1.
ENGLISH 4

2.
1. Feather is to light as _______ is to heavy.
A. paper B. cotton C. rock
2. Mask is to ______ as gloves are to hands.
A. face B. toes C. hair
3. Zebra is to stripes as ______ is to spots.
A. lion B. giraffe C. monkey
B. Find the best way to classify the words in each box.
1. candy, cake, cookies, gelatin
A. They taste spicy.
B. They taste sweet.
C. They taste bitter.
2. rubbing alcohol, hand sanitizer, soap
A. They make us clean.
B. They make us itchy.
C. They make us sad.

3.
Activity A tests your understanding of
Analogy.
It is important to note the relationship
between the given pair before you can
fill out the other pair of words.
An analogy is a comparison of two
things that may have similar or opposite
characteristics or features.

4.
Activity B tests your understanding of
Word Classification.
You looked for SIMILARITIES, right?
You analyzed the connections
among the given words and you
were able to think of something
common about them. What you just
did is called word classification.

5.
Word classification is a
skill of grouping related
words together. Words can
be classified or grouped,
according to ways in which
they are similar.

6.
Context clues are hints that the author gives to help
the reader define a difficult or unfamiliar word.
1. My family sells root crops like sweet potato and
cassava.
2. There are berries, grapes and cranberries,
planted in Auntie Lilia’s urban garden.
Potato and cassava are examples of root
crops while grapes and cranberries are
examples of berries. The author made use
of Exemplification Clues.

7.
1. We used to make cupcakes, small cakes baked in
a muffin tin.
2. The mural on the left is beautiful but somber. It
lacks some color unlike the other murals.
Cupcakes are defined as small cakes baked in a
muffin tin while somber means lacks some
color.
Definition Clues are words or phrases
that directly define the unfamiliar word
in the sentence.

8.
Here is the step-by-step guide on how to
use context clues.
1. Read the sentence carefully.
2. Encircle the unfamiliar word in the sentence.
3. Analyze the sentence with unfamiliar word and give its
main idea. Look for the key phrases and ideas within the
sentence that may be related to the unfamiliar word.
Sometimes, key phrases can also be found in the next
sentences.
4. Decide if the key phrases give examples or definition to
the unfamiliar word.
5. Create your own meaning of the unfamiliar word based
on the exemplification or definition clues given.

9.
Underline the word or group of words that shows
the meaning of the italicized word in each
sentence.
1. My little brother fell from the ladder while
playing. This made our parents distressed, worried.
2. Back then, our forefathers used to trade root
crops with linen, the white goods or clothing
brought by merchants from other islands.
3. My grandfather is a hundred years old. He is
already a centenarian

10.
The words or phrases,
worried, white goods or
clothing and a hundred
years old define the
underlined words. These
made use of Definition
Clues.

11.
Direction: Use the list below to identify the meaning of the
underlined words.
list of books a cinema mango, narra,acacia
a pen that has a small metal a piece of paper or ribbon placed
ball between both pages
1. I use a bookmark to remember where I stopped reading.
2. My grandfather used to have a biro for writing.
3. We looked for bibliographies in the library.
4. There are plenty of trees in the forest.
5. My aunt is a theater actress.

12.
You must find the words or groups of words in the sentence
which tell the meaning of the underlined words.
1. I felt so lonesome, sad and alone, after my friend left.
2. There are mango trees, carabao and Indian, planted near
our house.
3. I have completely forgotten, not remembered, my bag in the
room.
Fill in each blank with the correct phrase in the box.
Context clues Exemplification Clues Definition Clues
__________ are hints that the author gives to help define a
difficult or unfamiliar word. __________are words or phrases
that directly define the unfamiliar word in the sentence.
Some words can be defined using the examples provided.
These are called ___________.

13.
NEXT TOPIC…

14.
Complete the sentences below with the
correct nouns in the box.
Joel’s rice group pencil
1.Uncle ____ pansit is delicious.
2.We usually work in _____ during activities.
3.I bought a new ______.
4.Papa asked for another cup of ______.

15.
Uncle Joel’s Pansit
By: Syrelle France S. Paterter
Uncle Joel owns a canteen near the plaza.
Our group usually goes there after class to
have some snack. Uncle Joel’s pansit is one of
the most delicious meals we have in town.
Aside from the pansit, his fried rice in a bowl
tastes good as well. No wonder why his food
is so loved by the crowd.

16.
In Uncle Joel’s Pansit, the nouns used are Joel’s,
canteen, plaza, group, pansit, town, rice, meals, bowl,
food, snack and crowd.
 Joel’s is a Possessive Noun. The noun “Joel” was
added by an apostrophe to show possession.
 Canteen, bowl, plaza, and town are examples of
count nouns.
These nouns can be counted.

