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MARC into Linked Data:
An update on the Bibliographic
    Framework Initiative

        NISO/DCMI Webinar
          23 January, 2013

            Eric Miller
         em@zepheira.com




                                 1
2
Outline

• Act 1
• Act 2
• Act 3
• Fill in at end

                             3
BIBFRAME
“The Initiative aims to re-envision and, in
the long run, implement a new
bibliographic environment for libraries
that makes "the network" central and
makes interconnectedness commonplace.”

- Bibliographic Framework as a Web of Data:
  Linked Data Model and Supporting Services
  Library of Congress, November 21, 2012



                                              4
BIBFRAME
 “The Initiative aims to re-envision and, in
 the long run, implement a new
 bibliographic environment for libraries
 that makes "the network" central and
 makes interconnectedness commonplace.”
* robust enough to deal with 40 years ago
* -flexible enough to deal as a Web ofyears from now
    Bibliographic Framework with 40+ Data:
  Linked Data Model and Supporting Services
  Library of Congress, November 21, 2012



                                                      5
BIBFRAME
   “The Initiative aims to re-envision and, in
   the long run, implement a new
   bibliographic environment for libraries
   that makes "the network" central and
   makes interconnectedness commonplace.”
* libraries, museums, archives, publishers, etc.
    - Bibliographic Framework as a Web of Data:
* community (users) and Supporting Services
      Linked Data Model  they serve
    Library of Congress, November 21, 2012



                                                   6
BIBFRAME
“The Initiative aims to re-envision and, in
the long run, implement a new
bibliographic environment for libraries
that makes "the network" central and
makes interconnectedness commonplace.”
                          * not on the web
- Bibliographic Framework asbut of of Data:
                          * a Web the web
 Linked Data Model and Supporting Services
 Library of Congress, November 21, 2012



                                              7
8
link




                            link
link




              link                        link




       link
                                   link


link




                     link

                                          link




                                                 9
10
Linked Data
"a term used to describe a recommended best
   practice for exposing,   sharing, and
   connecting pieces of data,
information, and knowledge on the Semantic
      Web using URIs and RDF."
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_Data


                                              11
Sounds great, whats the catch?




                                 12
It takes the big step of fundamentally
rethinking applications and their integration




                                                13
Balance

Web Architecture   Business and Change
 and Standards         Management



    Systems         Subject Matter
   Engineering        Expertise



                                         14
BIBFRAME Design Background
•   Deconstructing MARC
    •   Linked Data“Things not Strings”
•   Ground truth of data patterns
•   Analysis of existing Linked Data efforts / patterns
•   Implementable
•   Addresses RDA use cases / scenarios (first
    among equals)
•   Adheres to Web Architecture
•   History / experience
                                                          15
MARC as “Things not Strings”




                               16
MARC as “Things not Strings”




                               17
MARC as “Things not Strings”




                               18
MARC as “Things not Strings”




                               19
MARC as “Things not Strings”




                               20
MARC as “Things not Strings”
                                         http://viaf.org/ ...


http://geonames.org/ ...



                                                           http:// ...




                http://id.loc.gov/ ...
                                                                    21
Ground Truth of MARC data




                            22
Linked Data in Libraries




                           23
Implementable




                24
What is Bibframe?
•   Bibframe is a linked data model for bibliographic data
•   Requirements and Goals:
    •   Inherent the robust nature of the MARC standard
    •   Be content model agnostic - RDA, DACS, CCO, etc.
    •   Handle description and management of traditional (books,
        serials, etc.) and non-traditional materials (born digital, data
        sets)
    •   Integrate supporting data (Authority, Holdings, Classification)
    •   Benefits from all the goodness the Web offers (web triggers,
        collaboration, data driven, etc.)



