2. Co-ordination
• Definition – Different people or things work together to
achieve specific goals or aims.
• Importance – 1. Encourages team spirit
2.Gives proper direction
3.Facilitates motivation
4.Optimum utilisation of resources.
5. Leads to higher efficiency.
6.Improves relations in the organization .
3. Advantages of Co-ordination -
• Efficiency and effectiveness.
• Unity of direction.
• Good human relations.
• Organizational effectiveness.
5. 1.Principle of early stage
• According to this principle coordination must start at
an early stage in the management process.
• It must start in planning stage so that it results in
making best plans and implementing these plans with
success.
• Coordination can be achieved more easily in early
stages of planning and policy-making.
• Early coordination improves the quality of plans.
6. 2.Principle of continuity
• Coordination must be a continuous process.
• Coordination
• Management process includes planning, organising,
directing, controlling.
Organization
starts
Organization
Exists
Management
process
7. 3.Principle of Direct Contact
• According to this principle all managers have a Direct Contact
with their subordinates.
• It enables managers to coordinate different activities of their
subordinates effectively and efficiently.
Removes
misundersta
nding
Face to face communication
8. 4. Principle of Reciprocal relations
• Decisions and action of all the people and departments of the
organization are interrelated.
• Decision of one person or department will affect all other
persons and departments in organisation.
• So that before taking any decision or action manager should
think about its effects.
9. Additional Principles of Co-ordination
Additional 4
principles of
coordination
Effective
communicatio
n
Mutual respect
Clarity of
objectives
Scalar chain
10. 1.Principle of effective communication
• Coordination will be successful only in the presence
of an effective communication.
• Good communication must be present between all
departments, within employees themselves, and even
between managers and their subordinates.
• Good communication helps to avoid
misunderstandings in the organisation.
• All communication barriers and gaps must be avoided
and fixed.
11. 2.Princple of Mutual Respect
• Without mutual respect, coordination may not survive.
• Managers must respect feelings and emotions of employees.
Top
management
Middle management
Lower management
Mutual
respect
12. 3.Princple of Clarity of objectives
• Everyone in an organization must know the objectives very
clearly.
• Coordination will be successful only if the organization has set
its clear objectives.
4.Princple of Scalar Chain
• The scalar chain is a chain of supervisors from the highest to
the lowest rank.
• An employee should feel the necessity to contact his superior
through scalar chain.