17.
 Rice, meals, food, snack and pansit are
examples of mass nouns.
These are nouns that cannot be counted and will
need counters to know their quantity.
 Group and crowd are examples of collective
nouns.
These are words that represent a group of people,
things, or animals.

18.
Use the underlined nouns in your own
sentences. Write them on your notebook.
1.Mang Emong used his axe to cut the firewood.
2.Kuya Juan’s bicycle is broken.
3.The audience cheered for the singer.
4.Mama asked me to put some sugar in her cup.

19.
Fill in each blank with the correct word from the
box.
Possessive Mass Count Collective
We have different kinds of nouns.
1.______________ nouns show who or what
owns something. 2.______________ nouns are
words for groups of people, animals or things.
3.______________ nouns refer to things that
can be easily counted while 4.______________
nouns are those that cannot be counted.

20.
Read the story below and choose the personal
pronouns used.
Arnel’s father is a fisherman. Sometimes, he
helps him catch fish in the sea. One day, while
they were fishing in the vast ocean, they came
across a pod of dolphins. The sea creatures
were happily playing with each other in the
water. One of them even swam near their boat
and let Arnel touch its head. Arnel was indeed
happy with his experience that day. He hopes to
see his sea friends again.

21.
1.What is the story all about?
2.Who are the characters in the
story?
3.List down the words that are
used to substitute or replace
nouns in the story.

22.
Personal pronouns
are used to substitute the
names of people, places.
animals or things.

23.
I, me – first person singular
We, us – first person plural
You – second person singular
They, them – third person plural
He, him, she her, it – third person
pural

24.
GROUP ACTIVITY

25.
Maria and her family love the sea so much. During
vacation, _____go to the beach and have some
fun there. Maria’s father prepares some delicious
food for them. _____ sometimes grills some
barbecues and hotdogs with marshmallows.
Maria’s mother most often teaches her how to
swim. _____ always lets her ride on her back as
_____ swim farther from the shore. It’s always
the best part of her summer vacation.
he she they

26.
Describe the members
of your family.Use
personal pronouns.

27.
Common Personal Pronouns
include:
I, me, he, she, it, him, her,
you, we, they, them

28.
Grandfather’s Old Watch
Back when we were still young, my sister
and I used to go to our grandparents’
house to play with our cousins. I could still
remember the two old rusty swings by the
garden. Kuya Anton, the eldest among us,
used to sway both Alyana and me until his
arms got more tired than before.

29.
One day, while we were playing inside
the big house, I saw my grandfather
looking at his watch. It was quite old,
but he seemed to treasure it.
“Lolo, your watch is already old. Don’t
you want to replace it with a new
one?” I used to ask him then. But he
just smiled at me and tapped my
shoulders using his calloused big hands.

30.
When my grandfather died, we
put the watch in his casket and
buried it with him. My father
said that it was my Lola’s
wedding gift to him. That’s when
I realized how important that old
watch is to my Lolo.

31.
1. Who owned the old watch?
2. Why is the watch important?
3. What words or series of
words are used to describe an
object or a person in the story?

32.
The words young, eldest,
more tired, and old show
the degrees of comparison
of adjectives.

33.
The POSITIVE degree is used
when we are simply describing a
person or thing.
Example:
The ipil-ipil tree is tall.

34.
The COMPARATIVE degree is used when
we are comparing two persons or things.
We usually add –er at the end of the
adjective or use word like “more” before
the adjective.
Example:
The coconut tree is taller than the
ipil-ipil tree.

35.
The SUPERLATIVE degree is used when
comparing three or more persons or
things.
Example:
The narra tree is the tallest of the
three.

36.
The series of words “two old rusty” and “calloused
big” show the order of adjectives in the sentences.
the ORDER of ADJECTIVES, we follow this order:
Number, Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Color. Origin,
Material, Purpose(NOSASCOMP)
We don’t use comma in between adjectives when
they belong to different adjective groups.
Example: two round brown (number, shape, color)

37.
Use the correct degree of
comparison of the adjectives inside
the parentheses.
1. Anna is (short) than Maria.
2. Joel is the (strong) among the
three boxers.
3. The umbrella is (big).