                                                                           25
Authority                                   Authority


             subject                   creator




                          Work


                         hasInstance




                        Instance


            publisher                       format
                         publishedAt




Authority                                            Authority
                        Authority




                                                                 26
Authority                                   Authority


                                         subject                   creator




Work (content)                                        Work


Resource reflecting the                               hasInstance


conceptual essence of the
cataloged item                                      Instance


                                        publisher                       format
                                                     publishedAt




                            Authority                                            Authority
                                                    Authority



                                                                                             27
Authority                                   Authority


                                        subject                   creator




Instance (carrier)                                   Work


Resource reflecting a                                hasInstance


material embodiment of a
BIBFRAME Work                                      Instance


                                       publisher                       format
                                                    publishedAt




                           Authority                                            Authority
                                                   Authority



                                                                                            28
Authority                                   Authority


                                            subject                   creator



Authority
                                                         Work

Resources reflecting key
authoritative concepts                                  hasInstance


(Person, Place, Org., Topic,
etc.). Targets of defined                               Instance
relationships.
                                           publisher                       format
                                                        publishedAt




                               Authority                                            Authority
                                                       Authority



                                                                                                29
Annotation                           subject                   creator




A means for                                       Work                   target   Review
decorating other
BIBFRAME resources     creator                   hasInstance                       creator


with additional
information such as                             Instance
                      Holdings   target

Library Holdings,
Cover Art, Reviews,
etc.
                                    publisher                       format
                                                 publishedAt




                                                                                             30
MARC to BIBFRAME

  Work
  Work
  Work

Instance
Instance
  Work
  Work




                      31
subject             author




                           Book


             hasInstance          hasInstance




Hardcover                                   Paperback



 publisher                                      publisher




                                                            32
editor                subject




                                                subject
     honoree             Collection



             hasInstance            hasPart

                               isPartOf



Hardcover                                                 author
                                                Essay
  Book


 publisher




                                                                   33
http://wiki.dublincore.org/index.php/Cataloger_Scenarios
                                                           34
35
36
Goodreads.com
identifies 32 various
     resources




                       36
"id": "http://bibfra.me/work/u2",
"title" : "Bluebeard",
"titleRemainder" : "a novel",
"type" : "Book"
"classification" : "025.3 M465f 2008",
"author" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/person/kurt_vonnegut",
"subject": [ "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/foo",
             "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/bar" ],                   Book
"language": "english",
"summary": "Broad humor and bitter irony collide in this fictional
autobiography of Rabo Karabekian, who, at age seventy-one, wants
to be left alone on his Long Island estate with the secret he has
locked inside his potato barn. But then a voluptuous young widow
badgers Rabo into telling his life story—and Vonnegut in turn
tells us the plain, heart-hammering truth about man’s careless
fancy to create or destroy what he loves.",
“hasInstance”: “http://bibfra.me/instance/u2-1”



"id": "http://bibfra.me/instance/u2-1",
"type": "HardcoverBook",
"edition": "1st",
"volumes": "1",
"pages": "300",                                                      Hardcover
"date" : "1987-09-02",
"publisher" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/org/delacorte_press",
"ISBN": "9780385295901",
"image": "http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/
51vbo8zwJlL._SL160_.jpg"




                                                                                 37
subject                  author




            Book


            hasInstance




       Hardcover


publisher




                                   38
"id": "http://bibfra.me/work/u2.t1",
"title" : "Barbablù",
"type" : "Book",
"author" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/person/kurt_vonnegut",
"translator" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/person/pier_francesco_paolini",
“subject": [ "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/foo",
             "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/bar",                        Book
             "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/baz" ],
“language": "Italian",
“summary": "Nome: Rabo. Cognome: Karabekian. Nato a San Ignacio di
California nel 1916 da genitori armeni. Stato civile: vedovo.
Professione: pittore e collezionista d'arte. La grande casa ...",
"hasInstance": "http://bibfra.me/instance/u2.t1-1",
"isTranslationOf": "http://bibfra.me/work/u2"




"id": "http://bibfra.me/instance/u2.t1-1",
"type": "PapberbackBook",
"volumes": "1",
"pages": "239",                                                         Paperback
"date" : "2007-05-31",
"publisher" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/org/feltrinelli",
"ISBN": "880701727X",
“image": "http://d.gr-assets.com/books/1327279411l/9700830.jpg"




