2. SUMMARY OF WORK
• SENSORS: Their Description and Usage
1. Sensor Basics and Characteristics
2. Sensor Applications and Their Capabilities
• FAULT DETECTION MEANS
1. Corona
2. Hi-Resolution Day Light
3. Thermometric Infrared «IR» Pictures
• EQUIPMENT AND OPERATIONS
• WORK PLATFORMS
1. Helicopters
2. Gyros
3. RPAS
3. When performing multispectral inspections, some basics in Remote Sensing have to be applied:
• The sunlight is the RADIATION ENERGY SOURCE for every
phenomena that we can characterize
• Only part of sunlight reaches THE EARTH
• Thermal IR emissions are present when equipment
overheats and UV emission are caused due to ionization of
electrical discharges in possibly faulty components
• During an inspection, BIRDVIEW checks for both types of
emissions
4. Several types of integrated sensors are utilized
to obtain highly detailed images of all
components in addition to different types of IR
sensors:
LWIR (Long Wave Infrared)
Day Light
UV (Air Ionization)
UV emissions due to electrical discharges in equipment
Thermal emissions by overheated objects
Visible details of equipment
This region may be affected by sunlight reflection
USED
USED
USED
DISCARDED
EMISSION
REFLECTION
EMISSION + REFLECTION
EMISSION
5. Our payload has been specifically designed to
integrate all the necessary sensors needed for
highly efficient Power Line Inspections and their
subsequent reporting
BIRDVIEW CAN OFFER THREE TYPES OF
INSPECTIONS IN JUST ONE FLIGHT
Daylight Camera
Corona Camera
Thermometric Camera
fullHD Videocamera
6. The Corona Effect is an electrical discharge due to the ionization of the air surrounding an electrically charged
surface
Spontaneous corona discharges occur naturally in high-voltage systems, such as power-lines
The energy leaps during the ionization process, release electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range of the
ultraviolet
Corona Camera
CORONA CAMERA
7. High-Resolution images of the tower and its elements will give the client the complete mosaicking of the
structure
With the help of a state of the art Day Light Camera, BIRDVIEW records an HD Video to document all types of
operations performed during the flight
Day Light Camera
DAY LIGHT CAMERA
8. When overheated components are present, it is necessary to take RADIOMETRIC PHOTOS in addition to high
resolution pictures in order to perform a throughout analysis of the surface of a component
BIRDVIEW records the video footage of the infrared inspection during the flight
Thermal Infrared Camera
THERMAL INFRARED CAMERA
9. • DAY LIGHT FRAME CAMERA: Nikon D800 (200mm)
– Highly Detailed Images: < 1mm/pixel @ 35m
– Well Balanced Frame: 6,3m x 4,2m FOV
• THERMAL INFRARED CAMERA: Variocam HD800 (60mm)
– High Definition: 1024x768 -> 1cm/px @ 35m
– Frame Covers 10,1m x 7,8m FOV @ 35m
– High Radiometric Definition: 0,1°C
– Allows for THERMOGRAHPIC VIDEO RECORDING while performing thermometric frame capture
BIRDVIEW’S CAMERAS
10. • CORONA UV VIDEOCAMERA: OFIL DayCor ROM
– High Sensitivity: 1pC @ 10m (as attested by RWE Eurotech GmbH)
– Frame Covers: 4,9m x 3,5m FOV @ 35m
• FULL HD VIDEOCAMERA: Sony FCBEH6300
– 3.27 Megapixel HD Color Block Camera
– 20x Optical Zoom
– Live Cabin-Remoted Optical Zoom
11.
The optics of each camera have been designed to operate at the same distance and cover the same Field Of
View (FOV)
The DL Videocamera and the recording of TIR videofootages provide full documentation of the flight
operations
Audionotes recorded on-board help backoffice procedures
The helicopter is about 25 M / 82
FT from the tower. Because the
payload is mounted on its left, it
flies on the right side of power
line
APPLICATION OF CAMERAS
12. USE OF CORONA – UV CAMERA
The Corona Effect is an electrical discharge due to the ionization of the air surrounding an electrically charged
surface
Spontaneous corona discharges occur naturally in high-voltage systems such as power lines
The energy leaps during the ionization process, release electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range of the
ultraviolet
FAULT DETECTION
13. Corona discharges are strictly related to the intensity of the electric field ( high voltage) and the geometry of the
component
Corona effect occurs only when electrodes have strong dimensional variations in shape (dispersing power of
the tips)
14. Power transmission equipment is designed to minimize the formation of corona discharge
In the above example, THE CORONA EFFECT can be minimized by applying a Corona Ring. The toroidal device
spreads the electric field over a larger area and decreases the field gradient below the corona discharge
threshold
15. CORONA DISCHARGES ARE UNDESIREABLE ON POWER LINES BECAUSE OF THE
FOLLOWING EFFECTS THEY MAY HAVE:
• Power Loss
• Audible Noise
• Electromagnetic Interference
• Ozone Production
• Insulation Damage
Ionized gas compounds of a corona are chemically active and are mainly:
Ozone (O3)
Nitrogen Oxide (NO) Nitric Oxide (NO2)→
When water vapors (H2O) are present NO2 turns into nitric acid and these highly corrosive
substances can accelerate the deterioration of the vital parts of the line, such as elastomer
insulators and other metallic components
16. THE OBJECTIVE OF AN AIRBORNE CORONA-UV INSPECTION IS:
1. To detect and isolate the part where the corona effect is present due to surface and material
degradation
2. To detect and isolate anomalies on components where "mechanical damage" has altered its
original shape in a significant way and hence leading to faults. Below some examples:
Broken strand on conductor Broken spacer
17. When sensors indicate that Corona Effect is
present, the operator will scrutinize the area
for Corona discharges
The CORONA DISCHARGE appears as a
«floating blob» of light
It is necessary to obtain HIGH RESOLUTION
IMAGES at the same time of making a VIDEO
RECORDING in order to perform a throughout
analysis of all areas where a Corona Discharge
is present
18. The operator takes a series of High-
Resolution photos of the tower and
its elements in order to obtain the
complete mosaicking of the
structure
During the flight the HD video will
also be recorded to document all
flight operations
FAULT DETECTION
USE OF DAYLIGHT CAMERA
19. Pictures at 36 MPIXEL resolution are taken from the front…..
…and back of each structure
20. During BIRDVIEW’S POST PROCESSING, these images collected during the flight will be reviewed by
specialist to search for and classify anomalies on:
1. Hardware
2. Clamps
3. Insulators
4. Components of the tower
5. Foundations of the tower
6. Dampers
7. ETC…
High Resolution images allow for the highest level of detail. These images are inventoried and stored for client’s
reference purposes.
21. When junctions are not properly tightened, the capability to transmit energy is reduced, hence
producing heat due to «resistance» (Joule Effect).
Infrared inspection is performed using the principles of the thermography, the measure of the
temperature emitted by a given component
For power-lines, the objective of an infrared inspection is to detect a HOT SPOT in the junction
between:
1. Suspension Clamps
2. Joints of Conductors in Span
3. Switches in Sub Stations
4. Coils in Sub Station
FAULT DETECTION
USE OF THERMAL INFRARED – IR CAMERA
22. This “resistance” along the circuit creates a consistant loss of energy in addition to a very
temperature that may cause any metal to melt and, consequently lead to the detachment of
the conductor:
THE DANGEREOUS EFFECTS COULD BE:
•
Complete black-out and interruption of service
•
Possibility of fire in the vicinity of the lines
•
Possibility of harm to people or property from falling infrastructure
Infrared Inspection has become a standard and
reliable method for the prevention of faults and line
safety / integrity verification
23. With airborne inspections, the performance level of the camera is a key-factor
for obtaining scientific results
BirdView uses a camera with following characteristic:
•
Longwave Infrared Spectrum (7-14 nm)
•
Sensor Resolution of 1024 x 768 Pixel:
1. Better geometric resolution allows for the perception of details
2. Detection of slightest difference in temperature
•
Radiometric Picture Function
24. During the flight BV records an entire
video of the infrared inspection.
When a HOT SPOT is present, the
operator will scrutinize the area and will
adjust the camera to obtain sharper
images
Simultaneously, it is necessary take
radiometric and high-resolution
pictures as well in order to be able to
perform a detailed analysis during post
processing
25. Radiometric pictures captured during the flight will be analyzed with the help of a specialized
software that allows the reporting of temperature measurements...
26. ……..and make a calculation of DELTA T to determine the severity of the anomaly
DELTA T= 18,27°C
27. Assessment of severity according to ASTM E1934
Standard Guide for Examining Electrical and Mechanical Equipment with Infrared Thermography
28. Multispectral Gyro Stabilized Gimbal
Nikon D800
(36Mpixel – 200mm)
Corona Camera
HD Sony (full HD)
IR Camera HD
(1024 x768 resolution)
SWE400 QUAD sensors
Our Equipment
29. The Gimbal is connected via a 3G module to our server for GPS REAL TIME TRACKING
REAL TIME TRACKING is available through a website or on a mobile device
30. On Board Quad-Monitor ViewJoystick for the Operator
From inside the cabin, a joystick enables the operator full control of the movement of external
turret. Results from cameras and sensors are then visualized on the monitors
On Board the Aircraft
31. A special APP on board allows the collection of data about flight. Such as, crew activity, flight time
and progress of the inspection
This data can be sent to the client via email, directly from the
field!
32. Our equipment is certified and can be mounted on a AW119 and AS350 / 355 Ecureuil series in
addition to Robinson R66
(*) When mounting CLIENT’S custom equipment, minor changes and little modifications could
be necessary when changing to a different aircraft
Gimbal Mounts
33. 33
THANK YOU FOR CHOOSING BIRDVIEW Srl.
FOR YOUR INSPECTION NEEDS
OUR TEAM OF EXPERTS IS LOOKING FORWARD
TO BEING OF SERVICE!
WWW.BIRDVIEW.ORG
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT:
ALESSIO MUGNAIOLI, MANAGING DIRECTOR
alessio.mugnaioli@birdview.it
