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Query Expansion with Locally-
Trained Word Embeddings
Fernando Bhaskar Mitra Nick Craswell
Microsoft
p(d)
d
p(d)
d
q
p(d|q)
cut
global local*
cutting tax
squeeze deficit
reduce vote
slash budget
reduction reduction
spend house
lower bill
halve plan
soften spend
freeze billion
global: trained using full
corpus
local: trained using topically-
*gas
global local
t-SNE projection: top words by ˜p(d|q) (blue: query; red: top words by p(d|q))
• local term clustering [Lesk 1968, Attar and Fraenkel
1977]
• local latent semantic analysis [Hull 1995, Hull, 1994;
Schutze et al., 1995; Singhal et al., 1997]
• local document clustering [Tombros and van
Rijsbergen, 2001; Tombros et al., 2002; Willett, 1985]
• one sense per discourse [Gale et al., 1992]
target
corpus
query
results
q = [gas:1.0 tax:1.0 petroleum:0.0 tariff:0.0 …]
query = gas tax
q = [gas:1.0 tax:1.0 petroleum:0.0 tariff:0.0 …]
query = gas tax
d = [gas:0.0 tax:0.0 petroleum:0.7 tariff:0.5 …]
q = [gas:1.0 tax:1.0 petroleum:0.0 tariff:0.0 …]
query = gas tax
…
gas petroleum:0.9 indigestion:0.6 …
tax tariff:0.7 strain:0.4 …
…[ ]W=
q = [gas:1.0 tax:1.0 petroleum:0.8 tariff:0.6 …]
query = gas tax
d = [gas:0.0 tax:0.0 petroleum:0.7 tariff:0.5 …]
W = UUT
U m ⇥ k embedding matrix
p(d)
d
q
p(d|q)
p(d)
d
q
˜p(d|q)
target
corpus
query
results
external
corpus
query
results
U =
8
>>><
>>>:
uniform p(d) on the target corpus
uniform p(d) on an external corpus
p(d|q) on the target corpus
p(d|q) on an external corpus
docs words queries
trec12 469,949 438,338 150
robust 528,155 665,128 250
web 50,220,423 90,411,624 200
global local
target target
wikipedia+gigaword* gigaword†
google news* wikipedia†
*publicly available embedding; †publicly available external corpus
target
corpus
query
results
external
corpus
query
results
target
corpus
query
results
target
corpus
query
results
external
corpus
query
results
trec12 robust web
local vs global
NDCG@10
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
expansion
none
global
local
trec12 robust web
local embedding
NDCG@10
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
corpus
target
gigaword
wikipedia
• local embedding provides a stronger representation than
global embedding
• potential impact for other topic-specific natural language
processing tasks
• future work
• effectiveness improvements
• efficiency improvements

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Query Expansion with Locally-Trained Word Embeddings (ACL 2016)

  • 1. Query Expansion with Locally- Trained Word Embeddings Fernando Bhaskar Mitra Nick Craswell Microsoft
  • 4. cut global local* cutting tax squeeze deficit reduce vote slash budget reduction reduction spend house lower bill halve plan soften spend freeze billion global: trained using full corpus local: trained using topically- *gas
  • 5. global local t-SNE projection: top words by ˜p(d|q) (blue: query; red: top words by p(d|q))
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. • local term clustering [Lesk 1968, Attar and Fraenkel 1977] • local latent semantic analysis [Hull 1995, Hull, 1994; Schutze et al., 1995; Singhal et al., 1997] • local document clustering [Tombros and van Rijsbergen, 2001; Tombros et al., 2002; Willett, 1985] • one sense per discourse [Gale et al., 1992]
  • 10. q = [gas:1.0 tax:1.0 petroleum:0.0 tariff:0.0 …] query = gas tax
  • 11. q = [gas:1.0 tax:1.0 petroleum:0.0 tariff:0.0 …] query = gas tax d = [gas:0.0 tax:0.0 petroleum:0.7 tariff:0.5 …]
  • 12. q = [gas:1.0 tax:1.0 petroleum:0.0 tariff:0.0 …] query = gas tax … gas petroleum:0.9 indigestion:0.6 … tax tariff:0.7 strain:0.4 … …[ ]W=
  • 13. q = [gas:1.0 tax:1.0 petroleum:0.8 tariff:0.6 …] query = gas tax d = [gas:0.0 tax:0.0 petroleum:0.7 tariff:0.5 …]
  • 14. W = UUT U m ⇥ k embedding matrix
  • 18. U = 8 >>>< >>>: uniform p(d) on the target corpus uniform p(d) on an external corpus p(d|q) on the target corpus p(d|q) on an external corpus
  • 19. docs words queries trec12 469,949 438,338 150 robust 528,155 665,128 250 web 50,220,423 90,411,624 200
  • 20. global local target target wikipedia+gigaword* gigaword† google news* wikipedia† *publicly available embedding; †publicly available external corpus target corpus query results external corpus query results target corpus query results target corpus query results external corpus query results
  • 21. trec12 robust web local vs global NDCG@10 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 expansion none global local
  • 22. trec12 robust web local embedding NDCG@10 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 corpus target gigaword wikipedia
  • 23. • local embedding provides a stronger representation than global embedding • potential impact for other topic-specific natural language processing tasks • future work • effectiveness improvements • efficiency improvements