                                                                                    39
subject                 author




                                 translator
          Book


          hasInstance




     Paperback


                        publisher




                                              40
subject                   author                     author                 subject




                                                                                      translator
            Book                   isTranslationOf            Book


            hasInstance                                       hasInstance




          Hardcover                                       Paperback


publisher                                                                    publisher




                                                                                                   41
subject                   author                      author                 subject




                                                                                       translator
            Book                   isTranslationOf             Book

                                   hasTranslation ?

            hasInstance                                        hasInstance




          Hardcover                                        Paperback


publisher                                                                     publisher




                                                                                                    42
Recombinant Data




                   43
44
RDF

• Resource Description Framework
 • common model for representing web
    data

        http://                 http://
       Subject
         URI      dc:creator
                  Predicate
                     URI       Object
                                 URI
        z.com                  me.com




                                          45
RDF

• Resource Description Framework
 • common model for representing web
    data

       URI      URI       URI




                                       46
RDF

• Resource Description Framework
 • common model for representing web
    data

       http://                 http://
        URI      dc:creator
                    URI         URI
       z.com                  me.com




                                         47
RDF




      48
BIBFRAME




           49
Community Profiles




                    50
Community Profiles




                    51
Community Profiles




                    52
Community Profiles




                    53
Back to Bluebeard
(in an Open World)

 Book          isTranslationOf    Book


 hasInstance                      hasInstance




Hardcover                        Paperback




(1987)                           (2007)


                                                54
Uniform
                                                                             Title

                                                                                                uniformTitle

                                                                 hasWork                     hasWork




 Book            isTranslationOf    Book           Book
                                                   Work                    isTranslationOf             Book
                                                                                                       Work



 hasInstance                        hasInstance    hasInstance                                         hasInstance




Hardcover                          Paperback      Hardcover                                        Paperback




               (option 1)                                           (option 2)


                                                                                                                     55
Uniform
                                                                      Title

                                                                                         uniformTitle

                                                            primeWork ?
                                                              hasWork                 hasWork




 Book            isTranslationOf    Book           Book
                                                   Work             isTranslationOf             Book
                                                                                                Work



 hasInstance                        hasInstance    hasInstance                                  hasInstance




Hardcover                          Paperback      Hardcover                                 Paperback




               (option 1)                                        (option 2)


                                                                                                              55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
Initial Phase
•   Completed Landscape Assessment

•   Initial draft of Linked Data model Bibliographic Framework as
    a Web of Data: Linked Data Model and Supporting Services

•   Prototype of translation services and Interfaces
      •   https://github.com/lcnetdev/marc2bibframe
•   Vocabulary mappings to MARC and RDA
•   Project roadmap and deployment strategic report
•   Convened Early Experimenters to help refine this work


                                                                    64
Early Experimenters
•   British Library
•   Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
•   George Washington University
•   National Library of Medicine
•   OCLC
•   Princeton University
•   Library of Congress


                                   65
Early Experimenters
           Process
•   Face to Face meeting in October at the Library of
    Congress to introduce the proposed BIBRAME
    model and preview their data in the model

•   Experimentation for a month at their institutions

•   Second Face to Face meeting in December to
    share findings, comments and questions

•   Iterative refinement of model, vocabulary and
    services based on real world data and
    experimentation


                                                        66
Next phase
•   Extended Experimentation with more institutions and data
    types
•   Create more detailed documentation
•   Complete Vocabulary Mapping to address all MARC and
    RDA fields
•   Serialization and Protocols
•   Create Use Cases for further validation
•   Named Profiles / constraints
•   Prototype lightweight, open source cataloging interfaces
•   Generate information central for all things BIBFRAME

                                                               67
BIBFRAME: Proposed Roadmap
         Short-Term Goal:                                      Medium-Term Goal:                                    Long-Term Goal:
     Refine BIBFRAME Model and                             Community Education and Transition                              Adoption
        Prepare for Transition

BIBFRAME Model Development


    Landscape                                                                                                                        Completed
                            Early Experiments                     Extended Group Testing                                               Tasks
    Assessment



