating with others.
  • 14. Psychology as the study of Observable Behavior: In 1913, another American psychologist John Watson (1878-1958) because the founder of the School of thought known as Behaviorism. He believed that psychology should be the Science of Overt Behavior. He rejected the ideas of structuralists and Functionalists.
  • 15. Cont. He called psychology as the Science of overt behavior that can be observed and studied through objective measurement. He believed that psychology should be hard science, like physics and chemistry.