38.
A. Write the correct degrees of
comparison of adjectives below.
1. beautiful
2. smart
3.young
4. small
5. big

39.
The series of words “two old rusty” and
“calloused big” show the order of adjectives in
the sentences.
The ORDER of ADJECTIVES, we follow this order:
Number, Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Color. Origin,
Material, Purpose (NOSASCOMP)
We don’t use comma in between adjectives when they
belong to different adjective groups.
Example: two round brown (number, shape, color)

40.
From the list below, arrange the adjectives
in order and use them in a sentence.
1.Sweet several green – several sweet green
2.Delicious one yellow- one delicious yellow
3. square blue three- three square blue
4.Heart few red- few heart red
5.Gold four big- four big gold

41.
WORKING TIME
When father goes to do his work
I like to go along
We laugh and talk as we go,
Sometimes we sing a song
Blackie, my dog, runs away ahead,
Then back he jumps and yips:
He knows just where to find the goats
On the fields or on the hills.
We find the pigs and chickens, too,
4 | P a g e

42.
1.Who are the characters in the poem?
2.Where are the characters in the
poem?
3.What do they do?
4.How do they feel when they are
working?
5.If you were the child in the poem,
would you like to go along with your
father? Why?

43.
Study these sentences from the
poem above. Identify the verbs used
in each sentence.
1.Blackie runs away ahead.
2.He knows where to find the goats.
3.We find the pigs and chickens.
4.I like to go along.
5.Our supper smells so good.

44.
We follow certain rules for Subject-Verb
Agreement.
➢Verbs are words which express action,
existence or condition.
➢We use the s form of the verb with
singular subjects.
Examples:
• Father goes to work everyday.
• The dog runs.
• A flower blooms each day.

45.
We use the base form of the verb
with plural subjects.
Examples:
• We go inside to rest.
• Trees grow and give us lots of
fruits.

46.
Always remember that if actions are done regularly
or habitually, the verbs used are in the simple
present tense.
The following are examples of time expressions
used in sentences that show habitual action.
 I wake up at 6:00 o’clock in the morning.
 My brother drinks milk at night.
 We visit Baguio during holidays.
 Once a month, I go on a trip.
 Myla and Mike see each other twice a year.
 Ivan plays basketball every other day.

47.
Choose the simple present tense of verb used in each sentence.
1. The dog barks at strangers.
2. Mang Pedring lives near the sea.
3. They go to beach on weekends.
4. The fish vendors wait for them at the seashore
every afternoon.
5. We hike the famous Mt.Tapulao in Zambales
6. He asks the policeman for directions.
7. I ride horses in the summer.
8. I like chocolate.
9. Dawn plays chess in the evenings.
10. The train arrives at 5 o'clock.

48.
Farm Day
By: Lovely Mekh E. Garimbao
Father goes to te farm every day to
plant vegetables. Today, Tim and Tin
go with him. Tim plays with the
animals in their farm. Horseback
riding is one of his favorite activities
he enjoys. Eden gathers ears of corn
and boils them.

49.
There is a big activity in the farm
today. One of the most awaited
activities in the farm is the time to
harvest the mangoes. Tim and Tin
are excited. They help father
gather the mangoes and put them
in the baskets.
It is really fun to go with father to
the farm.

50.
1. Who are the characters in the
selection?
2. What is the big activity in the
farm?
3. How do Tim and Tin feel when
it is time to harvest the mangoes?
4. Would you like to try gathering
the harvested mangoes? Why?

51.
Time expressions specify the time, day, month or year
when the action happens. They denote that actions
are done habitually. The action or state of being may
be immediate, in the here and now. Below are some
examples of time expressions used in sentences that
tell actions in the present.

52.
1. Everyday father goes to the
farm.
2.There is a big activity in the
farm today.
3. I always study hard.
4. Ben goes to basketball every
Saturday.
5. Mother goes to the market
every afternoon.

53.
6. Twice a year, I and my friends
travel out of town.
7. Kate usually eats fruits for
breakfast.
8. We play outside after school
each day.
9. They visit in the province every
month.
10. Cindy often surfs the internet.

54.
Direction: Pick the correct time expressions to complete the
sentence.
today everyday every every morning every afternoon
1. Ryan and Athena are friends. They play in the park________.
2. I feel wonderful __________. My mother will take me to the
movie house.
3. My father reads newspaper ___________.
4. The gumamela plant needs a great amount of water. Elsa and Ana
water, it ____________.
5. A growing gumamela needs plenty of nutrients. The sisters put
fertilizer _________ month.

55.
Directions: Write Y if the time expressions
used in the sentence is in present tense and X
if not.
_____ 1. Dan walks 2 kilometers every
morning.
_____ 2. The principal conducts meeting
yesterday.
_____ 3. Some parents help clean the school
yard every afternoon.
_____ 4. During Saturdays, the kids play
volleyball.
_____ 5. Joy enjoys watching the game
today.