Model Development                     BIBFRAME Model Refinement & Application Profiles



Pipeline Development                      Annotation Demonstration and Stress Testing




Community/Market Adoption
            Education &
                                                      Stakeholder Transition Strategy, Education and Transition
         Outreach Materials


                              Library Vendor and Search
                                                                                           Library Vendor and Search Adoption
                                       Strategy


                 Use Cases and Validation                                           End User Facing Tool Development



                       Value Proposition for Transition                                             Authority Services



                                                           BIBFRAME Vocabulary Governance Model




                                                                                                                                                 68
Next Steps for you
•   Continue to learn about Linked Data (inside and
    outside of Library community)

•   Join the discussion

    •   bibframe@listserv.loc.gov

•   Keep a watch out for updates to documentation,
    examples, vocabulary, services, prototypes, etc.

    •   http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/

•   Start to engage vendors

    •   “what is your Linked Data strategy”?

                                                       69
Thank You

Comments or Questions

     Eric Miller
  em@zepheira.com




                        70

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NISO/DCMI Webinar: Translating the Library Catalog from MARC into Linked Data

  • 1. MARC into Linked Data: An update on the Bibliographic Framework Initiative NISO/DCMI Webinar 23 January, 2013 Eric Miller em@zepheira.com 1
  • 2. 2
  • 3. Outline • Act 1 • Act 2 • Act 3 • Fill in at end 3
  • 4. BIBFRAME “The Initiative aims to re-envision and, in the long run, implement a new bibliographic environment for libraries that makes "the network" central and makes interconnectedness commonplace.” - Bibliographic Framework as a Web of Data: Linked Data Model and Supporting Services Library of Congress, November 21, 2012 4
  • 5. BIBFRAME “The Initiative aims to re-envision and, in the long run, implement a new bibliographic environment for libraries that makes "the network" central and makes interconnectedness commonplace.” * robust enough to deal with 40 years ago * -flexible enough to deal as a Web ofyears from now Bibliographic Framework with 40+ Data: Linked Data Model and Supporting Services Library of Congress, November 21, 2012 5
  • 6. BIBFRAME “The Initiative aims to re-envision and, in the long run, implement a new bibliographic environment for libraries that makes "the network" central and makes interconnectedness commonplace.” * libraries, museums, archives, publishers, etc. - Bibliographic Framework as a Web of Data: * community (users) and Supporting Services Linked Data Model they serve Library of Congress, November 21, 2012 6
  • 7. BIBFRAME “The Initiative aims to re-envision and, in the long run, implement a new bibliographic environment for libraries that makes "the network" central and makes interconnectedness commonplace.” * not on the web - Bibliographic Framework asbut of of Data: * a Web the web Linked Data Model and Supporting Services Library of Congress, November 21, 2012 7
  • 8. 8
  • 9. link link link link link link link link link link 9
  • 10. 10
  • 11. Linked Data "a term used to describe a recommended best practice for exposing, sharing, and connecting pieces of data, information, and knowledge on the Semantic Web using URIs and RDF." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_Data 11
  • 12. Sounds great, whats the catch? 12
  • 13. It takes the big step of fundamentally rethinking applications and their integration 13
  • 14. Balance Web Architecture Business and Change and Standards Management Systems Subject Matter Engineering Expertise 14
  • 15. BIBFRAME Design Background • Deconstructing MARC • Linked Data“Things not Strings” • Ground truth of data patterns • Analysis of existing Linked Data efforts / patterns • Implementable • Addresses RDA use cases / scenarios (first among equals) • Adheres to Web Architecture • History / experience 15
