2. ROLE OF HARMONES IN MALE
STERILITY FOR HYBRID SEED
PRODUCTION
Submitted by :
Rathod Balaji Ulhasita G.
Ph.D. Plant Molecular Biology &
Biotechnology
Dept. of Biotechnology,
J.A.U.
An Assignment presentation
on
Submitted to
Dr. G.K. Kataria
Research Scientist (Pl. Physio),
Cotton Research Station,
College of Agriculture,
J.A.U.
PL PHYSIOL 504 HARMONAL REGULATION OF PLANT
GROWTHAND DEVELOPMENT
3. Outline
1) Introduction
2) What is Male Sterility
3) Types of male sterility
4) Male sterility through hormonal
engineering
5) Conclusion
4. INTRODUCTION
What is Sterility?
An inability of a living organism to effect sexual reproduction.
What is Male Sterility?
It is the failure of plants to produce functional anthers, pollen, or male gametes.
Occurs mainly in bisexual plants.
More prevalent than female sterility
5. Feature of Male Sterility
Absence or malformation of male organs.
Failure to develop normal microsporogenous tissue anther
Abnormal microsporogenesis deformed or inviable pollen
Abnormal pollen maturation
Non dehiscent anthers but viable pollen, sporophytic control
Barriers other than incompatibility preventing pollen
6. Why Male Sterility?
Reduced the cost of hybrid seed production.
Production of large scale of F1 seeds.
It avoids enormous manual work of emasculation and
pollination.
Speedup the hybridization programme.
Commercial exploitation of hybrid vigour
7. Types of male sterility
• Cytoplasmic male sterility(cms) -governed by cytoplasmic genes
• Genetic male sterility(gms) -governed by nuclear genes
• Cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility(cgms)-governed by both nuclear and
cytoplasmic genes
• Transgenic male streility -induced by the technique of genetic
engneering
• Chemical induced male sterility -induced by the use chemical
9. Auxin
Role in floral organ
develepment
Distruption of genes
associated
Auxin transport,
biosynthesis, signaling
Flower abnormalities
5 day at
30/25◦C
Male sterility
Tadashi Sakata et .al 20101
suppressing the transcript level of Yuc2 andYuc6 (encoding auxin
biosynthesis enzymes) which leads to a premature abortion of
microspore development
10. Auxin- Arabidopsis thaliana
7 day 31-35◦C
day/night
arf6/arf8 - shorten petal and stamen filaments, failure to release
pollen, and abnormal ovules
15. ABA- RICE
ABA
ABA regulates the expression of tapetum
cell wall bound invertase and
monosaccharide transport genes, leading
to a disturbed carbohydrate
accumulation in the anther
Abiotic stress responses
Male fertility during reproductive
stress
pollen
sterility
Wilson et.al. 2009
17. Brassinosteroid- Arabidopsis T.
BRI1 essential for male fertility in plants
cpd dwf4
reduced filament elongation,
leading to a failure of pollen
delivery to the stigma
failure of
pollen tube
elongation
Yoshida et. al. 2002
18. Significance of Male Sterility in Plant Breeding
Male sterility a primary tool to avoid emasculation
in hybridization.
Hybrid production requires a female plant in which
no viable pollens are borne. Inefficient emasculation
may produce some self fertile progenies.
Saves lot of time, money and labour.
19. CONCLUSION
Harmonal engineered male sterility provides tremendous
opportunities to the breeders for enforcing pollination
control in hybrid seed production systems.
Harmonal engineering will become simpler, faster and
more effective. They will be widely used to promote the
heterosis utilization of vegetables and other crops and play
more and more important roles in plant breeding.