A Presentation on maglev train

1. A Seminar on
Maglev Train
Presented by-
Kangkan Saikia (17/522)
Bedanta Bora (17/523)
Brishti Dutta (17/525)
ASSAM ENGINEERING COLLEGE, GUWAHATI-13

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 PRINCIPLE OF WORKING OF MAGLEV TRAIN
 TECHNOLOGY AND TYPES OF MAGLEV TRAINS
 MERITS AND DEMERITS
 POWER AND ENERGY USAGE
 COMPARISION WITH CONVENTIONAL TRAINS
 ECONOMICS OF MAGLEV TRAINS
 EXISTING MAGLEV TECHNOLOGIES
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCE

3. INTRODUCTION
 What is Maglev ?
 Anything which may levitate by means of a magnetic power
is called Magnetic Levitation.
 The term ‘MAGLEV’ can be briefly explained by using an
example of ‘MAGLEV TRAINS’.

4. HISTORY OF MAGLEV TRAIN
 In the 1960s Britain Eric Laithwaite
developed a functional maglev train.
His maglev had 1.6 km of track and was
in detail tested. His research was stopped
in 1973 because lack of money and his
progress was not enough. In the 1970s,
Germany and Japan also began research
and after some failures both nations developed
mature technologies in the 1990’s.……………………………………..

5. BASIC PRINCIPLE OF MAGLEV TRAINS
 Maglev trains have to perform the following functions to operate in high
speeds –
1.Levitation 2.Propulsion 3.Lateral Guidance

6. 1.LEVITATION
 The passing of the superconducting
magnets through levitation coils on the
side of the track induces a current in the
coils and creates a magnetic field. This
pushes the train upward so that it can
levitate 10 cm above the track.
 The train does not levitate until it
reaches 50 mph, so it is equipped with
retractable wheels.

7. 2.PROPULSION
 An alternating current is ran through
electromagnet coils on the guide walls of
the guide way. This creates a magnetic field
that attracts and repels the
superconducting magnets on the train and
propels the train forward.
 Braking is accomplished by sending an
alternating current in the reverse direction
so that it is slowed by attractive and
repulsive forces.

8. 3.LATERAL GUIDENCE
 When one side of the train nears the
side of the guideway, the super
conducting magnet on the train
induces a repulsive force from the
levitation coils on the side closer to the
train and an attractive force from the
coils on the farther side. This keeps the
train in the center.

9. TECHNOLOGY
 Uses monorail track with linear motor
 Uses magnets to reach a really high velocity
 Floats about 1-10cm above the guideway on a magnetic field.
 Propelled by the guideway
 Once the train is pulled into the next section the magnetism
switches so that the train is pulled on again.

10. TYPES OF MAGLEV
 There are 2 notable types of maglev technology:-
•Electromagnetic suspension(EMS)
•Electrodynamic suspension(EDS)

11. ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION (EMS)
 Electromagnets attached to the train
 Has ferromagnetic stators on the track
and levitate the train.
 Has guidance magnets on the sides
 A computer changes the amount of
current to keep the train 1 cm from the
track.
 Max speed -438km/hr
 Has on-board battery power supply.

12. ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION (EDS)
 Super cooled superconducting magnets under
the train. Levitate about 10 cm.
 The field in the train due to superconducting
magnets or an array of permanent Magnets
(Inductrack).
 The force in the track is created by induced
magnetic field in wires or conducting strips in the
track.
 Naturally stable. Requires no feedback control.
 Requires retractable wheels at low speed , max
speed – 522 km/hr

13. MERITS AND DEMERITS
 ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION (EMS):
A) Merits:
• Magnetic fields inside & outside the vehicle are less than EDS.
• No wheels or secondary propulsion required.
• Can attain very high speed (500km/hr).
B) Demerits:
• Constant monitoring correction of separation between vehicle &
guideway using computer systems essential.
• Due to inherent instability and corrections ,vibration issues may occur.

14. MERITS AND DEMERITS
 ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION (EDS):
A) Merits:
• On board magnets and large separation enable highest recorded
speeds(581km/hr) and heavy load capacity.
• Naturally stable and hence no feedback control required.
B) Demerits:
• Strong magnetic field makes the train inaccessible to passengers with
pacemakers or storage media like hard drives and credit cards.
• Vehicle must be wheeled for low speed travel.

15. POWER AND ENERGY USAGE
 Energy is used to make the Maglev train levitate and to stabilise the
movement.
 Main part of the energy used to overcome the air drag.
 For very short distances the energy for accelerating is considerable.
 But the power used to overcome the air drag increases with square of
velocity and hence dominates at high speed.

16. COMPARISION WITH CONVENTIONAL TRAIN
FEATURE MAGLEV TRAIN CONVENTIONAL
TRAIN
Efficiency No rolling resistance
due to lack of contact
between track &
vehicle.
This improves power
efficiency.
Efficiency is affected by
rolling resistance due to
the
contact with the track.
Speed Allow higher top
speeds since they
don’t rely on
wheels for
propulsion.
Speed is limited by
the use of wheels
for propulsion.

17. COMPARISION WITH CONVENTIONAL TRAIN
FEATURE MAGLEV TRAIN CONVENTIONAL
TRAIN
All weather
operation
Unaffected by snow ,
severe cold , rain or
high winds.
Can accelerate regardless
of
slickness of guideway.
May encounter problems
due to degradation of
guideway caused by
weather conditions.

18. ECONOMICS
 The initial investment is similar to other high speed rail roads. (Maglift is
$20-$40 million per mile and I-279 in Pittsburg cost $37 million per mile
17 years ago.)
 Operating expenses are half of that of other railroads.
 A train is composed of sections that each contain 100 seats, and a train
can have between 2 and 10 sections.
 The linear generators produce electricity for the cabin of the train.

19. PRESENT SCENERIO

20. PRESENT SCENERIO

21. CONCLUSION

22. REFERENCE
 Science journal - ’Maglev train’ April 19, 2010,
http://science.howstuffworks.com/maglev-train.htm
 Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maglev
 https://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/maglev-train.htm