  • 16. MARC as “Things not Strings” 16
  • 17. MARC as “Things not Strings” 17
  • 18. MARC as “Things not Strings” 18
  • 19. MARC as “Things not Strings” 19
  • 20. MARC as “Things not Strings” 20
  • 21. MARC as “Things not Strings” http://viaf.org/ ... http://geonames.org/ ... http:// ... http://id.loc.gov/ ... 21
  • 22. Ground Truth of MARC data 22
  • 23. Linked Data in Libraries 23
  • 25. What is Bibframe? • Bibframe is a linked data model for bibliographic data • Requirements and Goals: • Inherent the robust nature of the MARC standard • Be content model agnostic - RDA, DACS, CCO, etc. • Handle description and management of traditional (books, serials, etc.) and non-traditional materials (born digital, data sets) • Integrate supporting data (Authority, Holdings, Classification) • Benefits from all the goodness the Web offers (web triggers, collaboration, data driven, etc.) 25
  • 26. Authority Authority subject creator Work hasInstance Instance publisher format publishedAt Authority Authority Authority 26
  • 27. Authority Authority subject creator Work (content) Work Resource reflecting the hasInstance conceptual essence of the cataloged item Instance publisher format publishedAt Authority Authority Authority 27
  • 28. Authority Authority subject creator Instance (carrier) Work Resource reflecting a hasInstance material embodiment of a BIBFRAME Work Instance publisher format publishedAt Authority Authority Authority 28
  • 29. Authority Authority subject creator Authority Work Resources reflecting key authoritative concepts hasInstance (Person, Place, Org., Topic, etc.). Targets of defined Instance relationships. publisher format publishedAt Authority Authority Authority 29
  • 30. Annotation subject creator A means for Work target Review decorating other BIBFRAME resources creator hasInstance creator with additional information such as Instance Holdings target Library Holdings, Cover Art, Reviews, etc. publisher format publishedAt 30
  • 31. MARC to BIBFRAME Work Work Work Instance Instance Work Work 31
  • 32. subject author Book hasInstance hasInstance Hardcover Paperback publisher publisher 32
  • 33. editor subject subject honoree Collection hasInstance hasPart isPartOf Hardcover author Essay Book publisher 33
  • 35. 35
  • 36. 36
  • 38. "id": "http://bibfra.me/work/u2", "title" : "Bluebeard", "titleRemainder" : "a novel", "type" : "Book" "classification" : "025.3 M465f 2008", "author" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/person/kurt_vonnegut", "subject": [ "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/foo", "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/bar" ], Book "language": "english", "summary": "Broad humor and bitter irony collide in this fictional autobiography of Rabo Karabekian, who, at age seventy-one, wants to be left alone on his Long Island estate with the secret he has locked inside his potato barn. But then a voluptuous young widow badgers Rabo into telling his life story—and Vonnegut in turn tells us the plain, heart-hammering truth about man’s careless fancy to create or destroy what he loves.", “hasInstance”: “http://bibfra.me/instance/u2-1” "id": "http://bibfra.me/instance/u2-1", "type": "HardcoverBook", "edition": "1st", "volumes": "1", "pages": "300", Hardcover "date" : "1987-09-02", "publisher" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/org/delacorte_press", "ISBN": "9780385295901", "image": "http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/ 51vbo8zwJlL._SL160_.jpg" 37
  • 39. subject author Book hasInstance Hardcover publisher 38
  • 40. "id": "http://bibfra.me/work/u2.t1", "title" : "Barbablù", "type" : "Book", "author" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/person/kurt_vonnegut", "translator" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/person/pier_francesco_paolini", “subject": [ "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/foo", "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/bar", Book "http://bibfra.me/auth/subject/baz" ], “language": "Italian", “summary": "Nome: Rabo. Cognome: Karabekian. Nato a San Ignacio di California nel 1916 da genitori armeni. Stato civile: vedovo. Professione: pittore e collezionista d'arte. La grande casa ...", "hasInstance": "http://bibfra.me/instance/u2.t1-1", "isTranslationOf": "http://bibfra.me/work/u2" "id": "http://bibfra.me/instance/u2.t1-1", "type": "PapberbackBook", "volumes": "1", "pages": "239", Paperback "date" : "2007-05-31", "publisher" : "http://bibfra.me/auth/org/feltrinelli", "ISBN": "880701727X", “image": "http://d.gr-assets.com/books/1327279411l/9700830.jpg" 39