56.
Verbs that form the past tense by adding –d or –ed to the
base form are called regular verbs.
1. One-syllable regular verbs end in consonant with
a vowel before it, form their past by doubling the
consonant before adding -ed.
Examples:
 rob - robbed
 ship – shipped
Rules in Forming Past Tense
of Regular Verbs

57.
2. Regular Verbs that end in e,
form their past tense by adding -d.
Examples:
move - moved
race - raced

58.
3.Regular verbs that end in y with a
consonant before it, form their past tense
by changing y to i and adding -ed.
Examples:
cry - cried
bury - burried

59.
4. Regular verbs that end in y with a
vowel before it, form their past
tense by adding -ed.
Examples:
play - played
stay - stayed

60.
Regular Verbs Rule BASE FORM PAST FORM
Rule Number 1 flip flipped
skip skipped
step stepped
rub rubbed
Rule Number 2 change changed
use used
love loved
Rule Number 3 hurry hurried
carry carried
dry dried
Rule Number 4 pray prayed
replay replayed

61.
Directions: Write the simple past form of the following
verbs. Write your answers on your paper.
1. move
2. follow
3. Heal
4. Reply
5. use
6. chop
7. hug
8. satisfy
9. Call
10.carry

62.
Directions: Rewrite each sentence using the past form of the verb
in the parenthesis. Write your answer on your paper.
1. They (use) leaves of plants for medicine.
2. After an hour, Jim (stop) jogging to eat breakfast.
3. She (plant) vegetables in her garden.
4. My sister (cook) our food yesterday.
5. We (cry) after watching the movie.
6. Trina (bake) cookies last Saturday.
7. Ivan and his friends (play) basketball.
8. Joel and Annie (hike) Mt. Pinatubo.
9. He (stay) in the beach.
10. Alexa and Belle (invite) their friends in their birthday party

63.
Directions: Read each sentence under column A. Under
column B, rewrite the sentence using the past form of the verb.
Write your answer on your paper.
Column A Column B
He carries the basket to the house. He carried the basket to
the house.

64.
BREAK BROKE BUILD BUILT

65.
BURN BURNT BUY BOUGHT

66.
CATCH CAUGHT CUT CUT

67.
DRAW DREW DRINK DRANK

68.
DRIVE DROVE EAT ATE

69.
Notice that when the base form of
irregular verb change to its past form
some change completely and some
change their vowel, however, some
words do not change at all. There is no
particular rule/s in changing the
irregular verbs to its past form.
Other irregular verbs fall into three
main categories:

70.
Ca te g o ry Exa m p le s
Ve rbs whic h do not c ha nge c ut – c ut
fit - fit
hit – hit
Ve rbs whic h cha nge the ir vowe l g e t – g ot
sit – sa t
d rink – d ra nk
Ve rb s whic h c om p le te ly c ha ng e c a tc h – c a ug ht
b ring – b roug ht
te a c h – ta ug ht
b uy - b oug ht

71.
VERB CHART
Pre se nt Pa st Pre se nt Pa st
a wa ke a wo ke e a t a te
b e g in b e g a n fa ll fe ll
be nd b e nt fe e d fe d
b id ba d e fe e l fe lt
b lo w b le w find fo und
b re a k broke fight fo ug ht
b ring brought fly fle w
b uild built forge t forgot
b uy bought ge t g o t
c a tc h c a ught give ga ve
c ome c a m e go we nt
d ig d ug grow g re w
do did he a r he a rd
d ra w dre w hid e hid
d rink d runk ho ld he ld

72.
Directions: Choose the correct past form of irregular verbs in
the parenthesis. Write your answer on your paper.
1. I (eat, ate) oats and fruits during breakfast.
2. They (was, were) laughing along the seashore.
3. He (do, did) not answer my call.
4. Connie and Shiela (buy, bought) the same pair of shoes.
5. MJ, Ivan and Love (found, find) the resort after an hour.
6. Mother (tell, told) me to drink milk before bedtime.
7. Last time, we (caught, catch) fish in the pond.
8. Febbie and Rachel (are, were) roommates during the
seminar last week.
9. It (was, were) yesterday’s night.
10.She (get, got) high grades because she studied so hard

73.
Directions: Use the past form of the underlined irregular
verbs and rewrite the paragraph. Write your answer on
your paper.
I spend my vacation on a farm. I ride on
carabaos and climb trees. I swim in rivers and
ride in bangka. One day, I wade in a brook
when I see a big fish. I quickly run home and
get a hook and line. My aunt smile and pat
me on the back. “We will see,” she say I run
back to brook and sit on a big stone. I put
some bait on the hook and throw the line into
the water. Then, I watch and wait for the big
fish.