  • 41. subject author translator Book hasInstance Paperback publisher 40
  • 42. subject author author subject translator Book isTranslationOf Book hasInstance hasInstance Hardcover Paperback publisher publisher 41
  • 43. subject author author subject translator Book isTranslationOf Book hasTranslation ? hasInstance hasInstance Hardcover Paperback publisher publisher 42
  • 45. 44
  • 46. RDF • Resource Description Framework • common model for representing web data http:// http:// Subject URI dc:creator Predicate URI Object URI z.com me.com 45
  • 47. RDF • Resource Description Framework • common model for representing web data URI URI URI 46
  • 48. RDF • Resource Description Framework • common model for representing web data http:// http:// URI dc:creator URI URI z.com me.com 47
  • 49. RDF 48
  • 50. BIBFRAME 49
  • 55. Back to Bluebeard (in an Open World) Book isTranslationOf Book hasInstance hasInstance Hardcover Paperback (1987) (2007) 54
  • 56. Uniform Title uniformTitle hasWork hasWork Book isTranslationOf Book Book Work isTranslationOf Book Work hasInstance hasInstance hasInstance hasInstance Hardcover Paperback Hardcover Paperback (option 1) (option 2) 55
  • 57. Uniform Title uniformTitle primeWork ? hasWork hasWork Book isTranslationOf Book Book Work isTranslationOf Book Work hasInstance hasInstance hasInstance hasInstance Hardcover Paperback Hardcover Paperback (option 1) (option 2) 55
  • 58. 56
  • 59. 57
  • 60. 58
  • 61. 59
  • 62. 60
  • 63. 61
  • 64. 62
  • 65. 63
  • 66. Initial Phase • Completed Landscape Assessment • Initial draft of Linked Data model Bibliographic Framework as a Web of Data: Linked Data Model and Supporting Services • Prototype of translation services and Interfaces • https://github.com/lcnetdev/marc2bibframe • Vocabulary mappings to MARC and RDA • Project roadmap and deployment strategic report • Convened Early Experimenters to help refine this work 64
  • 67. Early Experimenters • British Library • Deutsche Nationalbibliothek • George Washington University • National Library of Medicine • OCLC • Princeton University • Library of Congress 65
  • 68. Early Experimenters Process • Face to Face meeting in October at the Library of Congress to introduce the proposed BIBRAME model and preview their data in the model • Experimentation for a month at their institutions • Second Face to Face meeting in December to share findings, comments and questions • Iterative refinement of model, vocabulary and services based on real world data and experimentation 66
  • 69. Next phase • Extended Experimentation with more institutions and data types • Create more detailed documentation • Complete Vocabulary Mapping to address all MARC and RDA fields • Serialization and Protocols • Create Use Cases for further validation • Named Profiles / constraints • Prototype lightweight, open source cataloging interfaces • Generate information central for all things BIBFRAME 67
  • 70. BIBFRAME: Proposed Roadmap Short-Term Goal: Medium-Term Goal: Long-Term Goal: Refine BIBFRAME Model and Community Education and Transition Adoption Prepare for Transition BIBFRAME Model Development Landscape Completed Early Experiments Extended Group Testing Tasks Assessment Model Development BIBFRAME Model Refinement & Application Profiles Pipeline Development Annotation Demonstration and Stress Testing Community/Market Adoption Education & Stakeholder Transition Strategy, Education and Transition Outreach Materials Library Vendor and Search Library Vendor and Search Adoption Strategy Use Cases and Validation End User Facing Tool Development Value Proposition for Transition Authority Services BIBFRAME Vocabulary Governance Model 68
  • 71. Next Steps for you • Continue to learn about Linked Data (inside and outside of Library community) • Join the discussion • bibframe@listserv.loc.gov • Keep a watch out for updates to documentation, examples, vocabulary, services, prototypes, etc. • http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/ • Start to engage vendors • “what is your Linked Data strategy”? 69
  • 72. Thank You Comments or Questions Eric Miller em@zepheira.com 70